scholarly journals Recombinant Antibodies to the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein

Acta Naturae ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
A. A. Panina ◽  
I. G. Dementieva ◽  
T. K. Aliev ◽  
V. A. Toporova ◽  
D. S. Balabashin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Recombinant Antibodies ◽  
Eukaryotic Expression ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Viral Glycoprotein ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Key Factor

Currently, there are no approved therapies for targeted prevention and treatment of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. In the present work, we describe the development of a eukaryotic expression system for the production of three full-length chimeric antibodies (IgG1-kappa isotypes) GPE118, GPE325, and GPE534 to the recombinant glycoprotein of the Ebola virus (EBOV GP), which is a key factor in the pathogenicity of the disease. The immunochemical properties of the obtained antibodies were studied by immunoblotting and indirect, direct, and competitive ELISA using the recombinant EBOV proteins rGPdTM, NP, and VP40. The authenticity of the antibodies and the absence of cross-specificity with respect to the structural proteins NP and VP40 of the Ebola virus were proved. The epitope specificity of the resulting recombinant antibodies was studied using commercial neutralizing antibodies against the viral glycoprotein. The recombinant antibodies GPE118, GPE325, and GPE534 were shown to recognize glycoprotein epitopes that coincide or overlap with the epitopes of three well-studied neutralizing anti-Ebola virus antibodies.

scholarly journals SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF THE EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN WEST AFRICA IN 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W7 ◽  
pp. 1413-1417
Author(s):  
M. Xu ◽  
C. X. Cao ◽  
H. F. Guo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Time Space

Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) is an acute hemorrhagic diseases caused by the Ebola virus, which is highly contagious. This paper aimed to explore the possible gathering area of EHF cases in West Africa in 2014, and identify endemic areas and their tendency by means of time-space analysis. We mapped distribution of EHF incidences and explored statistically significant space, time and space-time disease clusters. We utilized hotspot analysis to find the spatial clustering pattern on the basis of the actual outbreak cases. spatial-temporal cluster analysis is used to analyze the spatial or temporal distribution of agglomeration disease, examine whether its distribution is statistically significant. Local clusters were investigated using Kulldorff’s scan statistic approach. The result reveals that the epidemic mainly gathered in the western part of Africa near north Atlantic with obvious regional distribution. For the current epidemic, we have found areas in high incidence of EVD by means of spatial cluster analysis.

scholarly journals Ocular Manifestations of Ebola Virus Disease: An Ophthalmologist’s Guide to Prevent Infection and Panic

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Maria Vingolo ◽  
Giuseppe Alessio Messano ◽  
Serena Fragiotta ◽  
Leopoldo Spadea ◽  
Stefano Petti
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Moment

Ebola virus disease (EVD—formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever) is a severe hemorrhagic fever caused by lipid-enveloped, nonsegmented, negative-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the genusEbolavirus. Case fatality rates may reach up to 76% of infected individuals, making this infection a deadly health problem in the sub-Saharan population. At the moment, there are still no indications on ophthalmological clinical signs and security suggestions for healthcare professionals (doctors and nurses or cooperative persons). This paper provides a short but complete guide to reduce infection risks.

scholarly journals Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vector Mediates Postexposure Protection against Sudan Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever in Nonhuman Primates

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 5664-5668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Geisbert ◽  
Kathleen M. Daddario-DiCaprio ◽  
Kinola J. N. Williams ◽  
Joan B. Geisbert ◽  
Anders Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Marburg Virus ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Zaire Ebolavirus ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis

ABSTRACT Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vectors expressing homologous filoviral glycoproteins can completely protect rhesus monkeys against Marburg virus when administered after exposure and can partially protect macaques after challenge with Zaire ebolavirus. Here, we administered a VSV vector expressing the Sudan ebolavirus (SEBOV) glycoprotein to four rhesus macaques shortly after exposure to SEBOV. All four animals survived SEBOV challenge, while a control animal that received a nonspecific vector developed fulminant SEBOV hemorrhagic fever and succumbed. This is the first demonstration of complete postexposure protection against an Ebola virus in nonhuman primates and provides further evidence that postexposure vaccination may have utility in treating exposures to filoviruses.

