scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Nomegestrol Acetate and a Combination of Ethinylestradiol and Levonorgestrel for Delaying Menstruation among Umrah Pilgrims

2018 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Mirzah Tindar ◽  
Yusuf Effendi ◽  
Adenan Abadi ◽  
Theodorus Theodorus
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Nomegestrol Acetate ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Single Blind

Objective: To compare the effectiveness efficacy of nomegestrolacetate with and combination of ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrelas a regimen for delaying menstruation in Umrah pilgrims in Palembangcity.Methods: This single-blind randomized controlled trial was conductedin Hajj and Umrah Guidance Group in Palembang city duringDecember 2016 to January 2017. Population of this study was 30women who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Frequencyand distribution of data was described in a table. Effectiveness andthe side effects treatment between the two groups were analyzedwith Chi Square test. Data was were analyzed using SPSS version18.0.Results: There were no differences in age, education, occupation,parity, body weight, height and contraceptive history betweentwo both groups (all p values > 0.05). Statistical analysis showedthere was no difference in spotting between nomegestrol acetate5 mg or a combination of levonorgestrel 150 mcg and 30 mcgethinylestradiol in Umrah pilgrims (p = 1.000). Other side effectssuch as (dizziness, depression, breast tenderness, heavy limbs,nauseam and vomiting) between the two groups could not beanalyzed because all subjects did not experience any other sideeffects.Conclusion: There is no difference in effectiveness betweennomegestrol acetate 5 mg or combination of levonorgestrel 150mcg and 30 mcg ethinylestradiol as a regimen for delayingmenses in Umrah pilgrims in Palembang city.[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 6-1: 45-49]Keywords: delay menstruation, ethinylestradiol, levonorgestrel,nomegestrol, side effects, spotting, umrah

scholarly journals Perbandingan Pemberian Lidokain 2% 1,5 mg/kgBB Intravena dengan Propofol 0,3 mg/kgBB Intravena Setelah Anestesi Umum Dihentikan terhadap Kejadian Batuk Saat Ekstubasi Bangun

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Aris Gunawan ◽  
Erwin Pradian ◽  
Ruli Herman Sitanggang
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistic Analysis ◽  
Intravenous Lidocaine ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lidocaine Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Single Blind

Pipa endotrakeal (endotracheal tube; ETT) sering digunakan pada prosedur anestesi umum. Batuk saat ekstubasi merupakan komplikasi yang sering terjadi karena iritasi jalan napas akibat pelepasan ETT. Penggunaan lidokain intravena dan propofol intravena telah terbukti mampu menurunkan angka kejadian batuk saat ekstubasi. Tujuan penelitian ini membandingkan angka kejadian batuk saat ekstubasi bangun pemberian lidokain 2% 1,5 mg/kgBB intravena dengan propofol 0,3 mg/kgBB intravena dalam anestesi umum yang diberikan 3 menit setelah sevofluran dan N2O dihentikan pada akhir operasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Desember 2016 sampai dengan Februari  2017 di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental dengan teknik acak terkontrol buta tunggal terhadap 72 subjek yang terdiri atas kelompok lidokain (n=36) dan kelompok propofol (n=36). Analisis statisika menggunakan uji chi-square dengan bantuan aplikasi statistical product and service solution (SPSS) versi 20.0 for windows taraf signifikasi 5% dan dianggap bermakna bila p<0,05. Pada hasil penelitian ini didapatkan angka kejadian batuk pada pemberian lidokain 2% 1,5 mg/kgBB lebih rendah dibanding dengan  pemberian propofol 0,3 mg/kgBB (p<0,05) dengan persentase 19,4% dan 44,4%. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian lidokain 2% 1,5 mg/kgBB intravena lebih baik dibanding dengan propofol 0,3 mg/kgBB intravena untuk menurunkan kejadian batuk pada saat ekstabasi.Kata kunci: Batuk, ekstubasi, lidokain, propofol Comparison between Intravenous Administration of 2% Lidocaine 1,5 mg/kgBW and Propofol 0,3 mg/kgBW after Discontinuation of General Anesthesia against Cough Incidence During Awake ExtubationEndotracheal tube (ETT) is often used in general anesthesia procedures. Coughing at the time of  extubation is a complication that often occurs due to respiratory irritation due to the release of ETT. The use of intravenous lidocaine and intravenous propofol has been shown to decrease the incidence of coughing at the time of extubation. This study aimed to compare the incidence of coughing during awake extubation between 2% of lidocaine 1.5 mg/kgBW intravenously with propofol administered 0.3 mg/kgBW intravenously in general anesthesia 3 minutes after sevoflurane and N2O was stopped at the end of the surgery. This study was conducted from December 2016 until February 2017 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. The research was done with experimental method with a single blind  randomized controlled trial and was carried out on 72 subjects consisting of lidocaine group (n=36) and propofol group (n=36). Statistic analysis using chi-square test with statistical product and service solution (SPSS) version 20.0 for windows with significance level 5% and considered significant if p<0,05. In the results of this study, the incidence of coughing in group of 2% of lidocaine 1.5 mg/kgBW was lower than group of propofol 0.3 mg/kgBW (p<0.05) with the respective percentages of 19.4% and 44.4%. The conclusion of this study was 2% of lidocaine 1.5 mg/kgBW intravenously is better compared to propofol 0.3 mg/kgBW intravenously to decrease the incidence of coughing at the time of extubation.Key words: Coughing, extubation, lidocaine, propofol

