scholarly journals Investigating the severity of the grief experience among people whose family members died of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dead Person ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Grief Process ◽  
The Social

Background & Objectives: COVID-19 has made the grief process more complicated and brought about loads of unexpressed grief. This study aimed at determining the severity of grief reactions due to the death of a first-degree relative (FDR) affected by COVID-19. Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the grief score of people over 18 years old with the experience of losing one of their FDRs (i.e. father, mother, and siblings) because of COVID-19. Convenience sampling was employed to gather the data. The instrument used in this study was the Grief Experience Questionnaire (GEQ-34) that was filled in through phone calls. The inclusion criteria included the tendency to participate in the study, age of over 18, and the experience of FDR’s death. On the other hand, the exclusion criteria were severe discomfort and restlessness while talking on the phone. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were employed to diagnose the factors affecting grief, using SPSS version 22 with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The findings indicated that the mean score of GEQ was 67.22±19.24, ranging from 34 to 126. In this study, 54.5% of the bereaved had an experience of low-level grief, 40.2% moderately experienced the grief, and 5.3% were highly affected. There was a positive relationship between the gender of the mourners, widows, or widowers with the grief score, while a negative relationship was observed between being an employed mourner as well as the age of the dead person with the grief score. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has brought about quite a lot of changes in the social and economic situation; mourning condition has become a complicated challenge. To facilitate the grief process and prevent psychological problems, it is recommended that some changes take place in this process. For example, online memorials, and online meetings of mourning can replace the traditional ones. Television, mass media, and clergymen can play a great role in making these changes in funeral rituals.

scholarly journals Factors affecting academic failure in medical students in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-14
Author(s):  
Zohreh Tajabadi ◽  
Matineh Sadat Miri ◽  
Soliman Ahmadi ◽  
Matineh Pourrahimi ◽  
Mojtaba Abdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Academic Failure ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Academic Probation ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Students are considered part of the capital of each country. Several factors can affect their educational status and, as a result, contribute to their academic failure. The current study seeks to investigate the relationship between students’ academic failure and the affecting factors with the Iranian Educational Ranking of Universities. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The required sample size was calculated using Cochran’s formula. A researcher-made questionnaire with 5 parts was used to collect data. Kruskal Wallis and Spearman’s analysis of variance was used for analysis. The significance level was considered as 0.05. Results: A total of 1215 people participated; 13.7% of students had had an academic failure and 2.0% of them were on academic probation. There was a correlation between university RAD rank and academic failure (r = -0.098 and P = 0.0001) as well as student satisfaction (r = 0.264 – P = 0.0001). There was a significant difference between an academic drop and academic grade in three ranks of university (Pv= 0.0001), and, interestingly, having moved from Rank 1 to 3, having academic grade increases, and having academic failure decreases. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the higher ranked the college campus is on the RAD scale, the higher the academic failure rate. For annual assessment of universities, it is proposed that assessment of academic failure and grades be used as a benchmark.

scholarly journals Prevalence of biologic, behavioral and psychosocial determinant of tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients of Semnan city; a five-year cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e24-e24
Author(s):  
Naim Sadat Kia ◽  
Mohammad Nassaji Zavareh ◽  
Elnaz Sarkheil ◽  
Elaheh Ghods
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Household Crowding ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common and lethal infectious diseases. Objectives: Due to the impact of biological, behavioral, socio-economic factors on the incidence of TB and the risks of the disease, we aimed to investigate the factors affecting TB in TB patients in Semnan. Patients and Methods: All patients with confirmed TB, who were referred to primary healthcare centers in Semnan for receiving medication, enrolled in the study (2012 to 2016). Data collected from clinical records and in-person interviews. The questionnaire consisted of two parts; the first part was demographic data and the other was related to the risk factors for TB. Results: The household crowding index was 1.86 ± 0.88. Most of patients (48.1%) were elderly (≥60 years old), female (59.7%), housewife (48.1%), had a pre-diploma education (63.6%), low-monthly income (62.3%) and married (63.6%). Around13.0% had diabetes. 20.8% drug abuser, 16.9% cigarettes and tobacco smokers, and 1.3% consumed alcoholic beverages. Besides, 40.3% were Afghans and 1.3% had the Pakistani nation. Conclusion: Identifying and controlling the social, geographical and biological factors affecting the incidence and mortality of TB in different regions can help to formulate appropriate strategies for achieving global goals. These factors differ among native and non-native population.

