EVALUATION OF HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY VERSUS LAPAROSCOPY IN THE DETERMINATION OF TUBAL FACTORS IN FEMALE INFERTILITY: A HOSPITAL BASED COMPARATIVE STUDY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Choudhary ◽  
Rishikant Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Female Infertility ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Panoramic View ◽  
Tubal Patency ◽  
Pelvic Organs ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Reproductive Anatomy ◽  
Tubal Pathology

Objectives: Hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy both are the diagnostic methods for assessment of female infertility.  The present study was to compare the evaluation of hysterosalpingography (HSG) versus laparoscopy in determination of tubal factors in female infertility. Methods: Detailed assessment, physical examination and clinical investigations were performed in all 100 infertile female with age 20 years to 40 years. All patients were advised to perform digital HSG. Patients with an abnormal HSG underwent laparoscopy without delay, whereas in patients with a normal HSG, laparoscopy was performed three months after HSG. HSG is best scheduled during the 2nd -5th day interval immediately following the end of menstruation, to minimize risk for infection, avoid interference from intrauterine blood and clot, and to prevent any possibility that the procedure might be performed after conception. Results: Data was analysed by using IBM SPSS version 23 software.  All data was tabulated and percentages were calculated. Mean ± standard deviation was observed. Conclusions: Diagnostic laparoscopy is the gold standard in diagnosing tubal pathology and other intra-abdominal causes of infertility. Other hand, Hysterosalpingography is a frequently utilized diagnostic tool in the assessment of tubal status and detection of uterine anatomical defects in infertility. Hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy are not alternatives but complimentary investigations. But, inadequacy of hysterosalpingography (HSG) in determining the state of tubal patency, emphasizes the need for laparoscopy. Laparoscopy provides both a panoramic view of the pelvic reproductive anatomy and a magnified view of pelvic organs and peritoneal surfaces. Keywords: Female infertility, Tubal patency, HSG, Laparoscopy

Consideration of Environmentally Assisted Fatigue in Austenitic Stainless Steel: Calculation and Practical Application

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven H. Reese ◽  
Johannes Seichter ◽  
Dietmar Klucke
Keyword(s):  
Primary Circuit ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Circuit Component ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fatigue Evaluation ◽  
Assessment Procedures

The influence of LWR coolant environment to the lifetime of materials has been discussed recent years. Nowadays the consideration of environmentally assisted fatigue is under consideration in Codes and Standards like ASME and the German KTA Rules (e.g. Standard No. 3201.2 and Standard No. 3201.4) by means of so called attention thresholds. Basic calculation procedures in terms of quantifying the influence of LWR coolant environment by the Fen correction factor were proposed by Higuchi and others and are given in NUREG/CR-6909. This paper deals with the application of the proposed assessment procedures of ANL and the application to plant conditions. Therefore conservative assessment procedures are introduced without assuming the knowledge of detailed stress and strain calculations or temperature transients. Additionally, detailed assessment procedures based on Finite-Element calculations, respecting in-service temperature measurements including thermal reference transients and complex operational loading conditions are carried out. Fatigue evaluation of a PWR primary circuit component is used in order to evaluate the influence of plant like conditions numerically. Conclusions regarding the practical application are drawn by means of comparing the ANL approach considering laboratory conditions, conservative assessment procedures for the determination of cumulative fatigue usage factors of plant components and detailed assessment procedures. Plant like loading conditions, complex component geometries, loading scenarios and reference temperature transients shall be taken into account. Practical issues like the determination of the mean temperature or the strain rate have to be considered adequately.

scholarly journals Use of the Accusport semi-automated analyser to determine blood lactate as an aid in the clinical assessment of horses with colic

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Schulman ◽  
J.P. Nurton ◽  
A.J. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Case Outcome

