scholarly journals Transhumanism in Analytical Prospects of Classical and Non-Classic Sociology

Discourse ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-93
Author(s):  
A. V. Shcherbina
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Classical Sociology

Introduction. The purpose of the study is to analyze and generalize the views on transhumanism (TH), presented in the modern discourse, and conceptual approaches to assessing the consequences of its spread. The relevance of the sociological analysis of TH is determined by the intensity of discussions and the inconsistency of its assessments in social media and the expert community, the growth of its international influence and the threats of the implementation of new norms set by the ideology of TH. The scientific novelty of the work consists in a typological interpretation of the concept of TH in its activity and information and communication aspects.Methodology and sources. In the work the results of studies presented in domestic and foreign publications on TH are used, as well as the materials of the public pages of the online communities Transhumanism and Transhumanism Without Borders in the social networks VKontakte and LiveJournal. Explanatory models of classical and non-classical sociology are involved: the theory of imitation of G. Tarde, the sociocultural approach of E. Durkheim, the structural-functional analysis of T. Parsons, the genealogical analysis of M. Foucault, the theory of rationality of J. Habermas. The historical-genetic method is used, which is adequate to the individualizing nature of socio-historical knowledge.Results and discussion. TH is a new global ideology that configures images of the social world dating back to archaic myths with representations of a synthetic theory of evolution, technoscience, and social philosophy. TH is an ideology adequate to the conditions that gave rise to it and a new type of social subject: weakening nation-states and the formation of the information contour of global society, a new communication infrastructure as a space for universal material and spiritual exchange, a new social subject – “communities” mobilized to fight for personal rights and self-determination in the anthropological field. The lifestyle constructed in the experimental mode is given a normative value. TH meets the imperative of globalization as a cultural ideology, since it interprets culture as a universe of methods, tools, and technologies that allow a person to rationally influence himself. Rationality in the TH is the highest value, a criterion for assessing and selecting the normative constructions of the future, developed by communities (minorities), which are underlined by features of ethnicity and cultural and historical identity.Critical arguments and polemics with TH in religious discourse are examined. The ideological status of TH is discussed. There is a radicalization in the TH of the ideas of liberalism and communism. TH is being studied as a platform uniting the ideological subcultures of communities oriented toward “rationality”, the analysis of which draws on the potential of non-classical sociology.Conclusion. TH is a utopia in a specific sense: it is a socio-anthropological practice, represented in the theoretical consciousness as an image of the future, and in practical terms as an experimental present. We must evaluate the social consequences of the spread of the ideology of TH at the same time by methods of historical analysis and futuristic modeling.

SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF ECONOMIC WARFARE

2012 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-64
Author(s):  
Alina BOMBA ◽  
Paweł KUBISIAK
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Economic Warfare

The article presents definitional issues as well as the objectives and tools associated with the concept of economic warfare. It also highlights the changes in the existing approach to the issue of economic warfare. The topics presented as a conflict occurring nowadays in the relations between states and countries as well as other participants in international relations. Furthermore, an attempt was made to analyze the social consequences arising from the usage of the measures of economic warfare. Additionally, the authors show the forecast of the future trends of the issues discussed.

The Utopian, the Dystopian, and the Heroic Deeds of One

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Schmeink
Keyword(s):  
War On Terror ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Future ◽  
Present Possibility

Chapter 6 discusses the TV series Heroes as more optimistic in its depiction of the social consequences of posthuman evolution than the other texts analyzed. The show's premise of posthumanity as a result of evolutionary mutation reflects radical changes in subjectivity not onto an elite few, as in classic superhero narratives, but onto the everyday man. The series consequently emphasizes the potential of the posthuman condition as a catalyst for global social and political change – a solution to the 'big issues' that elude the current institutions of power. The posthuman becomes the site of struggle over the potential changes to the future, in effect over the concept of utopia. In contrasting dystopian futures with the present possibility of change through posthumanity, the show allows a utopian space to emerge, in which global issues such as the war on terror can be solved and attacks such as those on 9/11 could be prevented. In this, Heroes returns to humanist notions and concepts of history as events shaped by exceptional individuals, while at the same time complicating them with communal images of a cooperative and interconnected posthuman subjectivity.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the future of international trade

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
O. Vikulova ◽  
D. Gornostaeva
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Based on the latest foreign sources, the article examines the impact of Artifi cial Intelligence and related robotics and automatization on the global economy, international trade, global value chains, the motivation and activities of companies, especially TNCs, the activities of the WTO, as well as the social consequences of these processes.

The Sociological Idea of the State: Legal Education, Austrian Multinationalism, and the Future of Continental Empire, 1880–1914

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-358
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Prendergast
Keyword(s):  
Science Curriculum ◽  
World Order ◽  
The State ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Social ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Future ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Stability

AbstractIf historians now recognize that the Habsburg Monarchy was developing into a strong, cohesive state in the decades before the First World War, they have yet to fully examine contemporaneous European debates about Austria's legitimacy and place in the future world order. As the intertwined fields of law and social science began during this period to elaborate a binary distinction between “modern” nation-states and “archaic” multinational “empires,” Austria, like other composite monarchies, found itself searching for a legally and scientifically valid justification for its continued existence. This article argues that Austrian sociology provided such a justification and was used to articulate a defense of the Habsburg Monarchy and other supposedly “abnormal” multinational states. While the birth of the social sciences is typically associated with Germany and France, a turn to sociology also occurred in the late Habsburg Monarchy, spurred by legal scholars who feared that the increasingly hegemonic idea of nation-based sovereignty threatened the stability of the pluralistic Austrian state. Proponents of the “sociological idea of the state,” notably the sociologist, politician, and later president of Czechoslovakia Tomáš Masaryk and the Polish-Jewish sociologist and jurist Ludwig Gumplowicz, challenged the concept of statehood advanced by mainstream Western European legal philosophy and called for a reform of Austria's law and political science curriculum. I reveal how, more than a century before the “imperial turn,” Habsburg actors came to reject the emerging scholarly distinction between “nations” and “empires” and fought, with considerable success, to institutionalize an alternative to nationalist social scientific discourse.

