FINANCE OF LOW-URBANIZED TERRITORIES AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE PUBLIC FINANCE SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Назар Глинський
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Finance System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Local Finance

The article analyses the historical preconditions for the formation and development of local finances. Diverse directions of development of local finances in different countries, in different economic systems, are identified. The signs of public finances at the level of low-urbanized territories in modern conditions are formulated. it is proved that the formation of local finance subsystem as a component of public finance cannot be considered in isolation from the processes of formation of local self-government: the subjectivity of local authorities itself, whose decisions should have an overwhelming influence on the current socio-economic processes in a community and determine strategic priorities for its development, cannot be implemented without proper financial support.

scholarly journals ESSENCE AND STRUCTURE OF PUBLIC FINANCE: THEORETICAL ASPECT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Prutska
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Finance System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
State Finance

The article is devoted to the theoretical aspects of the functioning of public finances. In Ukraine, public finances account for more than 40% of gross domestic product. Public finances provide funding for state functions, including territorial integrity, law and order, health care, education funding, pensions, social protection, infrastructure development, environmental protection, and more. The formation of an effective system of public finance has become one of the key tasks of the current stage of development of the Ukrainian economy. Its solution requires the creation of a holistic concept of formation, development and improvement of the public finance system of Ukraine. In the domestic economic literature in the study of the problems of state finance, its revenues and expenditures, the phrase “state finance” was common. The term “public finance” is considered by experts to be a relatively young category of Ukrainian science, the active application of which began with the implementation of public administration reform. The purpose of the article is to clarify the nature and composition of public finances as a necessary resource for the functioning of the state, local governments, public needs of society. The article analyzes the definitions of “public finance”. It is concluded that Ukrainian economists have not yet agreed on the essence and components of the public finance system. The author presents arguments in favor of an expanded interpretation of this category, proposed his own definition of public finance. It is proposed to include the budget system, extra-budgetary trust funds, and finances of state and communal enterprises, financial and non-financial public corporations, enterprises within the framework of public-private partnership to public finances. Such an expanded interpretation of the structure of public finances will clarify the mechanism of their management, develop a system of incentives, forms of influence and control, and in particular by drawing more attention to the activities of state and municipal enterprises, develop clear criteria for quantitative parameters of public sector enterprises and their financial indicators.

scholarly journals PRINSIP-PRINSIP KEUANGAN PUBLIK ISLAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miftahul Huda Huda
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Finance System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Islamic Values

Islamic Public Finance is a financial concept based on Islam, which by planting religious values will have an impact on positive values. The source of Islamic public finances is certainly the largest base of acquisition is zakat, infak, sadakah, and waqf. The ultimate goal of Islamic public finance is the falah. Different characteristics of the conventional is a separate value of Islamic public finances, in which there are views on zakat and taxes, payments, expenses, and equilibrium in the public sector. The instruments that occur in public finance should also be considered, among others are zakat, corporate assets, infak, kharaj, waqf. The collected power of this public finance system has several foundations of Islamic values, which by these principles will make a firm foundation in developing Islamic public finances.

scholarly journals The Significance of Openness and Transparency for Accountability in Public Finances

e-Finanse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Jolanta Szołno-Koguc
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
The Public ◽  
System A ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Finance Theory ◽  
Descriptive Method

AbstractAn essential condition for asserting responsibility in public finances is that they are open and transparent. The Public Finance Act mentions ways of applying the principles of openness, and also stipulates the entities obliged to present data and information on public finances. There is, however, no legislation connected directly with transparency. So do the general requirements of classification and of accountancy and reporting principles constitute sufficient premises for accountability and asserting responsibility? An analysis of the reports and documents concerning the Polish public finance sector indicates that the processes of collecting and spending public funds are insufficiently transparent. The information system enables formal verification of discipline of public finances; however, it does not provide a sufficient basis to assess the effectiveness and efficiency, which are of key importance in terms of accountability. The aim of the article is to analyse the requirements and standards in the field of openness and transparency insofar as these concern the responsibility and accountability of public authorities, along with elements of how these are assessed in the Polish public finance system. A normative descriptive method was applied which took into consideration elements of finance theory, as well as an analysis of practical experience in the field of how public sector bodies function in Poland. The research objectives are realised mainly on the basis of a critical review of the literature on the subject, and an analysis of legal acts, reports and other documents of domestic and international institutions. The considerations and analyzes have led to several key applications to develop the principles of openness and transparency in relation to improving the accountability of public finances.

scholarly journals „Optymalizacja” kosztów zatrudnienia w administracji rządowej

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-303
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Administration ◽  
The Way