scholarly journals A randomized controlled trial of combination of peppermint, lavender, and turmeric oil for antipruritic agent in pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Fransisca Retno Asih ◽  
Farid Husin ◽  
Oki Suwarsa ◽  
Irda Fidrianny ◽  
Dany Hilmanto
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Level I ◽  
And Control ◽  
Single Blind

BACKGROUND Pruritus is the most common dermatological complaint that occurs during pregnancy, which is around 14–20%. No research related to herbal products to reduce some of the characteristics of pruritus at once has been conducted. This study aimed to assess the effect of blending oil to reduce pruritus based on visual analog scale (VAS). METHODS This was a single-blind, randomized clinical trial that included 57 pregnant women who were at 25–38 weeks of gestation, had a pruritus during pregnancy, a single pregnancy, a level I and II pruritus and a moderate to severe pruritus based on VAS. Pruritus scores were measured using VAS in both the treatment and control groups. The treatment and control groups applied blending oil and placebo, respectively, twice a day after bathing for 2 weeks. Mann–Whitney U, paired t, and chi-square tests were used for the analysis. RESULTS Pruritus reduction in pregnant women who received blending oil was higher than those using placebo (61.08% versus 12.41%, p<0.05). 83% of subjects using blending oils had a reduction of pruritus by >25 mm. Pregnant women who used placebo had a six times greater risk of experiencing pruritus than those who used blending oil (RR = 5.8, 95% CI = 2.613–12.874). CONCLUSIONS Blending oil can be used topically to treat a pruritus in pregnant women.

Short-term acenocumarine (A) or dalteparine (D) for the prevention of central venous catheter-related thrombosis (CVCrT) in cancer patients. A randomized controlled study based on serial venographies

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8549-8549 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. De Cicco ◽  
M. Matovic ◽  
R. Pacenzia ◽  
D. Fantin ◽  
M. Caserta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Thrombosis Prophylaxis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Chi Square Test