scholarly journals A Novel Immunohistochemical Assay for the Detection of Ebola Virus in Skin: Implications for Diagnosis, Spread, and Surveillance of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

1999 ◽  
Vol 179 (s1) ◽  
pp. S36-S47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif R. Zaki ◽  
Wun‐Ju Shieh ◽  
Patricia W. Greer ◽  
Cynthia S. Goldsmith ◽  
Tara Ferebee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Immunohistochemical Assay ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

scholarly journals Induction of Immune Responses in Mice and Monkeys to Ebola Virus after Immunization with Liposome-Encapsulated Irradiated Ebola Virus: Protection in Mice Requires CD4+ T Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (18) ◽  
pp. 9176-9185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangala Rao ◽  
Mike Bray ◽  
Carl R. Alving ◽  
Peter Jahrling ◽  
Gary R. Matyas
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Surface Glycoprotein ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody Treatment

ABSTRACT Ebola Zaire virus (EBO-Z) causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans, with a high mortality rate. It is thought that a vaccine against EBO-Z may have to induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to successfully confer protection. Because it is known that liposome-encapsulated antigens induce both antibody and cellular responses, we evaluated the protective efficacy of liposome-encapsulated irradiated EBO-Z [L(EV)], which contains all of the native EBO-Z proteins. In a series of experiments, mice immunized intravenously with L(EV) were completely protected (94/94 mice) against illness and death when they were challenged with a uniformly lethal mouse-adapted variant of EBO-Z. In contrast, only 55% of mice immunized intravenously with nonencapsulated irradiated virus (EV) survived challenge, and all became ill. Treatment with anti-CD4 antibodies before or during immunization with L(EV) eliminated protection, while treatment with anti-CD8 antibodies had no effect, thus indicating a requirement for CD4+ T lymphocytes for successful immunization. On the other hand, treatment with either anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 antibodies after immunization did not abolish the protection. After immunization with L(EV), antigen-specific gamma interferon (IFNγ)-secreting CD4+ T lymphocytes were induced as analyzed by enzyme-linked immunospot assay. Anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody treatment abolished IFNγ production (80 to 90% inhibition compared to that for untreated mice). Mice immunized with L(EV), but not EV, developed cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific to two peptides (amino acids [aa] 161 to 169 and aa 231 to 239) present in the amino-terminal end of the EBO-Z surface glycoprotein. Because of the highly successful results in the mouse model, L(EV) was also tested in three cynomolgus monkeys. Although immunization of the monkeys with L(EV)-induced virus-neutralizing antibodies against EBO-Z caused a slight delay in the onset of illness, it did not prevent death.

scholarly journals Ebola Virus: Immune Mechanisms of Protection and Vaccine Development

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeline M. Nyamathi ◽  
John L. Fahey ◽  
Heather Sands ◽  
Adrian M. Casillas
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Human Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Virus Surface ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

Vaccination is one of our most powerful antiviral strategies. Despite the emergence of deadly viruses such as Ebola virus, vaccination efforts have focused mainly on childhood communicable diseases. Although Ebola virus was once believed to be limited to isolated outbreaks in distant lands, forces of globalization potentiate outbreaks anywhere in the world through incidental transmission. Moreover, since this virus has already been transformed into weapongrade material, the potential exists for it to be used as a biological weapon with catastrophic consequences for any population vulnerable to attack. Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) is a syndrome that can rapidly lead to death within days of symptom onset. The disease directly affects the immune system and vascular bed, with correspondingly high mortality rates. Patients with severe disease produce dangerously high levels of inflammatory cytokines, which destroy normal tissue and microcirculation, leading to profound capillary leakage, renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Vaccine development has been fraught with obstacles, primarily of a biosafety nature. Case reports of acutely ill patients with EHF showing improvement with the transfusion of convalescent plasma are at odds with animal studies demonstrating further viral replication with the same treatment. Using mRNA extracted from bone marrow of Ebola survivors, human monoclonal antibodies against Ebola virus surface protein have been experimentally produced and now raise the hope for the development of a safe vaccine.

