Cosmetic Outcomes of Scalp in Standard Reverse Question Mark Incision and L.G. Kempe Incision in Large Craniotomies

Background and Aim: Craniotomy is a surgery in which a flap of the skull is opened to access the affected area in the brain. Since paying attention to the aesthetic aspects of the patient’s head after surgery is very important for the patient’s mental health and social life, surgeons should try to adopt a method that minimizes damage to the scalp and follicles. Methods and Materials/Patients: In this clinical trial study, patients who were candidates for frontotemporoparietal craniotomy surgery were selected. Twenty-three selected patients were randomly divided into 2 groups consisting of a 12-member intervention group (L.G. Kempe) and an 11-member control group (Standard Reverse Question mark). Patients underwent a pre-operative biopsy of the scalp and a follow-up biopsy 6 months post-operatively. In the evaluation of aesthetic aspects, the created scar was scored using the Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale (SBSES). Patients were also directly asked about their satisfaction with the operation and the scar created. Results: In 23 patients, the results showed that patients who underwent LG Kempe incision craniotomy received significantly higher scores in SBSES scoring evaluations (P=0.005). There was no significant difference in subjective evaluations by asking patients about their satisfaction with the scar site and the operation area (P=0.75). In the analysis of post-operative hair follicle density between the 2 groups (P=0.910), general changes in pre-operative and post-operative follicle density in all samples (P= 0.657) as well as comparing the changes between 2 groups, no significant difference was found between follicular density changes between the intervention and control groups (P=0.137). Conclusion: Patients treated with L.G. Kempe incision had significantly higher SBSES scores, which can be considered an aesthetically superior method that could prevent the formation of undesirable scar.

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Effect of Auricular Acupressure on Uremic Pruritus in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/593196 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Cui-na Yan ◽

Wei-guo Yao ◽

Yi-jie Bao ◽

Xiao-jing Shi ◽

Hui Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Uremic Pruritus ◽

Auricular Acupressure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Vas Scores ◽

And Control

Background. Uremic pruritus (UP) is a common symptom in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease (ESRD).Objective. To determine the clinical efficacy of auricular acupressure therapy on pruritus in hemodialysis patients and to explore possible underlying mechanisms.Methods. Patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis at a referral medical center were recruited and assigned to intervention (n=32) and control (n=30) groups. The intervention group underwent auricular acupressure treatment three times a week for six weeks. Auricular acupressure was not applied to patients in the control group. However, tape withoutVaccariaseeds was applied to the same six auricular acupoints as the intervention group. Pruritus scores were assessed using VAS scores, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to measure levels of other possible contributory biochemical factors.Results. There was a significant difference in mean VAS scores between the postintervention and control groups during follow-up (3.844 ± 1.687 versus 5.567 ± 2.285,F=22.32,P<0.0001). Compared to the control group, serum histamine levels in the postintervention group at the six-week follow-up had decreased significantly (F=5.01,P=0.0290).Conclusion. Our findings suggest that auricular acupressure may be a useful treatment in the multidisciplinary management of UP in ESRD patients.

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Prophylactic Effect of Memantine in Docetaxel Induced Neuropathy in Patients With Breast Cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-692391/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pegah Mohammadzadeh ◽

Elnaz Shaseb ◽

Zohreh Sanaat ◽

Parvin Sarbakhsh ◽

Nasrin Gholami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Abstract Purpose Peripheral neuropathy is a complication of taxane that in severe cases can limit the optimal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of memantine in prevention of docetaxel induced peripheral neuropathy in patients with breast cancer. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 40 women between the ages of 18 and 64 years with non-metastatic breast cancer (stages I to III) were included (registry number: IRCT20160310026998N9 and registry date: 26 March 2019). All patients were treated with the AC-T regimen (with docetaxel). Patients in intervention group received memantine at a dose of 20 mg for 8 weeks at the beginning of the first cycle of docetaxel. Patients in control group did not take any medication for neuropathy prevention. To assess the neuropathy, DN4 and CTCAE questionnaires were used at baseline, one months, three months and six months after the intervention. Results The DN4 questionnaire score was remarkably less in memantine group in follow up one (p-value: 0.033) and three (p < 00.1). The CTCAE follow up score did not change during study. The Neuropathy duration and Neuropathy onset, were shown significant difference between the intervention and control groups, p = 0.050 and p = 0.001, respectively. From 40 patients, 8 (40%) in memantine group and 2 (10%) in control group, did not experience any kind of neuropathy. Conclusion Data showed that prophylactic administration of memantine 20 mg/day has been effective in prevention of severity and incidence of docetaxel induced neuropathy in patients with breast cancer.

