scholarly journals A THEORETICAL STUDY ON FRACTIONAL EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC FEVER MODEL

Fractals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAHER MOMANI ◽  
R. P. CHAUHAN ◽  
SUNIL KUMAR ◽  
SAMIR HADID
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Conformable Derivatives ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

The Ebola virus infection (EVI), generally known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a major health concern. The occasional outbreaks of virus occur primarily in certain parts of Africa. Many researches have been devoted to the study of the Ebola virus disease. In this paper, we have taken susceptible-infected-recovered-deceased-environment (SIRDP) system to investigate the dynamics of Ebola virus infection. We adopted fractional operators for a better illustration of model dynamics and memory effects. Initially, the Ebola disease model is modified with Caputo–Fabrizio arbitrary operator in Caputo sense (CFC) and we employed the fixed-point results for the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the fractional system. Further, we adopted the arbitrary fractional conformable and [Formula: see text]-conformable derivatives to the alternative representation of the model. For the numerical approximation of the system, we show a numerical technique based on the fundamental theorem of fractional calculus for CFC derivative and a numerical scheme called the Adams–Moulton for conformable derivatives. Finally, for the validation of theoretical results, the numerical simulations are displayed.

scholarly journals Passive Transfer of Antibodies Protects Immunocompetent and Immunodeficient Mice against Lethal Ebola Virus Infection without Complete Inhibition of Viral Replication

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 4649-4654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Gupta ◽  
Siddhartha Mahanty ◽  
Mike Bray ◽  
Rafi Ahmed ◽  
Pierre E. Rollin
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a severe, usually fatal illness caused by Ebola virus, a member of the filovirus family. The use of nonhomologous immune serum in animal studies and blood from survivors in two anecdotal reports of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in humans has shown promise, but the efficacy of these treatments has not been demonstrated definitively. We have evaluated the protective efficacy of polyclonal immune serum in a mouse model of Ebola virus infection. Our results demonstrate that mice infected subcutaneously with live Ebola virus survive infection and generate high levels of anti-Ebola virus immunoglobulin G (IgG). Passive transfer of immune serum from these mice before challenge protected upto 100% of naive mice against lethal Ebola virus infection. Protection correlated with the level of anti-Ebola virus IgG titers, and passive treatment with high-titer antiserum was associated with a delay in the peak of viral replication. Transfer of immune serum to SCID mice resulted in 100% survival after lethal challenge with Ebola virus, indicating that antibodies alone can protect from lethal disease. Thus antibodies suppress or delay viral growth, provide protection against lethal Ebola virus infection, and may not require participation of other immune components for protection.

scholarly journals PENYAKIT VIRUS EBOLA

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Henny Elfira Yanti ◽  
Aryati Aryati
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

Ebola virus disease has known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) is an acute viral syndrome characterized by fever and bleeding witha high mortality rate in humans and non human (primates). The current outbreak inWestern Africa is the largest ebola outbreak since theebola virus was first discovered in 1976. The first EHF case that reemerged back in Africa occurred in March 2014 and in Desember 29th2014 had been revealed 20,153 cases and 7,883 deaths. The virus is transmitted from wild animals and spread in the human populationthrough human –to -human transmission. Ebola virus infection is characterized by immunosuppression and systemic inflammatoryresponse. Both condition cause the damage of blood vessels, coagulation and disorders of the immune system, leading to multiple organfailure and shock. Until now there are no ebola standards treatment guidelines. However, the life survival increased with early supportivecare such as rehydration and symptomatic treatment.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Ebola virus infection in Bombali District, Sierra Leone

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadege Goumkwa Mafopa ◽  
Gianluca Russo ◽  
Raoul Emeric Guetiya Wadoum ◽  
Emmanuel Iwerima ◽  
Vincent Batwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Efficient Immune Response ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

A serosurvey of anti-Ebola Zaire virus nucleoprotein IgG prevalence was carried out among Ebola virus disease survivors and their Community Contacts in Bombali District, Sierra Leone. Our data suggest that the specie of Ebola virus (Zaire) responsible of the 2013-2016 epidemic in West Africa may cause mild or asymptomatic infection in a proportion of cases, possibly due to an efficient immune response.

scholarly journals Ebola Virus Ribonucleic Acid Detection in Semen More Than Two Years After Resolution of Acute Ebola Virus Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
William A Fischer ◽  
Jerry Brown ◽  
David Alain Wohl ◽  
Amy James Loftis ◽  
Sam Tozay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Positive Specimen ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

Abstract Among 149 men who survived Ebola virus disease (EVD) and donated semen 260–1016 days after EVD onset, Ebola virus (EBOV) ribonucleic acid (RNA) was detected in 13 (9%). Of 137 men who donated semen 2 years after EVD onset, 11 (8%) had an EBOV RNA-positive specimen. The mechanism underlying the persistence of EBOV RNA in semen is unclear, and it is unclear whether the detection of viral RNA represents the presence of infectious virus.

scholarly journals Ocular Manifestations of Ebola Virus Disease: An Ophthalmologist’s Guide to Prevent Infection and Panic

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Maria Vingolo ◽  
Giuseppe Alessio Messano ◽  
Serena Fragiotta ◽  
Leopoldo Spadea ◽  
Stefano Petti
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Moment

Ebola virus disease (EVD—formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever) is a severe hemorrhagic fever caused by lipid-enveloped, nonsegmented, negative-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the genusEbolavirus. Case fatality rates may reach up to 76% of infected individuals, making this infection a deadly health problem in the sub-Saharan population. At the moment, there are still no indications on ophthalmological clinical signs and security suggestions for healthcare professionals (doctors and nurses or cooperative persons). This paper provides a short but complete guide to reduce infection risks.