scholarly journals Passive Transfer of Antibodies Protects Immunocompetent and Immunodeficient Mice against Lethal Ebola Virus Infection without Complete Inhibition of Viral Replication

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 4649-4654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Gupta ◽  
Siddhartha Mahanty ◽  
Mike Bray ◽  
Rafi Ahmed ◽  
Pierre E. Rollin
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a severe, usually fatal illness caused by Ebola virus, a member of the filovirus family. The use of nonhomologous immune serum in animal studies and blood from survivors in two anecdotal reports of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in humans has shown promise, but the efficacy of these treatments has not been demonstrated definitively. We have evaluated the protective efficacy of polyclonal immune serum in a mouse model of Ebola virus infection. Our results demonstrate that mice infected subcutaneously with live Ebola virus survive infection and generate high levels of anti-Ebola virus immunoglobulin G (IgG). Passive transfer of immune serum from these mice before challenge protected upto 100% of naive mice against lethal Ebola virus infection. Protection correlated with the level of anti-Ebola virus IgG titers, and passive treatment with high-titer antiserum was associated with a delay in the peak of viral replication. Transfer of immune serum to SCID mice resulted in 100% survival after lethal challenge with Ebola virus, indicating that antibodies alone can protect from lethal disease. Thus antibodies suppress or delay viral growth, provide protection against lethal Ebola virus infection, and may not require participation of other immune components for protection.

scholarly journals A THEORETICAL STUDY ON FRACTIONAL EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC FEVER MODEL

Fractals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAHER MOMANI ◽  
R. P. CHAUHAN ◽  
SUNIL KUMAR ◽  
SAMIR HADID
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Conformable Derivatives ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

The Ebola virus infection (EVI), generally known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a major health concern. The occasional outbreaks of virus occur primarily in certain parts of Africa. Many researches have been devoted to the study of the Ebola virus disease. In this paper, we have taken susceptible-infected-recovered-deceased-environment (SIRDP) system to investigate the dynamics of Ebola virus infection. We adopted fractional operators for a better illustration of model dynamics and memory effects. Initially, the Ebola disease model is modified with Caputo–Fabrizio arbitrary operator in Caputo sense (CFC) and we employed the fixed-point results for the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the fractional system. Further, we adopted the arbitrary fractional conformable and [Formula: see text]-conformable derivatives to the alternative representation of the model. For the numerical approximation of the system, we show a numerical technique based on the fundamental theorem of fractional calculus for CFC derivative and a numerical scheme called the Adams–Moulton for conformable derivatives. Finally, for the validation of theoretical results, the numerical simulations are displayed.

Letter-to-Editor II

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Ayush Agarwal ◽  
Omkar Singh ◽  
VK Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

ABSTRACT • Ebola virus disease (EVD), also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often fatal illness of human beings having a case fatality rate of up to 90%. • Ebola virus disease outbreaks occur primarily in remote Central and West Africa, near the tropical rainforests. • The virus is transmitted to humans from wild animals and spreads in the human beings through physical contact. • It does not transmit through vectors or air-borne droplets. • Severely ill patients require intensive supportive care. No specific treatment or vaccine is available for use.

scholarly journals Research progress Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever vaccine

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Yunpeng Wang ◽  
Yuchen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Virus Family ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Great Progress

<p>Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a potent infectious disease by Ebola virus caused 90% mortality rate. Ebola virus was first isolated in 1976 by, for single-stranded negative segment, non-segmented, enveloped RNA viruses belonging to filamentous virus family. Ebola virus can be divided into five different subtypes. Vaccination is the most conventional and effective prevention and infection control methods in recent years. It has made great progress in the study on the vaccine for Ebola virus. In this paper, research progress Ebola hemorrhagic fever vaccine was reviewed.</p>

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