8549 Background: Timing and frequency of non occlusive (nO) or occlusive (O) CVCrT in cancer patients (pts) remain unclear. In this randomized controlled trial we studied these points and evaluated the efficacy and safety of short-term prophylaxis with A or D in the prevention of CVCrT. Methods: Consecutive cancer pts without contraindications to short-term anticoagulation, scheduled for chemotherapy via CVC, were randomly assigned to receive: A 1 mg/day for 3 days before and 8 days after CVC insertion; D 5,000 IU 2 hours before and daily for 8 days after CVC insertion; no anticoagulant treatment (NT). All pts underwent venography (V) at day 8 and 30 after CVC insertion and then every two months until CVC removal . The primary endpoint was V detected CVCrT, evaluated as nO or O when it was partially or completely occlusive of the vein lumen, respectively. Bleeding episodes were recorded. Proportions were compared using chi-square test together with odds ratio (OR). Results: 450 pts were randomized, 348 of whom (120/150 A, 114/150 D, and 114/150 NT) underwent V (median number of procedures 4, range 2–8). Both A and D reduced the frequency of V detected CVCrT (21.9% A vs 55.3% NT, OR= 4.35 (95% CI 2.43–7.69), p<0.001; 40% D vs 55.3% NT, OR= 1.85 (95% CI 1.10–3.13), p=0.02). A was more effective than D (OR= 2.37 (CI 1.34–4.22), p= 0.003). The frequency of O CVCrT was not different in the 3 groups (0.9% A, 5.0% D, 4.4% NT; p= 0.18). Overall, 5.1% of pts with CVCrT were symptomatic, all presenting O CVCrT (42% of pts with O CVCrT were not symptomatic). Most CVCrTs (95.6%) were observed at day 8 after CVC insertion. No major bleeding or pulmonary embolism occurred. Conclusions: In this study, acenocumarine was more effective than dalteparine in reducing V detected CVCrT. The doses of prophylactic agents used in this study proved to be safe. Symptomatic CVCrT evaluation alone underestimates the actual CVCrT frequency. The first days following CVC insertion are at highest risk for CVCrT. Short term thrombosis prophylaxis appears to be superior to no treatment without the expenses and inconveniences inherent in long-term prophylaxis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride in arresting caries in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. e226341
Author(s):  
Moses Okechukwu Azouru ◽  
Modupe Olufunmilayo Ashiwaju ◽  
Augustine Edomwonyi ◽  
Afolabi Oyapero ◽  
Bola Obisesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Treatment of dental caries in children still remains challenging due to lack of cooperation with conventional treatment modalities. Recently, the use of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) has proved useful in addressing this challenge. Aim: This clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) in arresting caries in children in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a phase III balanced randomized controlled school based interventional study on 240 children. The study group was treated with SDF while GIC was used in the control group. Follow up visits in 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months were carried out to assess the treatment outcome. Inferential statistics with the use of Pearson Chi-square test and Independent Student t-test were used at 5% level of significance. Results: There was significant relationship between SDF and caries arrest in 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months’ assessment period (p = 0.001). The control group showed continuous decline (71.7%, 54.3% and 50.9%) in restorative success from 2 weeks to 3 months respectively. The mean ± SD and Confidence Interval (CI) of arrested caries in the SDF group were 113± 1.24 and 113.1 – 113.5 respectively. In the control group the mean ± SD and CI of restorative success were 69.3±11.8 and 67.2 – 71.4. The effect size was 5.24. Conclusion: The result of the study showed that SDF was effective in arresting caries in children without any harm and there was statistically significant difference in the use of 38% SDF in arresting caries in children.

scholarly journals Pethidine in Low Doses versus Dipyrone for Pain Relief in Labor: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 084-089
Author(s):  
Rogevando Nunes ◽  
André Primo
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intravenous Dose ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Single Intravenous Dose ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
To Receive

Objective To compare low doses of pethidine with dipyrone in labor analgesia. Methods In a randomized prospective study conducted by Universidade de Fortaleza, in the state of Ceará, Brazil, between May and December 2016, 200 full-term parturients, with very painful uterine contractions and exhibiting uterine cervix dilatation ≥ 5 cm, were selected to receive a single intravenous dose of either 0.25 mg/kg of pethidine (n = 100) or of 25 mg/kg of dipyrone (n = 100). Pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale. The data were analyzed using the Student t-test, the chi-square test and the likelihood ratio. Results There was a significant improvement in pain in 35% of the parturients. Both drugs presented a similar analgesic effect 1 hour after the intervention (p = 0.692). There was no analgesic effect during the evaluation of the second hour after the intervention with pethidine or dipyrone. There were no adverse effects, such as maternal drowsiness, nausea or vomiting, related to the drugs used. Conclusion Pethidine in low doses and dipyrone presented equivalent analgesia during labor. Public Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-4hsyy4.

