scholarly journals Prevalence of Obesity, Dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Gastrojejunostomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sunil Kumar ◽  
Abhishek Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Billroth Gastrojejunostomy (GJ) is less invasive surgery as compared to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), which is performed for obesity and weight loss. There is sparse data on long term metabolic effects of GJ, which was performed frequently in the past. Aim: To determine the prevalence of obesity, dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in patients that had undergone GJ. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, Government Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, India, over a period of six years. All patients with history of GJ, done in past 15 years were included in the study. Presence of obesity, DM and dyslipidemia were noted among patients and was compared with their first degree relatives. Patients with family history of diabetes and without first degree relative were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test for qualitative variables and independent t-test for quantitative variables. Significance level was fixed as p-value of <0.05. Results: A total of 68 patients were studied. Mean age of patients was 64.01±10.2 years with males predominating the population (92.6%). The most common three reasons for presentation in gastroenterology were dyspeptic symptoms 32(47%), evaluation of anaemia 12 (17.6%), and history of malena 10(14.7%). Prevalence of diabetes was significantly less in patients with GJ (2.9% vs 22%). Obesity and dyslipidemia was also common in patients without GJ (7.3%), with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Prevalence of obesity, DM and dyslipidemia is significantly lower in patients with GJ.

scholarly journals THE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Inaniya ◽  
B S Meena ◽  
Mohan Lal Meena ◽  
Aparna Sharma ◽  
Shalini Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: The present study aimed to study the demographic profile women with gestational diabetes mellitus Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur. Results: Mean age of patients was 27.68 ± 4.4 Yrs. Most of the study subjects in GDM group (54.7%) were Hindu. Study subjects in GDM group were almost equally from rural (50.7%).Most of the study subjects in both GDM group (88%) were housewives. Habit of smoking was found in only 6.7% females in GDM group. Habit of alcohol was found in 4% females in GDM group. Family history of diabetes was seen more in females with GDM (17.3%). Conclusion: This study concluded that the socio demographic factors influence the occurrence of GDM. Keywords: GDM, Age, Gravida

scholarly journals Cost of hospitalisation and length of stay due to hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Y. Naser ◽  
Hassan Alwafi ◽  
Zahra Alsairafi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalisation Cost ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients

Objective: This study aims to estimate the length of stay and hospitalisation cost of hypoglycaemia, and to identify determinants of variation in the length of stay and hospitalisation cost among individual patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using inpatients records for patients with diabetes mellitus who had been hospitalised due to hypoglycaemic events in two private hospitals in Amman, Jordan between January 2009 and May 2017. All hospitalisation costs were inflated to the equivalent costs in 2017. Hospitalisation cost was estimated from the patient’s perspective in Jordanian dinars (JOD). Descriptive analyses and correlation between sociodemographic or clinical characteristics with the cost and length of stay were explored. Predictors of hypoglycaemic hospitalisation cost and length of stay were determined using logistic regression. Results: During the study period a total of 126 patients with diabetes mellitus were hospitalised due to an incident of hypoglycaemia. The mean patient age was 64.2 (SD=19.6) years; half were male. Patients admitted for hypoglycaemia stayed in hospital for a median duration of two days (IQR=2 days). The median cost of hospitalisation for hypoglycaemia was 163.2 JOD (USD 230.1) (IQR=216.3 JOD). We found that the Glasgow coma score was positively associated with length of stay (0.345, p=0.008), and older age was correlated with higher hospitalisation cost (0.207, p=0.02). Patients with a family history of diabetes had higher hospitalisation costs and longer duration of stay (0.306 and 0.275, p<0.05). In addition, being a male patient (0.394, p<0.05) and with an absence of smoking history was associated with longer duration of stay (0.456, p<0.01), but not with higher hospitalisation cost. Conclusions: Costs associated with the incidence of hypoglycaemic events are not low and constitute a large cost component of managing and treating diabetes mellitus. Male patients and patients having a family history of diabetes should receive extra care and education on the prevention of hypoglycaemic events, and a treatment de-intensification approach should be considered if necessary, so we can prevent its associated hospitalisation costs and length of stay.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus among patients attending TB clinics in Dar es Salaam: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia J. Munseri ◽  
Henrika Kimambo ◽  
Kisali Pallangyo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background A bi-directional interaction between diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis is well established and has been likened to that between HIV and TB. Whereas HIV screening is standard of care test in sub Saharan Africa TB programs, the same is not true for diabetes mellitus (DM). Sub Saharan Africa, a region with high TB infection rates, is going through an epidemiological transition with rapidly rising prevalence of diabetes. We aimed at characterizing TB patients with DM in order to identify factors associated with TB-DM dual disease among patients attending TB clinics in Dar es Salaam. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2016 and January 2017 among patients attending TB clinics in Dar es Salaam. We collected socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements and screened for diabetes by measuring fasting blood glucose that was followed by a 2 h postprandial glucose for participants with impaired fasting blood glucose. We examined for socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with diabetes using logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 660 enrolled participants with TB, 25 (3.8%) were on treatment for diabetes while 39 (6.1%) and 147 (23%) of the remaining 635 participants were ultimately diagnosed with DM and impaired fasting blood glucose respectively. The overall prevalence of DM was 9.7% (64/660). Independent risk factors for diabetes included: age > 44 years {OR 4.52, 95% CI: [1.28–15.89]}; family history of diabetes {OR 3.42, 95% [CI 1.88–6.21]}. HIV sero-positive TB patients were less likely to have DM compared to those who were HIV sero-negative {OR 0.35, 95% CI [0.17–0.73]}. Conclusions Screening for diabetes should be advocated for TB patients aged above 44 years and/or with a family history of diabetes. HIV sero-negative TB patients were more likely to have DM compared to those who were HIV sero-positive. Further studies are needed to confirm this observation and the underlying factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence and commonest predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Saranya Nagalingam ◽  
Vaishnavi Murugaraj
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
History Of

