scholarly journals The Selection of Central-European Knights for the Order of the Golden Fleece during the Regency of Spanish Queen Mariana of Austria (1665-1675)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-52
Author(s):  
Ondřej Lee Stolička
Keyword(s):  
Central European ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Genetic Similarity of Avena sativa L. Varieties as an Example of a Narrow Genetic Pool of Contemporary Cereal Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1424
Author(s):  
Magdalena Cieplak ◽  
Sylwia Okoń ◽  
Krystyna Werwińska
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Central European ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
Genetic Pool ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
High Genetic Similarity

The assessment of the genetic diversity of cultivated varieties is a very important element of breeding programs. This allows the determination of the level of genetic differentiation of cultivated varieties, their genetic distinctiveness, and is also of great importance in the selection of parental components for crossbreeding. The aim of the present study was to determine the level of genetic diversity of oat varieties currently grown in Central Europe based on two marker systems: ISSR and SCoT. The research conducted showed that both these types of markers were suitable for conducting analyses relating to the assessment of genetic diversity. The calculated coefficients showed that the analyzed cultivars were characterized by a high genetic similarity. However, the UPGMA and PCoA analyses clearly indicated the distinctiveness of the breeding programs conducted in Central European countries. The high genetic similarity of the analyzed forms allow us to conclude that it is necessary to expand the genetic pool of oat varieties. Numerous studies show that landraces may be the donor of genetic variation.

scholarly journals Czech countries in maps of Central Europe up to the middle of the 17th century and their typological classification

Geografie ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-453
Author(s):  
Ivan Kupčík
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Area ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Religious Communication ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Typological Classification

The article presents a representative selection of a nearly hundred of the oldest maps of Central Europe which were influencing the development of map representation of Czech countries and mostly have not yet been published in Czech literature. Geographical content of map representation of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia in maps of the Central European area is as informative as in separate maps of these territories. Cartographical information does not end on the other side of our border, but it links to representation of neighbouring countries and stresses political, religious, communication, linguistic and other connections and particularities as well. The selection is based on typographical classification (into ten groups) of printed maps of the Central European area of German, Italian, Dutch and French origin dating from the end of the 15th century to the middle of the 17th century. Its knowledge is necessary to determine genealogy of Central European and regional maps from the period approximately till 1650.

scholarly journals Thematic category of meal, cuisine, and hospitality in the Hungarian proverbial lore

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1(14)/2020) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Irina Zimonyi-Kalinyina
Keyword(s):  
Central European ◽  
The Common ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Selection Of

This study is aimed on the thematic selection of the Hungarian proverbs dealing with gastronomy and hospitality both in direct and figurative way. As a source for this compilation we used recent and earlier editions of the proverbs’ dictionaries. We searched for proverbs using keywords, and not only. A substantial number of proverbs was identified as belonging to this thematic group. Through the comparative and descriptive approach, we divided all the selected proverbial material into subgroups. A special semantic filter was applied to distinguish the proverbs containing so-called Hungarikum realia. The selection of Hungarian proverbs for this thematic groups was also used in order to contribute to the theory of the common Central-European linguistic area. Keywords: Cuisine, gastronomy, hospitality, Hungarian, Hungarikum, proverbs

scholarly journals Populism and Folklorism in Central European Music Pedagogy of the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries

2009 ◽  
pp. 35-53
Author(s):  
Rhoda Dullea
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
Folk Art ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Music Pedagogy ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Central European ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Selection Of

The nineteenth century saw the beginnings of a fascination for ‘naïve’ folk art as a supposed encapsulation of ‘national spirit’, a fascination which juxtaposed and frequently intersected with a growing interest by many composers in the creation of didactic art music for children. Folk themes, considered ‘child-like’ and ‘pure’ in character, informed many of these works because of their apparent aptness for a young audience. Such works led to a populist trend peaking in the early twentieth century that saw composers using everyday folk-art themes and references, in the context of their own compositional idiom, as a means of introducing not only children but the general public to arcane principles of art music in an accessible way.Bound up with the populist concern for the musical education of ‘the masses’ (through reference to ‘their’ folk-music genres) were topical social and political ideologies, chiefly nationalism and later, at the start of the twentieth century, evolutionism, which influenced the composers’ selection of folk-music themes for their pedagogical works and were clearly evident in their explanatory literature about this music. Through reference to composers from Schumann to Kodály and Orff, this article traces the development and influence of the Volk concept, from both nationalist and evolutionist perspectives, on Central European musical pedagogy of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Extensive Roof Green in Central European Climate

2016 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 795-802
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kravka ◽  
Martin Daněk ◽  
Roman Rabenseifer
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Natural Substrate ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Area ◽  
European Climate ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Selection Of