“Optimization” of employment costs in government administration The purpose of this article is to analyze the planned optimalization of employment costs in government administration. The reason foar introducing these actions is the threat to public finances related to coronavirus. The Act provides for two forms of reduction of employment costs. The first is collective redundancies and the second is the suspension of employees’ rights. The author recognize the legitimacy of actions aimed at reducing the public finance deficyt. However, he critically refers to the detailed provisions contained in the Act. This applies primarily to the way of dismissing employees from work, which deprives them of any protection and support for both trade unions and employment administration.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT OF PUBLIC FINANCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Alla Chornovol ◽  
Yuliia Nemish ◽  
Olha Biliavska
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
The State ◽  
External Control ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
The Public ◽  
Finance Management ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the legal and organizational principles of public finance management. Methodology of research. To achieve this goal, the following tools of research methods were used: dialectical - to determine the initial conditions and content of public finance; analytical - when processing literary and Internet sources; causal - to determine the institutional support of public finances; abstract-logical - to generalize the presented material and draw conclusions. Findings. The issues of the essence, structure and peculiarities of the functioning of public finances in Ukraine are studied; the institutional units that ensure their formation and control over their use are specified. The peculiarities of the content of public finances of Ukraine are considered, the peculiarities of their components are determined in order to achieve not only economic, but also social goals by the state. Under the institutional support of public finances, we understand a purposeful hierarchical system of legal institutions that form, use, redistribute and control the funds of the public sector. Thus, based on this, among the components of institutional support are: state; executive, legislative and judicial powers; VRU, CMU, central executive bodies, higher judicial bodies, National Bank, Accounting Chamber; local councils, local executive bodies, budgetary institutions, subjects of state and communal property; advisory bodies under the President of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; scientific, public and professional institutions (organizations) in the field of public finance. The relevance of the study of issues related to improving the efficiency of state bodies on the basis of recommendations of international organizations and the formation of appropriate regulatory and legal support is substantiated. For example, it was noted that an action plan for the respective years should be developed, which includes directions for each area of the Strategy for Reforming the Public Finance Management System (in our opinion, public) and specifies the state bodies responsible for a particular area of public finance. The bodies of state financial control are determined in accordance with the current legislation, in particular: external control carried out by the legislative bodies - the committees of the Verkhovna Rada and the Accounting Chamber; executive authorities and the central bank - the Cabinet of Ministers (through specialized state bodies) and the NBU; and internal (performed by heads of state bodies) and internal audit (performed by the main managers of budget funds). The requirements of the current legislation to ensure openness of their spending and opportunities for free access to this information in order to strengthen public control over the use of public funds are analyzed. The composition and main problems of institutional support of public finances are formulated and practical recommendations for its evaluation are provided, which will allow to increase the efficiency of public finance management. Originality. The scientific novelty lies in the separation of the content of the institutional support of public finances and recommendations for its evaluation according to the established criteria. Practical value. The main provisions of this study in the form of evaluation proposals can be used to monitor the impact of public reform policy on the development of public finances. Key words: public finance; management; institutional support; public authorities; public financial control.

scholarly journals Institutional support for the sustainability of the public finance system

2021 ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Valentyna Makohon
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Finance System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Budgetary Policy ◽  
The Stability

Relevance of the research topic. In modern conditions, the system of public finance is an important tool for regulating socio-economic processes, intensification of the economy. Important factors that affect the quality of the public finance system are financial and economic risks due to the trend of economic development. Accordingly, the assessment of financial and economic risks is an important condition for the development of sound financial and budgetary policy, the development of institutional support for the stability of public finances and economic security of the country as a whole. Formulation of the problem. Based on the trends of economic development of both countries with transformational and developed economies, in modern conditions, important tasks are: substantiation of strategic objectives of fiscal policy to increase the level of stability of public finance and its components; mutual coordination of decisions of public administration bodies. At the same time, the development of institutional support for the sustainability of the public finance system should be carried out taking into account globalization processes. Analysis of recent research and publications. The issue of developing institutional support for the sustainability of the public finance system is quite common in research. These are the works of famous domestic and foreign scientists: J. Keynes, P. Samuelson, J. Stiglitz, V. Tanzi, O. Vasylyk, I. Zapatrina, S. Kucherenko, L. Lysyak, L. Levaeva, I. Lukyanenko, M. Pasichny, A. Sokolovska, I. Chugunov and others. Highlighting unexplored parts of a common problem. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The above issues are relevant in connection with the spread of acute respiratory disease COVID-19, which affected the trend of economic development, led to a violation of the budget balance, which requires a number of specific tasks related to the development of institutional sustainability of public finances and its components. Goal setting, research goals. The objectives of the study are: to reveal the role of public finance in the regulation of socio-economic processes; substantiate the features of economic security and its components; to analyze and evaluate the indicators of financial security of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to reveal the directions of fiscal policy to ensure the sustainability of public finance. Research method or methodology. The article uses a set of research methods: a systematic approach, statistical analysis, structuring, synthesis, etc. Basic material presentation. The role of the public finance system in the regulation of socio-economic processes is revealed. The peculiarities of economic security and its components are substantiated. The analysis and assessment of financial security indicators of Ukraine is carried out. The directions of financial and budgetary policy on ensuring the stability of the public finance system are revealed. Area of application of results. The results of the study can be used in the process of reforming the public finance system. Conclusions according to article. In order to increase the stability of the public finance system, at this stage of socio-economic development of the country, it is advisable to: substantiate sustainability indicators – the basis of a transparent system of continuous monitoring of public finance system development and its components; introduction of effective management financial and budgetary tools – systematic assessment of the state of financial and budgetary security; improving the efficiency of financial and budgetary policy in the field of ensuring the stability of the public finance system and political responsibility for its results.

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