On the Role of Big Business in the Modern Russian Economy (A Comment on the World Bank Report)

2004 ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Klepach ◽  
A. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
World Bank Report ◽  
The World ◽  
Small Economy ◽  
And Control

The paper considers critically the methodology and main conclusions of the World Bank study on the concentration of ownership and control in the Russian economy. The authors discuss methodological problems of the study and stress its importance for understanding trends of economic development in Russia in the last years. At the same time the risks of market monopolization and "state capture" by the biggest private companies are overestimated in the World Bank report. Recent economic growth has been closely connected with the activity of leading financial-industrial groups. For successful economic development Russia — as a big country but a small economy — needs new large companies able to compete in the global market. For "growing" of such businesses the country requires institutions of development and new industrial policy taking into account successful experience of the middle-income countries like Chile, Israel, Mexico, Brazil, South Korea.

scholarly journals Population cluster data to assess the urban-rural split and electrification in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Khavari ◽  
Alexandros Korkovelos ◽  
Andreas Sahlberg ◽  
Mark Howells ◽  
Francesco Fuso Nerini
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Disease Response ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Urban Rural

AbstractHuman settlements are usually nucleated around manmade central points or distinctive natural features, forming clusters that vary in shape and size. However, population distribution in geo-sciences is often represented in the form of pixelated rasters. Rasters indicate population density at predefined spatial resolutions, but are unable to capture the actual shape or size of settlements. Here we suggest a methodology that translates high-resolution raster population data into vector-based population clusters. We use open-source data and develop an open-access algorithm tailored for low and middle-income countries with data scarcity issues. Each cluster includes unique characteristics indicating population, electrification rate and urban-rural categorization. Results are validated against national electrification rates provided by the World Bank and data from selected Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). We find that our modeled national electrification rates are consistent with the rates reported by the World Bank, while the modeled urban/rural classification has 88% accuracy. By delineating settlements, this dataset can complement existing raster population data in studies such as energy planning, urban planning and disease response.

THE WORLD BANK ABOUT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT: THE EVOLUTION OF APPROACHES

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Olga Pryazhnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Global Agenda

The World Bank has made an important contribution to shaping the global agenda for reducing poverty, increasing prosperity and promoting sustainable development. The review examines the main milestones in changes of the World Bank’s activities in the field of social development. The evolution of the organization’s approaches to solving the problem of poverty reduction as one of the key obstacles to socio-economic development is outlined.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE POSSIBILITY OF A MIDDLE-INCOME TRAP IN TURKEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-348
Author(s):  
Ali Cem ÖZTÜRK ◽  
Burcu YAVUZ TİFTİKÇİGİL
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Middle Income Group ◽  
Middle Income Trap ◽  
Atlas Method

Turkey has been under the middle-income country category according to the income category classification of the World Bank. Turkey promoted to high-middle-income group in 2005 after spending more than 50 years in lower-middle-income group. The purpose of this study is to identify the presence of middle-income trap in Turkey. The study brings together the most recent theoretical studies from different perspectives with respect to the presence of MIT in Turkey along with Robertson and Ye approach in the empirical phase. Within the context of this study, structural break unit root test using current data obtained through the Atlas method is applied in order to evaluate Turkey’s middle-income trap status. The GNI per capita Atlas Method (current US $) data of the World Bank for the years 1967-2016 are used in the study. The empirical analysis briefly showed that Turkey is not in the MIT.

scholarly journals The Effect of Globalization on Economic Development Indicators: An Inter-Regional Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Antonio Martín Cervantes ◽  
Nuria Rueda López ◽  
Salvador Cruz Rambaud
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Institute ◽  
Double Character

Background: The analysis of the problems derived from globalization has become one of the most densely studied topics at the beginning of this millennium, as they can have a crucial impact on present and future sustainable development. This paper analyzes the differential patterns of globalization in four worldwide areas predefined by The World Bank (namely, High-, Upper-Middle-, Lower-Middle-, and Low-Income countries). The main objective of this work is to estimate the effect of globalization on some economic development indicators (specifically per capita income and public expenditure on health) in 217 countries over the period 2000–2016. Methods: Our empirical approach is based on the implementation of a novel econometric methodology: The so-called Toda–Yamamoto procedure, which has been used to analyze the possible causal relationships between the involved variables. We employ World Development Indicators, provided by The World Bank, and the KOF Globalization Index, elaborated by the KOF Swiss Economic Institute. Results: The results show that there is a causal relationship in the sense of Granger between globalization and public expenditure on health, except in High-Income countries. This can be interpreted both negatively and positively, confirming the double character of globalization, as indicated by Stiglitz.

Local Currency Bond Markets - A Diagnostic Framework

Policy Papers ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (61) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Bond Markets ◽  
Local Currency ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Diagnostic Framework ◽  
Economic Size

In November 2011, the G-20 endorsed an action plan to support the development of local currency bond markets (LCBM). International institutions—the IMF, the World Bank, the EBRD, and the OECD—were asked to draw on their experience to develop a diagnostic framework (DF) to identify general preconditions, key components, and constraints for successful LCBM development. The objective is to provide a tool for analyzing the state of development and efficiency of local currency bond markets. The application of the DF is expected to be flexible, bearing in mind that the potential for LCBM development depends on economic size, financing needs, and stage of economic development.

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