Patients’ beliefs toward generic medication in Yemen

2021 ◽  
pp. 174113432110392
Author(s):  
Ammar Ali Saleh Jaber ◽  
Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi ◽  
Abdullah Ahmed Dhabali
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Generic Medicines ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Generic Medication ◽  
Knowledge And Beliefs ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Purpose This study aims to explore patients’ knowledge and beliefs toward generic medicines and identify the factors affecting their beliefs toward them in Yemen. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to July 1, 2016. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 590 adult patients in Sana’a. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® (IBM SPSS) version 26 for Windows. Results Overall, 370 patients participated in this study. The study identified that a majority of the respondents did not know the similarities and differences between generic and branded medication and had negative beliefs toward generic medication. The study identified the factors contributing to the patients’ beliefs toward generic medication. Conclusion Yemeni patients had poor knowledge and negative beliefs toward generic medication. Educational programs provided to patients and healthcare professionals regarding generic medication can improve patients’ knowledge and correct their beliefs in this regard.

The role of spiritual health experience with intensity and duration of labor pain while childbearing and postpartum

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Dehestani ◽  
Naeimeh Tayebi ◽  
Zeinab Moshfeghy ◽  
Marzieh Akbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Background: The birth of a child is one of the most important events in a mother's life. The use of religious beliefs and spirituality is often considered as a constructive coping strategy in improving the psychological health of individuals. Objective: The present study aimed to examine the role of spiritual health experience with intensity and duration of labor pain during childbearing and postpartum. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a total of 200 pregnant women who were 37-42 weeks pregnant and referred to Shiraz Medical Hospital for delivery were selected by nonprobability convenience sampling method. Personal and Midwifery Information Questionnaire and Ellison-Paloutzian Spiritual Health Questionnaire were used for data collection. These questionnaires were completed by interviews. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Descriptive test was used for data description and Chi-square test was used for data analysis. The significance level in all testes was set at < 0.05. Results: There is a significant negative relationship between the variable of spiritual health and duration of the admission stage until the full opening of the cervix in primipara and multipara. But there is no significant relationship between the variables of complete opening of the cervix to fetal delivery and fetal delivery to placental delivery and maternal spiritual health. Conclusion: This study increases our knowledge about spiritual health strategies to prevent labor pains and promote mental health in pregnant women. Midwives should be sensitive to the spiritual health of pregnant women and integrate this element into maternal care.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP SOCIAL SUPPORT AND RESILIENCE WITH STRESS LEVELS OF FAMILY CAREGIVERS HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS SURABAYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
A Fahmil Haq Aplizuddin ◽  
Harmayetty Harmayetty ◽  
Elida Ulfiana
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Stress Levels

Introduction: Hemodialysis is a life-long treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD has physical and psychosocial challenges to experience stress which not only affects but patients but also family members who care for them or also called family caregivers. Analyzing the relationship of social support and resilience to the level of stress in the family caregiver of hemodialysis patients at Haji Hospital Surabaya.Methods: A cross-sectional study with a population of family caregiver members of hemodialysis patients at RSU Haji Surabaya. The sample size was 92 respondents with criteria, namely families who treat hemodialysis patients at RSU Haji Surabaya, live in one house with patients, aged > 18 years, and can read and write. The variables of this study are social support, resilience, and stress levels. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire and analyzed using Spearman’s Rho test. Results : There was a significant negative relationship between social support and stress levels (p = 0.004 and r = -0.296) and resiliency with stress levels (p = 0.003 and r = -0.311).Discussion: The level of stress in a family caregiver hemodialysis patient can be influenced by the social support received and the level of resilience they have. The social support has an important role for family caregivers obtained from the family and significant other.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Obesity, Dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Gastrojejunostomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sunil Kumar ◽  
Abhishek Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Billroth Gastrojejunostomy (GJ) is less invasive surgery as compared to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), which is performed for obesity and weight loss. There is sparse data on long term metabolic effects of GJ, which was performed frequently in the past. Aim: To determine the prevalence of obesity, dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in patients that had undergone GJ. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, Government Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, India, over a period of six years. All patients with history of GJ, done in past 15 years were included in the study. Presence of obesity, DM and dyslipidemia were noted among patients and was compared with their first degree relatives. Patients with family history of diabetes and without first degree relative were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test for qualitative variables and independent t-test for quantitative variables. Significance level was fixed as p-value of <0.05. Results: A total of 68 patients were studied. Mean age of patients was 64.01±10.2 years with males predominating the population (92.6%). The most common three reasons for presentation in gastroenterology were dyspeptic symptoms 32(47%), evaluation of anaemia 12 (17.6%), and history of malena 10(14.7%). Prevalence of diabetes was significantly less in patients with GJ (2.9% vs 22%). Obesity and dyslipidemia was also common in patients without GJ (7.3%), with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Prevalence of obesity, DM and dyslipidemia is significantly lower in patients with GJ.