Background: Babies born to mothers with GDM are at increased risk of complications, primarily growth abnormalities and chemical imbalances such as hypoglycemia, GDM is a reversible condition and women who have adequate control of glucose level scan effectively decrease the associated risks and give birth to healthy babies. The objective was to estimate the prevalence and the predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods: This study was conducted as a cross sectional study among the antenatal mothers at the outpatient department of the rural and urban health centers of the KG hospital and PG institute and its affiliated centers in Coimbatore. The study period was one year and during which 150 antenatal mothers participated in the study.Results: The prevalence of GDM was 76 (9%) and 74 (11%) in rural and urban health centers respectively. The maximum number of GDM Mothers to be 26-30years of age with a peak indicating 42% and 39% of GDM mothers were found to be in primigravida, 48% of GDM mothers were primipara. About 65% of GDM pre-pregnant mothers were overweight according to BMI, 53% of GDM mothers had positive family history of DM. Majority of the study population 100 (67%) had HBA1C less than 6% and the remaining 50 (33%) had more than 6% value. The variables like age, gravida, parity, family history of diabetes, pre-pregnant BMI, history of PCOS, history of hypertension, history of hypothyroidism was compared with the glycaemic status (HBA1C values) and it was found to be statistically significant at P<0.05.Conclusions: The commonest risk factors which increases the incidence of GDM were family history of diabetes mellitus, overweight pre-pregnant BMI, history of PCOS, hypothyroidism, increasing gravidity and parity respectively.

scholarly journals The Course of Parosmia Improvement in Patients with COVID-19 in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-412
Author(s):  
Doha Abo Aljadayel ◽  
Hadi Jalilvand ◽  
Mojtaba Abdi ◽  
Hesam Jahandideh
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
International Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Absolute Frequency ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

Background and Objectives: Smell disorder such as dostorted olfaction (parosmia) is one of the most common symptoms of COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the improvement of symptoms of parosmia in patients with COVID-19 in 2020. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in summer and spring of 2020 using a data collection form which was validated with Cronbach's alpha of r=0.826. The study was done in an international health center in Tehran. To report descriptive results, mean, standard deviation, absolute frequency and absolute frequency percentage, and for analysis, independent t-test and chi-square test were used using SPSS software version 16 and the significance level was considered to be 0.05. Results: In total ,350 patients participated in the study, the prevalence of parosmia in patients was 15.14% and the mean and age deviation of patients was 32.71 ± 10.93 years. There was not a significant relationship between parosmia and gender (p value=0.317), age (p value=0.271), previous history of allergic symptoms (p value=0.083), family history of the disease (p value=0.638), taste disorder (p-value=0.768), and smoking (p-value=0.558). 31 cases (58.49 % of Patients) with parosmia had complete remission within 4-6 weeks. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of olfactory disorders, especially parosmia in patients with COVID-19, parosmia and other olfactory disorders can be used to screen and triage patients with COVID-19, especially moderate and mild patients. Patients with parosmia should be followed for at least 4 to 6 weeks and if they do not recover for up to 12 weeks, they should be referred to ENT specialists for more specific measures.