The most useful diagnostic methods in the initial evaluation of horses with colic assess the morphological and functional status of the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular status. This evaluation is best achieved using a combination of clinical and laboratory data. Blood lactate concentration (BL) is one of these variables. BL rises mainly due to poor tissue perfusion and anaerobic glycolysis associated with shock, providing an indicator of both the severity of disease and its prognosis. A hand-held lactate meter, Accusport, provides a rapid (60 seconds), inexpensive dry-chemical-based determination of BL. This trial evaluated the Accusport's ability to provide BL data as an adjunct to the initial clinical evaluation of horses with colic. The accuracy of the Accusport was tested by evaluation of its interchangeability with the benchmark enzymatic kit evaluation of BL in a trial using data collected firstly from 10 clinically normal control horses and subsequently from 48 horses presented with signs of colic. The BL values were recorded together with the clinical variables of heart rate (HR), capillary refill time (CRT), haematocrit (Hct), and pain character and severity on the initial assessment of the colic horses. Information regarding choice of therapeutic management (medical or surgical) and eventual case outcome (full recovery or died/euthanased) was recorded. The Accusport was found to be interchangeable with the enzymatic kit for recording BL values in colic horses with BL <10 mmol/ , which is within the BL range associated with survival. The interchangeability of an additional, laboratory-based wet chemical assay for BL, the Stat 7 was simultaneously evaluated for the colic and control horses. The Stat 7 was found to be interchangeable with the enzymatic kit for BL determination of colic horses. No linear associations between BL values with HR, CRT, Hct or pain assessment were observed. No relationship with either selection of therapeutic method or eventual case outcome was observed. All horses with BL >8 mmol/ died or were euthanased.

scholarly journals Biosensors for the Determination of SARS-CoV-2 Virus and Diagnosis of COVID-19 Infection

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Maryia Drobysh ◽  
Almira Ramanaviciene ◽  
Roman Viter ◽  
Chien-Fu Chen ◽  
Urte Samukaite-Bubniene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
Analytical Signal ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Free Mode ◽  
Rna Hybridisation ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Affinity Interaction

Monitoring and tracking infection is required in order to reduce the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To achieve this goal, the development and deployment of quick, accurate, and sensitive diagnostic methods are necessary. The determination of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is performed by biosensing devices, which vary according to detection methods and the biomarkers which are inducing/providing an analytical signal. RNA hybridisation, antigen-antibody affinity interaction, and a variety of other biological reactions are commonly used to generate analytical signals that can be precisely detected using electrochemical, electrochemiluminescence, optical, and other methodologies and transducers. Electrochemical biosensors, in particular, correspond to the current trend of bioanalytical process acceleration and simplification. Immunosensors are based on the determination of antigen-antibody interaction, which on some occasions can be determined in a label-free mode with sufficient sensitivity.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH SUBCLINICAL FORMS OF HORMONAL-ACTIVE ADRENAL TUMORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
P. N. Romashchenko ◽  
N. A. Maistrenko ◽  
S. G. Bliumina ◽  
A. M. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Adrenal Tumors ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Adrenocortical Cancer ◽  
Catecholamine Metabolites ◽  
In Blood Plasma

The increased incidence of accidental revealing adrenal tumors in radiation studies requires further improvement of laboratory diagnostic methods for the timely detection of their latent hormonal activity and malignancy potential, as well as the determination of strategic therapeutic approaches. The aim of the work was to evaluate the capabilities of modern laboratory diagnostics in verification of latent forms of hormone-active adrenal tumors to determine further treatment tactics. The study included 207 (14.9%) of 1390 patients in whom the hormones precursors of steroidogenesis and catecholamine metabolites were studied in blood plasma by liquid chromatography, as well as tumor markers. These patients were divided into a group of subclinical forms of hormone-active NP tumors (n = 173) and a group of truly hormone-inactive formations (n=34). It has been established that pre-aldosteroma is characterized with an increase of corticosterone (8.1±3.4 ng/ml), 11-deoxycorticosterone (12.3±3.0 ng/ml), 18-hydroxycorticosterone (5.4±1,4 ng/ml) in blood. For pre-corticosteroma: increased cortisol (119.2±16.1 ng/ml), 11-deoxycortisol (11.5±1.9 ng/ml), 11-deoxycorticosterone (12.8±2.1 ng/ml), the ratio of cortisol/cortisone (9.1±1.6 ng/ml) in blood. The presence of «silent» pheochromocytoma was confirmed by an increase of blood free methanephrine (105.0±27.1 ng/ml) and normetanephrine (196.0±43.6 ng/ml), as well as chromogranin A (223.3±15.3 pg/ml). The latent forms of adrenocortical cancer were characterized by an increase in blood dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (45.2±3.9 μmol/L), cancer embryo antigen (9.8±1.2 ng/ml), vascular endothelial growth factor (1122.0±24.5 ng/ml), IL-6 (95.4±1.8 pg/ml), 11-deoxycortisol (21.8±4.5 ng/ml), 11-deoxycorticosterone (4.2±3.2 ng/ml). All 173 patients with hormone-active NP tumors, as well as 30 (88.2%) with large (6.5±2.0 cm) hormone-inactive formations with the presence of compression syndrome, underwent adrenalectomy. Determination of the precursors of steroidogenesis and catecholamine metabolites in blood plasma by liquid chromatography can reliably identify the functional activity of adrenal tumors and determine their malignant potential, as well as substantiate indications for timely surgical treatment.