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The Effects of Smoking-Cessation Counseling Based on the Stages-of-Change Model in Dental Patients; Semi-Experimental Study

10.21203/rs.2.10418/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Ghorbani ◽

Arezoo Ebn Ahmady ◽

Zahra Hosseini ◽

Somayyeh Azimi

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Dental Student ◽

Control Group ◽

Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽

Dental Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Abstract Background Dentists may take part in smoking cessation counseling of dental patients by using the time they are engaged in dental procedures and by emphasizing on oral manifestations of smoking. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of smoking cessation counseling by a dentist on preparation for change to quit smoking in smoker patients. Methods This study was performed on 150 smoking patients admitted to Dental School of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 75 patients. The intervention group received smoking cessation counseling by a single senior dental student. A self-administered questionnaire containing questions regarding the position of the individual in change cycle stages was completed by both intervention and control group at baseline and at one-month follow up. For statistical analysis, paired t-tests, Mann-Whitney U and multivariate linear regression models was used with a significance level of P<0.05. Results At baseline, there were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups in terms of change cycle stages of smoking cessation. Also, there was no significant difference between change cycle stages at baseline and one-month follow up in control group; but this difference in intervention group was significant (p=0.006). The proportion of patients in the pre-contemplation stage decreased by 43% while the proportion of patients in the contemplation and action stages increased by 20% and 16% respectively. Conclusions The smoking cessation counseling enhances forward movement through the stages-of-change of smoking cessation. Measurement of this movement may be an important intermediary in evaluating small clinical trials of counseling.

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The Effect of Black Tea (Camellia sinensis (L) Kuntze) on Pediatrics With Acute Nonbacterial Diarrhea

Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1177/2156587216654600 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 114-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sareh Doustfatemeh ◽

Mohammad Hadi Imanieh ◽

Abdolali Mohagheghzade ◽

Mohammad M. Zarshenas ◽

Zahra Torkamani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Treatment ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Black Tea ◽

Control Group ◽

Old Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Single Blind

We aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of black tea in pediatric patients with acute nonbacterial diarrhea. This single-blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 2 to 12-year-old patients, with acceptable criteria for acute nonbacterial diarrhea in Shiraz, Iran. In total, 120 patients took part in this study. Blocked randomization method was used to allocate them into 2 groups of intervention (black tea tablet + standard treatment) and control group (standard treatment; 60 patients in each). Frequency of defecation, volume, and consistency of stool were registered on arrival and 24 hours later. We used χ2 test, t test, and Mann-Whitney U test. After a 24-hour follow-up, the proportion of patients with formed stool was higher in the intervention group when compared with the control group ( P < .001). There was a significant difference between the mean number of defecations per 24 hours in both groups, after treatment ( P < .001). We found a possible antidiarrheal effect of black tea.

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The Effect of Teaching Palliative Care on the Self-Efficacy of Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Revista del Cuerpo Médico del HNAAA ◽

10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2019.123.530 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 201-207

Author(s):

Mahnaz Modanloo ◽

Ameneh Tazikeh-Lemeski ◽

Shohreh Kolagari

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Palliative Care ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