The essence of the green roof is vegetation and its positive health and aesthetic effects on humans. They can, however, only be achieved, if the vegetation is really functional. In climatic conditions of Central Europe with four seasons of the same length, approximately, with cold winters and relatively warm, and often dry, summers are plants in artificial conditions, for which the vegetation of the roof can be considered, subject to extreme temperature variations. Even plants typical for central European area that thrive in this environment can be difficult to survive. In contrast to the plants rooted in the usual field, the temperature of which oscillates during the year at a depth of one meter under the surface between 0° and approx. 16° Celsius, i.e. in the range of approx. 16 Kelvin, the roots of vegetation planted on roofs are exposed to a much wider temperature range. The study to be presented describes an example of a typical roof with extensive greenery and shows the temperature course in substrate of the roof vegetation during a typical winter and summer day and compares it to the temperature course at the same depth below the field surface. It also provides methods that can solve this problem, from the selection of suitable plant species through year-round care, e.g. using summer irrigation and winter protection, up to artificial creation of a constant temperature of natural substrate with heated / cooled ceilings under the roof.

scholarly journals Impact of Rhabdocline pseudotsugae and Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii on the Selection of Suitable Provenances of Douglas Fir in Central Europe

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Michal Samek ◽  
Petr Novotný ◽  
Roman Modlinger ◽  
Martin Fulín ◽  
František Beran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Spore Trap ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Central European ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Swiss Needle Cast ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
Selection Of

Two diseases, Rhabdocline needle cast caused by Rhabdocline pseudotsugae Sydow, and Swiss needle cast caused by Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii (Rohde) Petr., recently became a severe threat to Central European Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stands. Both pathogens infect assimilative organs causing needle chloritization and drop off. Pervasive infection by these pathogens has been recorded at the Hůrky provenance trial (Písek, South Bohemia, Czech Republic), established in 1971 as part of a series of experiments by International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO). The intensity and duration of needle cast sporulation were monitored using a Burkard spore trap, and the health status of 24 Douglas fir provenances from the original areal of distribution (British Columbia, Washington, Oregon) was evaluated under this trial. While comparing provenances, the following characteristics were surveyed: trunk volume, defoliation rate, and the difference in tree diameter between measurements in 2011 and 2016. A statistical evaluation was performed using the regression model and a decision tree. The highest sporulation rates on needles for both needle casts were observed from April to July. The Washington provenances 1069 North Bend, 1075 Enumclaw, and 1089 Cathlamet can be recommended for plantation, considering the provenances’ satisfactory productivity and low extent of damage from needle casts, while the provenances such as 1104 Brookings, 1028 Merritt (due to high mortality) and 1010 Barrière, 1021 D’Arcy, and 1067 Skykomish (due to high defoliation) are not suitable for plantation under Central European conditions.

scholarly journals Discrepancies between archaeological and 14C-based chronologies: problems and possible solutions

10.4312/dp.16 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Hans-Christoph Strien
Keyword(s):  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Central European ◽  
Selection Of

14C dating of bone collagen is believed to produce the most reliable absolute dates for the Central European Early Neolithic, as the selection of bones in anatomical context minimises ta­phonomic problems. In contrast, a comparison of three newly published local or regional chronolo­gical models as well as a comparison of several series of dates from bone collagen, charcoal and cereals highlights problems probably caused by diagenetic influences, especially on collagen. There­fore, at least the checking of bone collagen 14C dates against charcoal or cereal dates from the same contexts seems to be indispensable.

scholarly journals Growth and breeding of aspen in Russia

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly P. Tsarev
Keyword(s):  
Wood Properties ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Researches results are presented that describe variation in natural aspen stands and hybrid collections in Central European Russia. The subject of the study was the selection of the most productive and resistant to heart rot caused by fungus Phellinus tremulae (Fomes igniarius) stands. Mechanical wood properties, fodder values and other valuable characteristics of aspen are also shown. The valuable stands and hybrids which require conservation were selected for breeding and practical use.

The HSG procedure for modelling integrated urban wastewater systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 2065-2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Muschalla ◽  
M. Schütze ◽  
K. Schroeder ◽  
M. Bach ◽  
F. Blumensaat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Availability ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Central European ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

Whilst the importance of integrated modelling of urban wastewater systems is ever increasing, there is still no concise procedure regarding how to carry out such modelling studies. After briefly discussing some earlier approaches, the guideline for integrated modelling developed by the Central European Simulation Research Group (HSG - Hochschulgruppe) is presented. This contribution suggests a six-step standardised procedure to integrated modelling. This commences with an analysis of the system and definition of objectives and criteria, covers selection of modelling approaches, analysis of data availability, calibration and validation and also includes the steps of scenario analysis and reporting. Recent research findings as well as experience gained from several application projects from Central Europe have been integrated in this guideline.

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