Analysis of Soft Skills Implementation in the System of Foreign Language Training in Higher School

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Olesya Dmitrievna Medvedeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Career Guidance ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Migrant Students ◽  
School Work ◽  
Professional Self

The article substantiates the necessity to promote the process of professional self-determination of migrant-students. The analysis of theoretical research on the problem reveals the reasons that impedes this process among students in general (insufficient school work aiming at organizing career guidance, the change of paradigms from “one job for life” to the concept of “diversity”), and migrant-students in particular (the influence of external factors, “administrative nationalism”). Some real successful practices during admission campaigns, and the possibilities of using the experience of foreign universities (applicant’s portfolio, structured interview), described in the article, can significantly contribute to the efficiency of the process of professional self-determination of migrant-students. The purpose of this article is to identify the possibilities of the admission campaign to promote professional self-determination of applicants with migrant background. Methodology. The study was carried out on the basis of a set of complementary methods: analysis of pedagogical literature; generalization of scientific information obtained in the course of the study; diagnostic methods. Conclusion. The organization of an admission campaign, aiming at overcoming the problems considering the possibilities of using foreign experience, has a significant potential for providing support for the professional self-determination of a migrant student.

Outline of the Recent Consolidated Revision of EN13445-3, Clause 18 and Related Annexes: Detailed Assessment of Fatigue Life

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Rudolph ◽  
Guy Baylac ◽  
Ralf Trieglaff ◽  
Rüdiger Gawlick ◽  
Michael Krämer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Structural Stress ◽  
Critical Plane ◽  
Fatigue Assessment ◽  
European Working ◽  
Critical Plane Approach ◽  
Detailed Assessment

Abstract The European Pressure Vessel Standard EN 13445 (harmonized Standard acc. to PED 2014/68/EU) provides in its Part 3 (Design) a simplified method for fatigue assessment (Clause 17) and a detailed method of fatigue assessment (Clause 18). While the new revision of Clause 17 has already been adopted, Clause 18 “Detailed Assessment of Fatigue Life” is now available as a consolidated revision in inquiry phase. This major and comprehensive revision has been developed within the framework of the European working group CEN/TC 54/WG 53 – Design methods and constitutes a crucial step towards a modern and user-friendly engineering fatigue assessment method. The overall structure and amendments of Clause 18 are to be presented. All these amendments aim at a significant increase in user friendliness and clear guidelines for application. The following items are to be mentioned in that context: • Fatigue assessment of welded components based on structural stress and structural hot-spot stress approaches, • Detailed guidelines for determining relevant stresses and stress ranges, • Cycle counting proposals in the context of the fatigue assessment method including a critical plane approach. The fatigue assessment of welded components is separated from the fatigue assessment of un-welded parts as it has already been done in previous versions with respective methodological differences. Stress analyses for clause 18 are usually based on detailed finite element analyses (FEA). As an essential amendment for the user, the determination of structural stress ranges for the fatigue assessment of welds is further detailed in a new appropriate annex. Different applicable methods for the determination of structural stresses are explained in connection with the requirements of the finite element models and analyses. The cycle counting issue is comprehensively treated in the context of different design and operation situations (design transients, operational stress-time-histories). The description is detailed towards a critical plane approach. Detailed proposals for implementation in an algorithmic programming framework are given making the described methods ready to use.

