scholarly journals Origin and Development of Service Cynology in Modern Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
V. S. Seliukov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Service Dogs ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Russian Empire

The history of the origin and formation of service cynology in Ukraine has quite interesting aspects. First of all, at the time when the territory of modern Ukraine was part of the Russian Empire, and eventually the Soviet Union, the police service cynology was originated in Ukraine. Thus, the beginning of the XX century was marked by the activities of H. M. Rudyi, who being a part of the detective police in 1904 organized the breeding station and began to use dogs to search for criminals. Besides, H. M. Rudyi organized training of a cynologist O. Erhant, who was objectively considered the first certified cynologist in Ukraine, and who graduated training in Schwelm. Heorhii Mykhailovych also developed an Instruction for the officials of Kyiv Detective Police, which defined the procedure and methods of involving dogs in the fight against crime. Further development of service police cynology throughout the Empire took place with the support and admiration of V. I. Lebediev, an official from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire, who contributed to the creation of the All-Russian Society for the Promotion of Dogs in Police and Guard Service, as well as certain associations within the Empire. The author of the article has also studied the historical stages of the development of cynology, which are offered to be divided according to the criteria of methods of using dogs, as well as new turning points in training. Thus, the next stage has offered to allocate the time, when the process of dog training began to be based on the results of research accomplished by I. P. Pavlov, who described the reflexes in general (conditioned and unconditioned); indicative reactions and their nature; stimuli and their types; types and principles of higher nervous activity of dogs; processes of inhibition and excitation; deviations in the activity of the dog’s brain. All this has increased the arsenal of human abilities in the process of preparing dogs for service. Particular attention has been paid to the fact that police cynology during the wars is somewhat re-profiled, but does not lose its relevance. Unfortunately, the development of cynology after the Second World War underwent significant regression due to the changes in public attitudes and the post-war situation, but this did not prevent further use and improvement of the use of dogs. The emphasis has been placed on the peculiarities of the next stage in the development of cynology, which is associated with the development of odor methods of selection and preservation of odors, as well as the emergence of dogs-detectors who are further used in odor examination. It has been also noted that the current stage of development of cynology is very diverse, i.e. service dogs are used in almost all areas of law enforcement activity.

scholarly journals “Honeymoon” of the Russian Empire and the United States during WWI

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-292
Author(s):  
Victoria I. Zhuravleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Liberal Internationalism ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article focuses on the debatable issues of Russian-American relations from 1914 until the fall of Tsarism, such as the degree of the two countries’ rapprochement, ethnic questions, the positive dynamics of mutual images and the intensified process of Russians and Americans studying each other. Based on primary and secondary sources, this work intends to emphasize that the conflict element in bilateral relations did not hamper cooperation between the two states. The author’s multipronged and interdisciplinary approach allowed her to conclude that the United Sates was ready to engage in wide-ranging interaction with the Russian Empire regardless of their ideological differences. From the author’s point of view, it was the pragmatic agenda that aided the states’ mutual interest in destroying the stereotypes of their counterpart and stimulated Russian Studies in the US and American Studies in Russia. Therefore, the “honeymoon” between the two states had started long before the 1917 February Revolution. However, Wilson strove to turn Russia not so much into an object of US’ “dollar diplomacy”, but into a destination of its “crusade” for democracy. The collapse of the monarchy provided an additional impetus for liberal internationalism by integrating the Russian “Other” into US foreign policy. Ultimately, an ideological (value-based) approach emerged as a stable trend in structuring America’s attitude toward Russia (be it the Soviet Union or post-Soviet Russia).

scholarly journals “History of Deaf-blind Children Education in Russsia”: the Outlines of Science and Great Talent in Domestic Correctional Psychology and Pedagogy

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
K.A. Bochaver
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Correctional Psychology ◽  
Non Fiction ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Blind Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
Speech Pathologists ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Children Education

The review reveals the content and the directions of the non-fiction book written by a professor Basilova; this book is written about the history of teaching deaf-blind children in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and modern Russia. The problems of scientific and methodological supporting the deafblind children are described through the prism of a working career of the three famous domestic speech pathologists and psychologists: Ivan Sokoliansky, Augusta Yarmolenko and Alexander Meshcheryakov.

THE MAIN STAGES OF THE FORMATION OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA IN THE UNITED STATES

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-101
Author(s):  
Ol’ga A. Pylova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article focuses on the emigration of Ukrainians to the US and the formation of a Ukrainian diaspora there. Emigration from ethnic Ukrainian territories began at the end of the nineteenth century and has continued to the present day. The generally accepted periodisation considers five waves of emigration (before 1914, 1914–1945, 1945–1986, 1986–2014 and after 2014) and therefore five stages of the diaspora formation. As the study shows, the stages or waves of emigration from Ukraine largely coincide with the migration processes in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and finally in the post-Sovi- et space, but there are also a number of differences that need to be understood. The diaspora issues were often linked to issues of emigrant self-determination, identity formation as well as the policies of the recipient state. Political, social, educational and other organisations have been formed within the diaspora over the course of its existence, with the diaspora institutionalisation pro- cesses varying according to the specific historical period. In the context of the continuation of the next stage of Ukrainian emigration to the United States and the evolution of the diaspora today, a historical and genetic study of the transmigration of Ukrainians overseas and the formation of diaspora structures acquires particular relevance.

Does russian society need «civil religion»?

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Varganov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Civil Religion ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The People ◽  
The Russian Federation

At the present stage of development of the Russian Federation, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the ideological bonds of the people disappeared. In these conditions, the "well-wishers" of various stripes are persistently trying to fi ll the resulting vacuum. The people themselves and their leadership are also in search of a national idea that can unite all Russians into a single nation. One of the options for a possible new national idea, according to some scientists, is the so-called "civil religion". Is it suitable for the Russian society?

THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE ENTERPRISE SECTOR IN ESTONIA - A HISTORICAL APPROACH TO A CONTEMPORARY TRANSITION

1996 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 317-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARI LIUHTO
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Reverse Transformation ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Russian Empire

This article analyses the transition of the Estonian enterprise sector in the twentieth century. The starting shot was first fired for the transformation of the Estonian enterprise sector when the country gained its independence from the Russian Empire in 1918. The independence was followed by a 20-year-long transformation of the enterprise sector, which was, however, ended by the Estonian annexation to the Soviet Union in 1939. The incorporation of Estonia to the Soviet Union signified the beginning of a completely reverse transformation. The third important period of transformation in the Estonian enterprise sector began at the end of 1991 when Estonia separated from the disintegrating Soviet Union. The purpose of this article is to describe these periods mentioned above and draw a summarized comparison between the first and the present transformation. Integrating a historical approach to this contemporary transformation may facilitate in comprehending the present trends of development and even predict the future.

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