Patients’ beliefs towards generic medicines in the United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
pp. 3343-3346
Author(s):  
Imen Guella ◽  
Nageeb Hassan ◽  
Moyad Shahwan ◽  
Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi ◽  
Sahab Alkhoujah
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Generic Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Generic Medicines ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objectives: Patients play an important role in activating the generic medicine policy as their acceptance of it reported as an essential factor. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the beliefs of patients in the UAE towards generic medicines and to identify the factors affecting their beliefs towards generic medicines. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 1st March and 1st June 2016. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 600 adult patients in Ajman and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® (IBM SPSS) version 21 for Windows. Results: 500 patients participated in this study. The findings of this study found that 44% of patients understand the difference between generic and branded medicines. The majority of patients in this study didn’t know that the efficacy and safety of generic medicines are the same as branded medicines. The majority of patients in this study were not familiar with the similarity and differences between generic medicines and branded medicines. Conclusion: The current study found that the patients had negative beliefs towards generic medicines. The findings of this study found that the following factors contributed to the patients’ beliefs towards generic medicines: gender, age, education level, and monthly income.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Variation in Sexual Activity and Response before and During Pregnancy among Pregnant Women in Rasht City, Northern Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Alizadeh ◽  
Hedyeh Riazi ◽  
Hamid Alavi Majd ◽  
Giti Ozgoli
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Response ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Mean

Background: Pregnancy is one of the most sensitive periods in a woman’s life, which sexual activity and intercourse are affected by the variations in physical, hormonal, and mental conditions. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the variations in sexual response before and during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women at Rasht city (northern Iran), 2018. The data were collected using the pregnancy sexual response inventory (PSRI). Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential tests by SPSS 25 at a significance level of P<0.05. Results: The mean total score of sexual activity and response of the subjects before and during pregnancy were 73.04 ± 14.81 and 46.88 ± 16.51, respectively. The variations in the total score of sexual activity and response during pregnancy decreased by 26.16 points during pregnancy compared to before pregnancy. There was a positive correlation between the number of children and the score of the variations in sexual activity and response before and during pregnancy (r=0.143). Conclusion: Couples with a higher level of education and a lower number of children had fewer variations in their sexual response. Therefore, it is possible to enhance the couples’ sexual health through encouraging them to appropriately plan for childbearing, to share the responsibilities of taking care of their children, and to continue their education at higher levels. [GMJ.2019;8:e1531]

Optimism and precautionary measures during the COVID-19 outbreak in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-992
Author(s):  
Eyal Lahav ◽  
Mosi Rosenboim ◽  
Shosh Shahrabani ◽  
Yang Song
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Compliance Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
The Government

Objective: The current study uses the unique setting created by the coronavirus crisis in China during the peak period of the pandemic to examine the behavioral factors affecting the decision of the Chinese people to adopt the precautionary actions recommended by the government. Methods: Using the social app WeChat, we conducted a cross sectional study of the Chinese people in mid-February 2020. Results: Our results show that higher levels of dispositional optimism and support for the government's actions for managing the epidemic were positively correlated with the compliance level. In addition, women and married participants were more likely to comply with the recommendations. Conclusions: Optimism and support for government actions should be considered when promoting policies related to health behavior such as social distancing.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of laparoscopic surgery among medical doctors in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 970
Author(s):  
Rex F. O. A. Ijah ◽  
Amabra Dodiyi Manuel
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The Social ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: The use of minimal access techniques to achieve similar objectives as in open surgical procedures has witnessed a steady progress in the last two decades. The efficacy and safety of this mode of surgery has long been established. Medical doctors are not only members of the society; with their level of knowledge, their opinion is a strong mirror image of the pulse of the patients they treat. Aim of the study was to ascertain the knowledge, attitude, extent of practice, and factors affecting laparoscopic surgery among medical doctors in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.Methods: A cross sectional study of four hundred and fourteen (414) practicing medical doctors was conducted. Using stratified sampling method, self-administered semi-structured questionnaires was distributed to respondents in Port Harcourt in 2018. Data obtained was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.Results: Knowledge of laparoscopic surgery among respondents was 89.6% (371). Three hundred and twelve respondents (75.4%) were willing to pay if such surgery is necessary and offered in Port Harcourt. Only 2.4%. of respondents asserted that laparoscopic surgery services are offered regularly in their hospital. Only 1 respondent (0.2%) was willing to pay ₦151,000.00 - 200,000.00 ($430 - $570) for commonly performed laparoscopic abdominal surgical procedures.Conclusions: Willingness to accept and knowledge of laparoscopic surgery was relatively high among medical doctors, hence a high prospect for laparoscopic surgery practice in Port Harcourt is therefore likely. The practice of laparoscopic surgery seems low and willingness to pay, even among doctors seem to be a challenge.

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