scholarly journals Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An urban perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Reshma Patil ◽  
Jayashree Gothankar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Background: Diabetes mellitus is rising to an alarming epidemic level; hence, strategies formulated based on the risk factors can be helpful to curb the rising trend of the same. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus and correlate it with various risk factors and sociodemographic variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected wards under the field practice area of Urban Health Training Center of Private Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra. A total of 425 subjects aged 20 years and above residing in the study area were screened for diabetes mellitus. Risk factors such as age, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), family history of diabetes, and physical activities were recorded. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus found in this study was 9.88%. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes as age increases (age 20–34 years: 1.66%, 35–49 years: 7.53%, ≥50 years: 15.66%, and P < 0.05). Furthermore, male gender, obesity, waist circumference, WHR, and diabetes mellitus were found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: Risk factors such as rising age, family history of diabetes mellitus, lack of physical activity, and central obesity were the most common factors found in diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, lifestyle changes and awareness regarding risk factors is needed to make control over the diabetes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dyslipidaemia Using an Algorithm of Lipid Profile Measures among Newly Diagnosed Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study at Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital, Ghana

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Enoch Odame Anto ◽  
Christian Obirikorang ◽  
Max Efui Annani-Akollor ◽  
Eric Adua ◽  
Sampson Donkor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Presbyterian Hospital ◽  
History Of

Background and Objectives: Dyslipidaemia and its associated complications have been reported to increase mortality among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, there is a dearth of data on the incidence of dyslipidemia among Ghanaian patients with T2DM. This study evaluated dyslipidemia among newly diagnosed T2DM patients at Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital, Ghana. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited a total of 215 participants at the Presbyterian Hospital, Dormaa-Ghana. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to collect demographic data. Predisposing factors of dyslipidemia such as BMI, hypertension, and family history of diabetes were also obtained. Lipid profile was performed on the serum obtained from each respondent. Dyslipidaemia was defined as total cholesterol (TC) >200 mg/dL, triglyceride (TG) >150 mg/dL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) >100 mg/dL, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) <40 in males and <50 mg/dL in females. Combinations of the individual parameters of dyslipidaemia were further evaluated. Results: Of the total (215) participants, 86 (40%) were males and 129 (60%) were females, representing a ratio of 1:1.5. High total cholesterol was more prevalent in females (69.0%) than males (53.5%). Generally, dyslipidaemia was predominant among those aged >40 years, with the exception of increased LDL-c (25.1%), which was higher among the 20–40 years age group. The male participants exhibited significantly (p < 0.001) higher percentages of all combined measures of dyslipidaemia—such as high TG and reduced HDL-c (77.9%), high TG and elevated LDL-c (75.6%) and high LDL and low HDL (65.1%). BMI was significantly associated with HDL levels (p = 0.02), whereas family history of diabetes was associated with TC (p = 0.004) and TG levels (p = 0.019). Conclusion: Combined dyslipidaemia is relatively high among newly diagnosed T2DM patients in Ghana, and in those >40 years. Gender is significantly associated with combined dyslipidaemia in T2DM, and males may be at a higher risk than females. BMI and family history of diabetes are potential risk factors of dyslipidaemia in T2DM.

scholarly journals Risk of developing diabetes mellitus in primary care health users: a cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas de Oliveira Araújo ◽  
Elaine Souza e Silva ◽  
Jediane de Oliveira Mariano ◽  
Ricardo Castanho Moreira ◽  
Kelly Holanda Prezotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care Health ◽  
History Of

Objective: to identify the risk of developing diabetes mellitus among primary care users in a municipality of the Southern Brazil. Method: data were collected from October 2013 to April 2014 by applying the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score questionnaire on 189 users. Results: the majority of the interviewees presented a slight moderate to moderate risk of developing diabetes mellitus (63.5%). There was a greater prevalence of high risk among the men. The variables with a significant prevalence ratio for high risk were age, obesity, abdominal circumference, sedentarism and family history of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: the identified risk factors for diabetes reveal the importance of the health team and how it can intervene to prevent disease.

scholarly journals TYPE II DIABETICS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Azfar Farogh ◽  
Muhammad Arif Mahmood ◽  
Khalil Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of

Objectives: To determine the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis in type IIdiabetic patients. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Medicine,Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal. Period: September 2014 to March 2015. Material andmethod: Permission was taken from Institutional review board and written informed consentwas taken from every patient. Total 189 patients with type II DM (Un-controlled) having Fastingplasma glucose level ≥126mg/dl either male or female having age 35 years to 65 years wereincluded in the study. Results: Total 189 patients with type II diabetes mellitus were includedin this study. Mean age of the 50.09 ± 9.39 years. Male patients were 79 (42%) and femalepatients were 110 (58%). Insignificant association between gander and Ketoacidosis was seen.No association of family history of diabetes mellitus with Ketoacidosis was found. Conclusion:Results of this study showed that male or female can be equally victim of diabetic ketoacidosis.Diabetic ketoacidosis can be develop equally in younger or older age group. No significantdifference for the development of diabetic ketoacidosis was found between obese/non-obeseand patients with family history of diabetes or without family history of diabetes.

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