scholarly journals Folic acid and acute diarrhea in children

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Ade Amelia ◽  
Atan Baas Sinuhaji ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Single Blind

Background Diarrhea has been a health problem in childrenunder five year old. Although the mortality caused by acutediarrhea has fallen worldwide, the mortality has increased indeveloping countries, such as Indonesia.Objective To assess the effect of folic acid in reducing the severityof acute diarrhea in children.Methods This study was a single-blind, randomized control trialin children with diarrhea aged six months to five years at a localgoverrnent clinic in the Secanggang District, Langkat Regency,North Sumatera Province from August 2009 until January20 10. Subjects were recruited by con secutive sampling thenrandomized into two groups. Of the 112 children who participated,56 children received oral fo lic acid and 56 children receivedplacebo, 1 capsule per day for five days. The statistical analysesused were the independent T-test and Chi square test with 95%confidence intervals (95% CI) and P values < 0.05 consideredto be statistically significant.Results There were significant differences between the fo lic acidand placebo groups with regards to stool consistency (P=0.02),diarrheal volume on the second day [ 14 7 .52 vs. 303 .21 mL,respectively, (P=0.001)], frequency of diarrhea on the third day[1.9 vs 2.8 episodes, respectively, (P= 0.001)], duration of initialtreatment to recovery [91.3 vs. 117 .9 hours, respectively, (P =0.001) and the total duration between initial symptoms andrecovery (123.6 vs . 147.4 hours, respectively, (P = 0.001)].Conclusion Oral folic acid is clinically beneficial for reducing theseverity of acute diarrh ea in children under five year old.

scholarly journals Acupressure has not an analgesic effect in patients with renal colic: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Ehsan Bolvardi ◽  
Bahram Zarmehri ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Mousavi Bazzaz ◽  
Ali Khorsand Vakilzadeh ◽  
Mahdi Foroughian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Renal Colic ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Intravenous Paracetamol ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Background<br />Easing renal colic (RC) pain is of the most important issues in the emergency departments. This study was conducted to investigate the analgesic effects of intravenous paracetamol in comparison to acupressure and intramuscular diclofenac in patients with RC.<br /><br />Methods<br />This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 96 eligible patients with RC, visiting the Emergency Department of Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. The participants were selected by consecutive non-random sampling method, and were randomized in three groups, each comprising of 32 participants. The first and second groups received 75 mg intramuscular diclofenac and 1g intravenous paracetamol, respectively. In the third group, three acupressure points were manually stimulated for six minutes. The pain score was measured by Visual Analog Scale for pain at baseline and after 10, 30, and 60 minutes. Collected information analyses by SPSS version 20 and interpreted using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage) and inferential statistics (chi-square test).<br /><br />Results<br />The mean age was 31.60 ± 7.42 years (range:18-50). The two methods (diclofenac and paracetamol groups) were significantly better in pain reduction compared to acupressure after 10 minutes (p&lt;0.001). Ninety four percent of participants in diclofenac group, 87% of paracetamol group and none of acupressure group were completely satisfied with their treatment method (p&lt;0.001).<br /><br />Conclusion<br />This study demonstrated that acupressure did not effectively reduces renal colic pain. It seems that contrary to acupressure, intravenous paracetamol is a safe and effective analgesic medicine for patients with RC.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Aktivitas Peer Group terhadap Penurunan Berat Badan dan Persen Lemak Tubuh pada Remaja Overweight

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jaelani ◽  
Meirina Dwi Larasati ◽  
Ana Yuliah Rahmawati ◽  
Ria Ambarwati
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Chi Square Test