ABSTRACTObjetive: Determine the effect of teaching palliative care on the self-efficacy of elderly with Chronic Heart Failure. Material and Methods: This single-blind randomized clinical trial was done on patients with Chronic Heart Failure attending to the heart clinics of Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2018. 48 eligible patients with class-III were selected via convenience sampling. Patients allocated into control and intervention group randomly (n=32). Palliative care training was done for intervention group for six weeks. Data was gathered through the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) on three time points (before, immediately, and one month after intervention). Data were analyzed in SPSS-18 using independent t-test, chi-squared, Fisher's exact, and repeated-measures ANOVA with corrected Bonferroni post-hoc test. Results: Finding showed that before intervention the mean scores of self-efficacy in intervention and control group was 23.95±8.34 and 24.11±9.41, respectively. Immediate and one month after intervention it was 26.30±8.30 vs. 28.95±8.53 in intervention group and 24.68±9.32 vs. 25.53±10.39 in control group. In intervention group there was no significant difference between the mean scores of before with immediate and one month after intervention. However, there was a significant difference between the two time follow up in both intervention (p<0.0001) and control (p<0.003) groups. Conclusion: Although the education of palliative care has increased the ability to care in elderly, it seems that self-managing in complex conditions is required follow-up over time.

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The Effects of Smoking-Cessation Counseling Based on the Stages-of-Change Model in Dental Patients; Semi-Experimental Study

10.21203/rs.2.10418/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Ghorbani ◽

Arezoo Ebn Ahmady ◽

zahra hosseini ◽

Somayyeh Azimi

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Dental Student ◽

Control Group ◽

Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽

Dental Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

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The Effect of Reflexology on Lactation in Women Who Had Cesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Complementary Medicine Research ◽

10.1159/000513924 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Sevde Aksu ◽

Pelin Palas Karaca

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Breast Pain ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Right ◽

Documentation Tool ◽

And Control

Aim: The research was conducted as a randomized controlled pilot study to evaluate the effects of reflexology on lactation in mothers who delivered by cesarean section (CS). Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled experimental study was conducted with a total of 60 postpartum women in the reflexology application (n = 30) and control groups (n = 30). After the CS, the mothers in the control group were given approximately 3-h routine nursing care after recovering from the effects of anesthesia; the introductory information form was applied, and the Breastfeeding Charting System and Documentation Tool (LATCH) and visual analog scale (VAS) for the signs of the onset of lactation were implemented on the first and second days. Reflexology was applied to the women in the intervention group after an average of 3 h following the mother’s condition had become stable and she had recovered from the effects of anesthesia. Reflexology was applied a total of 20 min – 10 min for the right foot, 10 min for the left foot – twice a day with 8-h intervals on the first and second days after CS. After the last reflexology application, the LATCH and VAS for the signs of the onset of lactation were applied. Results: Of the women, 70% breastfed their babies within 60 min after delivery; 46.7% of the mothers received breastfeeding training and 81.7% needed support for breastfeeding after the CS. The LATCH breastfeeding scores of the women in the intervention group on both days were significantly higher compared to those of the women in the control group (p < 0.001). On the first day after the CS, apart from breast pain, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of breast heat and breast tension (p > 0.05). On the second day after the CS, apart from breast tension, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of breast heat and breast pain (p < 0.05). In the study, women in the intervention group were found to have higher scores in terms of all three symptoms compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In the study, it was determined that LATCH scores and signs of the onset of breastfeeding increased in the mothers who received reflexology after CS.

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Abstract P186: A Randomized Preschool Trial To Promote Cardiovascular Health In Colombia: 18 Month Follow Up.

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap186 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Jaime Céspedes ◽

German Briceño ◽

Michael Farkouh ◽

Rajesh Vedanthan ◽

Martha Leal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Educational Intervention ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Educational Programs ◽

