scholarly journals Assessment of the quality of the southern Bug waters within the Khmelnytsky region and biotechnological ways to solve their purification

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (95) ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
O. O. Malashchuk ◽  
O. P. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Concentration Limit ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
The Village

Water resources are the national wealth of each state, an important natural resource, and determine the development opportunities of most sectors of the economic complex of Ukraine. The Southern Bug River is the largest river, the basin of which is completely located in Ukraine. Due to the intensive growth of anthropogenic impact on the studied reservoir and the economic use of its resources, the quality of water in it has significantly decreased. To improve the quality of water in rivers, it is optimal to use biotechnological methods, which provide many opportunities for effective solutions to issues related to monitoring, assessment, and treatment of polluted watercourses. The aim of our study was to assess water safety, the current ecological status of the Southern Bug River within the Khmelnytsky region in three areas (Maryanivske Reservoir, Kopystyn, Shchedrivske Reservoir) and use in domestic needs, with analysis of potential risks to human health, development of new biotechnological and improvement of existing measures to improve water supply. The experimental part of the work was performed on the basis of the Khmelnytsky Regional Department of Water Resources in the laboratory at the address Khmelnytsky, st. Soborna, 29. We conducted a chemical assessment of the Southern Bug River on three indicators: salt composition (I1), tropho-saprobiological (I2), and specific toxic substances (I3). Research of river waters was carried out in order to control the MPC (maximum permissible concentrations) of substances for use in household and food needs of the population and to propose biotechnological methods of river water purification within the Khmelnytsky region. According to our research on hydrochemical characteristics, the water contained elevated levels of NH4, NO2, NO3, PO4, the average values of HSC (chemical oxygen demand) exceeded the MPC in all areas by 2 to 5 times. This may be due to exposure to organic compounds of natural origin. The content of nitrites, nitrates is within normal limits, but the content of ammonium salt exceeds the MPC up to 20 times in the village Kopystyn and from 2 to 7 times in the village of Letychiv. According to many indicators of the salt block, the maximum concentration limit was not exceeded, except for the village Kopystyn, the concentration of Magnesium (Mg) was 84.33 mg/dm3 at a rate of 40.00 mg/dm3. According to specific toxic substances, the water belonged to the III class 4 quality category, Chromium (Cr) was not detected, Manganese (Mn) and Copper (Cu) were within normal limits, although the Copper content was high. The concentration of Iron (Fe) varies in different areas and during the year, there is a case of excess Iron in the village. Kopistin up to 0.86 mg/dm3 at a rate of 0.30 mg/dm3. Iron affects the intensity of phytoplankton development and the qualitative composition of the microflora, so its concentration is subject to seasonal fluctuations. To improve the quality of water in the Southern Bug River, we have proposed the use of biotechnological methods, including those that provide many opportunities to effectively address issues related to monitoring, assessment, and treatment of polluted watercourses.

scholarly journals The investigation of the quality of water resources of decentralized water-supply of rural areas in Berezhany district

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Glovyn ◽  
O. V. Pavliv
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Village

The main anthropogenic factors of chemical and toxicological pollution of decentralized water-supply sources in rural settlements are examined. Complex estimation of water pollution level is made and the dependence of subsoil waters quality from season changes is elicited on the example of countryside within Berezany district Ternopil region. Berezhany district is mostly agricultural and that’s why agriculture becomes one of the biggest polluters of water resources especially subsoil. Dangerous source of water pollution, especially in the period of spring flooding and rainfall flooding are diffuse runoffs from agricultural areas/ in three to four times more nutrients and suspended solids are imposed from them than from natural areas. In the qualitative composition (cation and anions content mineralization ) among subsoil’s waters  of Ternopil region, that are used for water-supply, essentially dominate bicarbonate-sulfate calcium-sodium waters with mineralization 0.2–0.8 g/dm3. Especially in Berezhany district subsoil fresh waters have bicarbonate-sulfate calcium-sodium composition with common mineralization of 0.5–0.7 g/dm3. There are 3432 artesian wells in the region, including 2679 in the countryside and 753 in towns and 74296 mine pits. It is found that on this territory low concentrations of nitrites during the whole period of research are marked. Except for isolated cases of its growth: in the village Zhukiv (to 0.02 mg/dm3) in autumn and Posurhiv (to 0.04 mg/dm3) in spring, that are explained by the increasing of quantity of fall-outs and respectively, growth of runoff from agricultural lands. Small concentrations of nitrites in groundwater’s on the district territory (less more than 0.01 mg/dm3) are due to their extreme instability. They are oxidized, moving to the most stable inorganic nitrogen – nitrates. Concerning nitrates, their high levels with gradual growth from spring to autumn is found. In the village Zhukiv the figure does not exceed the norm, except in autumn, where it is 52.35mg/dm3. Significant increase of nitrates concentration on the territory of these villages in autumns is explained by the fact, than during the rains polluting substances penetrated into groundwater’s, that drained from fields, where nitrogen fertilizers were given. In summer this increase can be explained by fertilization. Receiver results speak about poor state of ground waters as the sources of decentralized water-supply due to increasing of nitrate contents in these objects. It is shown that effluents and fertilizers that are given into the soil, make the most influence on the quality of water from underground sources. It is also founded the increasing of contents of nitrites, nitrates, chlorides, sulphates in spring during snowmelting and in autumn during rains. Considering the excess of nitrates norm in ground water it is necessarily control making of nitrogen fertilizers into soil. It is necessary to conduct purification  of drinking water before its usage. It is obviously that on the areas with higher percentage of “unstandard” water the morbidity of cancer is higher. The effect of influence of water with higher contents of nitrates increases against the background of malnutrition that is particularly in the current crisis period of life.