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI ILMU KALAM/FILSAFAT ISLAM DALAM PEMBANGUNAN KARAKTER BANGSA

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

The trend of Islamic sciences in the future, especially kalam Science/Islamic philosophy is a religion sciences that haveto interact and dialogue with modern science, the social sciences and humanities. If scientific Kalam and IslamicPhilosophy felt enough with himself (al-muhafadzah ala al-qadim al-shlih), refusing to touch and connect with otherscientific (wa al-akhdz bi al- jadid al-ashlah), then there is no future can be expected, morever their contribution to thedevelopment of the nations character. This paper describes the themes of what is required to form the new religious(Islamic) worldview that can contribute to the development of the nations character. Islamic sciences requires freshijtihad to deal with the contemporary of life, it is not enough just to repeating the experience of the past without lookinghow the development of the present and the future. Past (al-turts) is still needed, but also needed a paradigm shifttowards the present (al-hadtsah) in view of the contemporary religious and solve problems, especially those related tothe issue of character development in the format state of the nation (nation-states).

scholarly journals Introduction: Global Challenges for Sociology

Sociology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurminder K Bhambra ◽  
Boaventura de Sousa Santos
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Classical Sociology

With the 50th anniversary of the journal, this special issue takes stock of the progress that has been made within sociology to become a more globally oriented discipline and discusses the new challenges for the future that emerge as a consequence. From its inception, classical sociology was primarily concerned with the European origins of processes of modernity that were to become global. There was little discussion of how the global might be understood in terms of structures, processes and social movements not directly identified as European but nonetheless contributing to modernity. The challenge for sociology has been to take into account these other phenomena and to rethink its core categories and concepts in light of newly understood alternative formations of the global and the social movements that bring them about.

Social Consequences of Vesico-Vaginal Fistula in Northern Nigeria

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Social Consequences ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Subsistence Farming ◽  
Vaginal Fistula ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Vesico Vaginal Fistula

SummaryThe social consequences to the patient who suffers from vesico-vaginal fistula are discussed. Patients are mainly young, come from subsistence farming backgrounds, are often considered to have brought shame on their families, and frequently lose their husband's support, especially if their condition is of long standing. In a society that places a high value on childbearing they have little hope for the future.

scholarly journals The Religious Situation in the Philippines: Social and Historical Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-188
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Сергеевич Семененко
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Underlying Causes

Цель исследования - выявить социальный и исторический контекст, который влияет на религиозную ситуацию на Филиппинах в настоящее время. Обозначены исторические предпосылки появления католичества и православия в этом государстве, выявлены причины исламских восстаний и террористических атак, появления аглипайской церкви и распространения протестантских ересей. Научная новизна работы заключается в систематизации основополагающих причин религиозной обстановки настоящего времени на Филиппинах, а также во введении в научный обиход цифр из государственной статистики Филиппин, данных из ежегодных отчётов США о религиозном составе и из других иностранных источников, поскольку материалов о конфессиональном составе на русском языке довольно мало. Делается вывод о пёстрой религиозной ситуации на Филиппинах с конкретизацией положения основных вероисповеданий. Objective of the study: to identify the social and historical context that influences the religious situation of the Philippines at the present time. The historical context of the emergence of Catholicism in the Philippines is outlined, the reasons for Islamic uprisings and terrorist attacks, the emergence of the Aglipay Church and the spread of Protestant heresies are identified. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the systematization of the underlying causes of the religious situation of the present time in the Philippines. As a result, the author highlighted the religious subtext of those phenomena and events of the religious life of the population of the Philippines that affect the present and the future.

scholarly journals Short-sighted Greed? Focusing on the Future Promotes Reputation-based Generosity (trans. Maria Yu. Beletskaya)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-73
Author(s):  
H. Sjåstad
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Dictator Game ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Causal Connection ◽  
Central Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Positive Effect

Long-term thinking and voluntary resource sharing are two distinctive traits of human nature. Across three experiments (N=1,082), I propose a causal connection: Sometimes people are generous because they think about the future. Participants were randomly assigned to either focus on the present or the future and then made specific decisions in hypothetical scenarios. In Study 1 (N=200), future-focused participants shared more money in a public dictator game than present-focused participants (+39%), and they were willing to donate more money to charity (+61%). Study 2 (N=410) replicated the positive effect of future-focus on dictator giving when the choice was framed as public (+36%), but found no such effect when the choice was framed as private. That is, focusing on the future made participants more generous only when others would know their identity. Study 3 was a high-powered and pre-registered replication of Study 1 (N=472), including a few extensions. Once again, future-focused participants gave more money to charity in a public donation scenario (+40%), and they were more likely to volunteer for the same charity (+17%). As predicted, the effect was mediated by reputational concern, indicating that future-orientation can make people more generous because it also makes them more attuned to the social consequences of their choices. Taken together, the results suggest that focusing on the future promotes reputation-based generosity. By stimulating voluntary resource sharing, a central function of human foresight might be to support cooperation in groups and society.   

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