Control Group ◽

Active Lifestyle ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Educational programs for children can increase uptake of healthy lifestyle behaviors. However, the impact of educational programs in preschool-aged children in low- and middle-income countries is not known. We conducted a five month educational intervention in preschool facilities (PF) in Bogota, Colombia, to assess changes in preschooler’s knowledge, attitudes and habits (KAH) towards healthy eating and living an active lifestyle. Methods: We conducted a cluster, randomized, controlled trial, and randomly assigned 14 PF in Bogota to a five-month educational intervention (7 PF) or to usual curriculum (7 PF). The intervention included classroom activities and use of printed material and videos. A total of 1216 pre-school children, 928 parents, and 120 teachers participated. A structured survey was used to evaluate changes in KAH with a weighted total score (WTS). The primary outcome was change in children's WTS, and the secondary outcomes were change in parents’ and teachers' WTS. The control PF were provided the intervention after the initial evaluation. To assess sustainability, we evaluated both intervention and control groups at 18 months. Results: At 6 months, children in the intervention group showed 10.9% increase in WTS vs. 5.3% in controls, p<0.001, after adjustment for cluster, sex, age and teachers' educational level. Among parents, the equivalent results were 8.9% and 3.1%, respectively, p< 0.001, and among teachers 9.4% and 2.5%, p=0.06. At the 18-month extended follow-up, both the intervention and control children showed a significant further increase in WTS, p<0.001 (Figure 1). In parents and teachers in the intervened group, there was no significant increase in WTS, p=0.7417, and p=0.1197. In the control group, there was an increase in WTS in teachers but not in parents, p=0.001, and p=0.4239. Conclusion: A preschool based intervention, aimed at changing KAH related to healthy diet and active lifestyle, is feasible, efficacious and sustainable up to 18 months in very young children in Colombia.

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Effect of implementation intention on walking in people with diabetes

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Marco Antonio Vieira da Silva ◽

Thaís Moreira São-João ◽

Marilia Estevam Cornelio ◽

Fábio Luiz Mialhe

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Intervention Strategy ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Implementation Intention ◽

Control Group ◽

Primary Health ◽

Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of implementation intentions as an intervention strategy to promote walking in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: We conducted a controlled and randomized trial, with 12 months of follow-up, involving 65 people with T2DM recruited from primary health care units and allocated them in the control group (CG, n = 32) and intervention group (IG, n = 33). The IG received the implementation intention strategy to promote walking and the CG remained in follow-up for conventional treatment in primary health care. The researchers were blinded by anthropometric measurements and the filling of the instruments. RESULTS: After twelve months of follow up, the IG presented a statistically significant increase in the leisure time physical activity when compared with the CG (p = 0.0413) and showed a significant decrease in waist circumference (p = 0.0061). No significant difference was observed regarding body mass index and glycated hemoglobin among groups. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation intention was effective in promoting walking and improving clinical indicators in adults with T2DM.

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Effectiveness of Nursing Intervention on Health Locus of Control and Self-Efficacy in Women with Gestational Diabetes

Evidence-Based Nursing Research ◽

10.47104/ebnrojs3.v3i1.188 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Sabah R. H. Ahmed ◽

Safaa G. Salem ◽

Nahed M. Saber ◽

Reda T. A. Abou Elazab ◽

Merfat M. Atia

Keyword(s):

Locus Of Control ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Health Locus Of Control ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Nursing Intervention ◽

Outpatient Clinics ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

the offspring in prenatal and postnatal periods and later life. Lack of self-care is the most important reason for mortality in diabetic patients. Self-efficacy has a significant role in enhancing successful adherence to healthy behaviors, lifestyle modifications, and diabetes control among gestational diabetes pregnant women. Aim: The current study aimed to evaluate the nursing intervention (NI) effectiveness on health locus of control (HELOC) and self-efficacy in women with gestational diabetes (GD). Methods: A quasi-experimental design (study and control group) was used. The researchers conducted this study at the Antenatal Outpatient Clinics of Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. A purposive sample of 120 women with GD was carefully chosen from the nominated setting and dispersed accidentally into two identical groups (study and control group). Three tools were used for collecting the study data: A structured self-administered questionnaire, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale-C Form, and the General Self-efficacy Scale. Results: There is a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in their internal health locus of control (HELOC) scores after the intervention, with a mean difference of 4.70 at CI 95% for the intervention group p<0.001. A non-statistically significant difference was found between the intervention group and the control group in the external health locus of control (HELOC) mean scores before and after the intervention, although there was a significant difference between the change in both groups p=0.032. Also, there is a highly statistically significant difference between the intervention group and the control group in the self-efficacy scores after the intervention in the intervention group, where p<0.001 compared to a non-significant difference between them before the intervention group intervention (p=0.555). Conclusion: The study concluded that the women with GD who attended NI sessions obtained higher HELOC scores (internal and external) and higher self-efficacy scores than those who do not. Educational nursing intervention should become a fundamental part of the total management of gestational diabetes in antenatal outpatient clinics.

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