<p><br />Diet rendah energi dan peningkatan aktivitas secara individual belum efektif dalam penurunan berat badan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari metode lain atau memodifikasi metode dengan membentuk kelompok peer group aktivitas. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis efektifitas aktivitas peer group terhadap kepatuhan aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan diet, penurunan berat badan dan persen lemak tubuh pada remaja overweight. Desain penelitian menggunakan Randomized Controlled Trial dengan rancangan eksperimental ulang pre-posttest control group design. Subjek penelitian adalah remaja putri overweight sebanyak 13 orang kelompok kontrol dan 13 orang kelompok perlakuan. Subjek dilakukan intervensi berupa jogging minimal 30 menit dan naik turun tangga sebanyak 10 kali per hari selama empat minggu. Ukuran kepatuhan diet diambil setiap minggu berdasarkan hasil recall 2x24 jam selama 4 minggu. Perbedaan kepatuhan aktivitas fisik dan kepatuhan diet diuji menggunakan Chi Square Test sedangkan perubahan berat badan dan persen lemak tubuh menggunakan ANOVA Repeated Measure Test. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan aktivitas fisik (p=0,000) dan penurunan berat badan (p=0,004) antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol namun tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan diet (p&gt;0,05) dan penurunan persen lemak tubuh (p=0,382) antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Peer group efektif dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fisik dan menurunkan berat badan pada remaja overweight.</p>

scholarly journals Radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy on calcaneal spurs: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-21
Author(s):  
Desy Kurniawati Tandiyo ◽  
Ratna Darjanti Haryadi ◽  
Ari Probandari ◽  
Didik Gunawan Tamtomo
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy ◽  
Extracorporeal Shockwave ◽  
Shockwave Therapy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Ossification Process

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in handling pain and calcaneal spurs is still controversial, whereas research on the effectiveness of ESWT in the reactive ossification process of calcaneal spurs, involving osteoprotegerin (OPG) and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK), does not exist. This study was aimed to assess the effect of ESWT on pain, the length of the spur, plasma OPG and RANK level on the calcaneal spur. METHODS This study was a randomized controlled trial in patients with calcaneal spurs. ESWT was administered at the pain point by applying 2,000 shocks, at an intensity of 2 bars, given six times with a 7–10-day interval. The visual analog scale (VAS) data, plasma OPG and RANK level were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U test, whereas spur size was analyzed using chi-square test. RESULTS One month after therapy at rest (p < 0.001) and when walking after getting up (p = 0.020), the VAS was lower than that in the control group. The plasma OPG level was lower than control group shortly after therapy (p < 0.001). The plasma RANK level was higher than control group shortly after therapy (p < 0.001). ESWT did not affect the reduction of spur measurement (p = 0.382). CONCLUSIONS ESWT reduced pain, decreased plasma OPG level, and increased plasma RANK level. Although ESWT did not have any effect on spur reduction, it affected plasma OPG and RANK level that play a role in the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

scholarly journals Development of a Mobile-App Based Free Field Click Test Against Conventional Free Field Voice Test: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilaga Rajendran ◽  
Julius Goh Liang Chye ◽  
Jothi Shanmuganathan
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Objective:Hearing loss is a prevalent disease with free field voice test (FFVT) being a common hearing test performed.FFVT has its own disadvantage as screening tool as there is no standardization of speech among examiners.We aim to invent mobile-app based hearing screening using Flutter-Dart programming language that mimics findings of FFVT.The app is termed as Free field click test (FFCT).Our aim is to compare sensitivity&specificity of FFCT and FFVT with Pure Tone audiogram (PTA).Methods:This is an open-labelled randomized controlled trial. This study was conducted in a sound proof room in our ORL clinic from December-March 2020. 50 patients from 18-80 years old with complaint of hearing loss were recruited.These patients were randomly assigned into two groups; FFVT&FFCT which were compared with PTA.Categorical data were analyzed with Chi-square test,non-categorical data were calculated with Student t-test for statistical significance.Results:Results were calculated based on degree of hearing loss against PTA.FFCT‘s rate of detection of hearing loss was significant for all degrees of hearing loss with p-values of <0.05. FFVT’s detection rate was only significant to normal hearing, moderate & severe hearing loss. FFCT had higher sensitivity of 94.1% for normal hearing compared to 52% for FFVT.FFVT had higher specificity but with a marginal difference only.A higher rate of accuracy (94%) and strength of the correlation (0.97) were obtained for FFCT than FFVT.Conclusion:FFCT is a more sensitive&accurate tool than FFVT in detecting hearing thresholds. It proves to be an ideal tool to screen hearing loss and is convenient in times of social distancing during COVID-19 pandemic now.

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