Computer reconstructed X-ray imaging

1979 ◽  
Vol 292 (1390) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Atomic Number ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Transmission Measurements

Computed tomography is a method for obtaining a series of radiographic pictures of contiguous slices through a solid object such as the human body. Each picture is computed from a set of X-ray transmission measurements and represents the distribution of X-ray attenuation in the slice. The high sensitivity of the method to changes in both density and atomic number has resulted in the development of new diagnostic methods in medicine. The limitations of the method are discussed in terms of two particular kinds of application. First, those applications in which a very precise determination of density or atomic number is required, but at low spatial resolution; an example would be the determination of the uniformity of mixture of plastics or metals. The second kind of application is that requiring high spatial resolution as in the detection of cracks and the visualization of internal structures in complicated objects.

Efficacy of serum laminin measurement for diagnosis of fibrotic liver diseases.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 2026-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kropf ◽  
A M Gressner ◽  
A Negwer
Keyword(s):  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Fibrotic Liver ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Better Than

Abstract We examined the efficacy of laminin assay in serum for diagnosis of fibrotic liver diseases. Values for subjects with liver disease significantly (P less than 0.05) exceeded those for healthy subjects and patients with nonhepatic diseases. At a cutoff value of 1.45 kilo-units(arb.)/L (approximately 330 micrograms/L) and an assumed prevalence of fibrotic liver diseases of 0.5, positive and negative predictive values of the test were 0.97 and 0.83, respectively, for the comparison with a healthy reference population and 0.81 and 0.80 for nonhepatic diseased patients. Increases in laminin concentration were positively correlated with the extent of fibrotic transition of the liver. Discrimination between fibrotic and cirrhotic stages of chronic liver diseases by means of laminin assay was better than with the amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen. According to the criteria of diagnostic efficacy, we conclude that determination of laminin in serum improves the possibilities of clinical-chemical diagnosis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, as commonly true for other biochemical tests, determination of laminin cannot replace conventional diagnostic methods.

AMIDOLYTIC DETERMINATION OF ANTI-ACTIVATED PROTEIN C ACTIVITY IN PLASMA

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Nicham ◽  
J L Martinoli
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Type I ◽  
Peptide Substrate ◽  
Normal Plasma ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Protein C Activity

Anti-activated protein C (anti-APC) potency of plasma was studied using purified bovine activated protein C (Bovine APC) and the chromogenic peptide substrate CBS 65.25. The choice of bovine instead of human APC was justified by a better sensitivity (Km = 0.14 and 0.42 mM respectively). Inhibition was shown to be dramatically enhanced by the presence of Heparin and calcium. No significant difference occurred for pH values up to 8.2 for both inhibition and hydrolysis reactions.In the final test, O.l ml of 1:5 diluted plasma (Tris buffer saline, pH 8.4, containing 5 U/ml of Heparin) were incubated at 37°C with 0.2 ml of Bovine APC (0.125 U/ml). After 10 minutes of inhibition, 0.2 ml of CBS 65.25 (1.5 mM/1) were added to the mixture and the change in absorbance was recorded at 405 nm for 2 minutes. In these conditions linearity of the dose-response curve was ensured from O up to 130 % of activity (normal plasma pool being assigned to 100 %) ; day to day precision was 1.9 %. When a normal plasma was overloaded with different purified inhibitors such as antithrombin III, cl-esterase inactivator, alpha 2 macroglobulin, the measured anti-APC activities were not affected at all. It could be concluded that this test measures protein C inhibitor described by Suzuki.Levels in 23 normal individuals averaged 97.7 %, giving a normal range of 77 - 118 %. Levels were below normal in 6 of 10 patients after surgery (54.1 +/- 4.8 %), in 18 of 19 patients with liver disease (49.5 +/- 9.6 %) and in 4 of 18 coumarin treated patients (54.9 +/- 6.5 %). In 9 of 10 patients previou sly characterized as type I protein C deficient, a statistically significant increase in anti-APC activity was observed (mean 110.7 +/- 7.7 %).The use of a chromogenic peptide substrate has led to a sensitive and fast assay for anti-APC activity in plasma. That could be of interest in clinical investigations and knowledge of regulatory mechanisms in thrombotic disorders.

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