Letter-to-Editor II

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Ayush Agarwal ◽  
Omkar Singh ◽  
VK Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Ebola Virus Disease ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

ABSTRACT • Ebola virus disease (EVD), also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often fatal illness of human beings having a case fatality rate of up to 90%. • Ebola virus disease outbreaks occur primarily in remote Central and West Africa, near the tropical rainforests. • The virus is transmitted to humans from wild animals and spreads in the human beings through physical contact. • It does not transmit through vectors or air-borne droplets. • Severely ill patients require intensive supportive care. No specific treatment or vaccine is available for use.

Outbreak of Ebola Virus Infection: A Public Health Concern in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

No AbstractDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jcamr.v1i2.20512 Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research Vol.1(2) 2014: 23-24

scholarly journals Virtual screen for repurposing approved and experimental drugs for candidate inhibitors of EBOLA virus infection

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veljko Veljkovic ◽  
Philippe M. Loiseau ◽  
Bruno Figadere ◽  
Sanja Glisic ◽  
Nevena Veljkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Screening ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Virtual Screen ◽  
Experimental Drugs ◽  
Theoretical Criterion ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Molecular Libraries ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

The ongoing Ebola virus epidemic has presented numerous challenges with respect to control and treatment because there are no approved drugs or vaccines for the Ebola virus disease (EVD). Herein is proposed simple theoretical criterion for fast virtual screening of molecular libraries for candidate inhibitors of Ebola virus infection. We performed a repurposing screen of 6438 drugs from DrugBank using this criterion and selected 267 approved and 382 experimental drugs as candidates for treatment of EVD including 15 anti-malarial drugs and 32 antibiotics. An open source Web server allowing screening of molecular libraries for candidate drugs for treatment of EVD was also established.

scholarly journals Involvement of Surfactant Protein D in Ebola Virus Infection Enhancement via Glycoprotein Interaction

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Laure Favier ◽  
Olivier Reynard ◽  
Evelyne Gout ◽  
Martin van Eijk ◽  
Henk P. Haagsman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Surfactant Protein D ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

Since the largest 2014–2016 Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa, understanding of Ebola virus infection has improved, notably the involvement of innate immune mediators. Amongst them, collectins are important players in the antiviral innate immune defense. A screening of Ebola glycoprotein (GP)-collectins interactions revealed the specific interaction of human surfactant protein D (hSP-D), a lectin expressed in lung and liver, two compartments where Ebola was found in vivo. Further analyses have demonstrated an involvement of hSP-D in the enhancement of virus infection in several in vitro models. Similar effects were observed for porcine SP-D (pSP-D). In addition, both hSP-D and pSP-D interacted with Reston virus (RESTV) GP and enhanced pseudoviral infection in pulmonary cells. Thus, our study reveals a novel partner of Ebola GP that may participate to enhance viral spread.

scholarly journals Identification of Protective Epitopes on Ebola Virus Glycoprotein at the Single Amino Acid Level by Using Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Viruses

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 1069-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayato Takada ◽  
Heinz Feldmann ◽  
Ute Stroeher ◽  
Mike Bray ◽  
Shinji Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Virus Glycoprotein ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Ebola Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Ebola virus causes lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans, but currently there are no effective vaccines or antiviral compounds for this infectious disease. Passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) protects mice from lethal Ebola virus infection (J. A. Wilson, M. Hevey, R. Bakken, S. Guest, M. Bray, A. L. Schmaljohn, and M. K. Hart, Science 287:1664-1666, 2000). However, the epitopes responsible for neutralization have been only partially characterized because some of the MAbs do not recognize the short synthetic peptides used for epitope mapping. To identify the amino acids recognized by neutralizing and protective antibodies, we generated a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) containing the Ebola virus glycoprotein-encoding gene instead of the VSV G protein-encoding gene and used it to select escape variants by growing it in the presence of a MAb (133/3.16 or 226/8.1) that neutralizes the infectivity of the virus. All three variants selected by MAb 133/3.16 contained a single amino acid substitution at amino acid position 549 in the GP2 subunit. By contrast, MAb 226/8.1 selected three different variants containing substitutions at positions 134, 194, and 199 in the GP1 subunit, suggesting that this antibody recognized a conformational epitope. Passive transfer of each of these MAbs completely protected mice from a lethal Ebola virus infection. These data indicate that neutralizing antibody cocktails for passive prophylaxis and therapy of Ebola hemorrhagic fever can reduce the possibility of the emergence of antigenic variants in infected individuals.

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