DETERMINATION OF THE LEVEL OF POLLUTION OF WATER RESOURCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
Iryna Chushkina ◽  
Natalia Maksimova
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Surface Water Pollution ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Local Water ◽  
The Village ◽  
Integrated Estimation

The based on the data of laboratory studies, an integrated assessment of the quality of water resources the village of Mala Belozerka. Analytical researches have search character of an integrated estimation of level of pollution of district and are executed by a method which is offered by researchers Kryzhanovsky E.M. and Davydov I.V., is of a recommended nature and based on the algorithm of the officially approved methodology of the KND 211.1.1.106 "Organization and implementation of observations of surface water pollution (in the system of the Ministry of Energy)". According to the results of the calculation of the total pollution rate, it was found that the local water resources are characterized as dirty, despite the relatively high quality of groundwater, which is used as a source for drinking water supply to the rural population.

Physico-Chemical Analysis of Groundwater and Effect of Climatic Change in Angul-Talcher Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Aliva Bera ◽  
D.P. Satapathy
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Simulation Based

In this paper, the linear regression model using ANN and the linear regression model using MS Excel were developed to estimate the physico-chemical concentrations in groundwater using pH, EC, TDS, TH, HCO3 as input parameters and Ca, Mg and K as output parameters. A comparison was made which indicated that ANN model had the better ability to estimate the physic-chemical concentrations in groundwater. An analytical survey along with simulation based tests for finding the climatic change and its effect on agriculture and water bodies in Angul-Talcher area is done. The various seasonal parameters such as pH, BOD, COD, TDS,TSS along with heavy elements like Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn concentration in water resources has been analyzed. For past 30 years rainfall data has been analyzed and water quality index values has been studied to find normal and abnormal quality of water resources and matlab based simulation has been done for performance analysis. All results has been analyzed and it is found that the condition is stable. 

scholarly journals The Water Safety Plan Approach: Application to Small Drinking-Water Systems—Case Studies in Salento (South Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4360
Author(s):  
Francesca Serio ◽  
Lucia Martella ◽  
Giovanni Imbriani ◽  
Adele Idolo ◽  
Francesco Bagordo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Safety Plan ◽  
Water Safety Plan ◽  
Drinking Water Systems

Background: The quality of water for human consumption is an objective of fundamental importance for the defense of public health. Since the management of networks involves many problems of control and efficiency of distribution, the Water Safety Plan (WSP) was introduced to address these growing problems. Methods: WSP was applied to three companies in which the water resource assumes central importance: five water kiosks, a third-range vegetable processing company, and a residence and care institution. In drafting the plan, the terms and procedures designed and tested for the management of urban distribution systems were applied to safeguard the resource over time. Results: The case studies demonstrated the reliability of the application of the model even to small drinking-water systems, even though it involved a greater effort in analyzing the incoming water, the local intended use, and the possibilities for managing the containment of the dangers to which it is exposed. This approach demonstrates concrete effectiveness in identifying and mitigating the dangers of altering the quality of water. Conclusions: Thanks to the WSP applied to small drinking-water systems, we can move from management that is focused mainly on verifying the conformity of the finished product to the creation of a global risk assessment and management system that covers the entire water supply chain.

scholarly journals Deep Learning-Based Water Crystal Classification

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 825
Author(s):  
Hien Doan Thi ◽  
Frederic Andres ◽  
Long Tran Quoc ◽  
Hiro Emoto ◽  
Michiko Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Snow Crystal ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
First World ◽  
Small Dataset

Much of the earth’s surface is covered by water. As was pointed out in the 2020 edition of the World Water Development Report, climate change challenges the sustainability of global water resources, so it is important to monitor the quality of water to preserve sustainable water resources. Quality of water can be related to the structure of water crystal, the solid-state of water, so methods to understand water crystals can help to improve water quality. As a first step, a water crystal exploratory analysis has been initiated with the cooperation with the Emoto Peace Project (EPP). The 5K EPP dataset has been created as the first world-wide small dataset of water crystals. Our research focused on reducing the inherent limitations when fitting machine learning models to the 5K EPP dataset. One major result is the classification of water crystals and how to split our small dataset into several related groups. Using the 5K EPP dataset of human observations and past research on snow crystal classification, we created a simple set of visual labels to identify water crystal shapes, in 13 categories. A deep learning-based method has been used to automatically do the classification task with a subset of the label dataset. The classification achieved high accuracy when using a fine-tuning technique.

scholarly journals Basic criteria for a sustainable water management at the U.S.-México border: the case of ambos Nogales

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 35-60
Author(s):  
Luis Ernesto Cervera Gómez ◽  
Rodolfo Rubio Salas
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Ambos Nogales

This article aims to analyze some basic criteria for a sustainable use of water in an international watershed shared by Mexico and the United States. The study area comprises the region of Ambos Nogales, which is located inside the Upper Santa Cruz River Basin. This portion of the watershed represents the main ecosystem and the main source of water for urban and rural populations located in this region. Following criteria of sustainability the authors revise and adapt to the case of Ambos Nogales, a set of guidelines proposed by the Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security. These guidelines include the following elements: basic water requirements needed to maintain quality of life in the population and the health of ecosystems; water quality that meets certain minimum standards; human actions and their impact on long-term renewability of freshwater stocks and flows; collection of data concerning water resources, use and quality of water; institutional mechanisms to prevent and resolve conflicts; and a democratic process of water-planning and decision-making. These twin cities have a long history of cooperation and conflict linked to water resources, which makes available enough information to create a diagnostic about the water management inside a binational arena, and allowing to explore possibilities for a better water resources management under a sustainable regime and from an international perspective. Keywords: Sustainability, binational water management, ambos Nogales region.

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