scholarly journals Legal support of the cultural heritage protection in the Ukrainian SSR (second half of the 1950s – end of the 1980s)

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
T. V. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Special Aspect ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
The Law ◽  
The 1950S

The research covers the development of the legislation of the Ukrainian SSR cultural heritage protection problems. The rapid development of sectoral legislation in the second half of the twentieth century was driven by the need of preservation of cultural heritage sites, damaged during the Second World War, or affected by the improper use by various institutions and organizations.The purpose of the article is to analyze the specifics of legal regulation of cultural heritage protection in the Ukrainian SSR in the second half of the 1950 s – the end of the 1980 s.Scientific novelty. The analysis of the legislative acts of the Verkhovna Rada of the USSR and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, as well as by-laws of the Ministry of Culture of the USSR revealed the specifics of the legal regulation of cultural heritage protection in the Ukrainian SSR in the second half of the 1950 s – late 1980s, which consisted of application of separate national legal terminology. The main directions of legal regulation of cultural heritage protection during the period under review are singled out.Conclusions. Soviet legislation on the protection of cultural heritage, as any sectoral legislation, was unified, and the republican special-purpose laws duplicated Union norms. The legislation of the Ukrainian SSR of the 1950s – 1980s concerning the cultural heritage protection was developed in accordance with the Union legislation, as well as the decrees and orders of the USSR Government. At the same time, both federal and republican legislation had basic international rules, including the provisions of the 1972 Convention concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage, signed by the Soviet Union. The special aspect of the the Ukrainian SSR legislation was the consideration of some national traditions, including terminological ones. This could be noticed in the name of the Law of the Ukrainian SSR from July 13, 1978 «On the Protection and Use of Monuments of History and Culture», in which instead of the term «памятник» (monument) in the Russian language and the law, the term «monument» was introduced more wide term «пямятка» (site). In general, due to the consistent policy on conservation and extensive legislation, we have been able to preserve the destruction of monuments that remind the thousand-year history and culture of Ukraine.

scholarly journals URBANISTIKOS PAVELDO IŠSAUGOJIMO TEISINĖS PRIELAIDOS LIETUVOJE

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Jūratė Jurevičienė
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
Low Efficiency

The paper discusses urgent problems of urban heritage assesment and treatment in Lithuania today. Contradictions in the system of listing, lack of fundamental investigations, indeterminate responsibility of authorities, inadequate role of local communities are revealed as the basic factors of low efficiency of urban heritage preservation. The most efficient means of urban heritage preservation are revealed in protected national and regional parks. Historic towns and villages of these areas remain more authentic than registered urban heritage sites in the other territories of Lithuania. The initiative of local administrations could also be considered as one of the most important factors in urban heritage preservation. Scandinavian experience in the protection of urban heritage reveals the importance of local inhabitants in the processes of historic town preservation. Recent international documents on cultural heritage protection and changes in the Lithuanian urban planning system enable perfection of urban heritage preservation. The launched reimbursement of expenses for restoration works in Lithuania shows positive changes in this field. Santrauka Nagrinėjamos dabarties Lietuvoje susiklosčiusios teisinės paskatos ir kliūtys išsaugoti urbanistikos paveldą. Analizuojami Lietuvos įstatymai ir įstatymų įgyvendinamieji dokumentai, reglamentuojantys urbanistikos paveldo vietovių apsaugą kultūros paveldo apskaitos bei teritorijų planavimo lygmenyse. Siekiama atskleisti urbanistinių darinių vertingųjų savybių išsaugojimo teisinių nuostatų veiksmingumą. Atskleidžiami teisiniai trukdžiai ir paskatos gyventojams dalyvauti istorinių miestų ir miestelių kultūrinės vertės išsaugojimo procesuose.

Discussion on Construction of the Weihe River System Heritage Corridor in Xi’an Metropolitan Area

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 531-536
Author(s):  
Ding Qing Zhang ◽  
Wan Wan Shao ◽  
Tu Qiang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Water System ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
River System ◽  
Linear Distribution ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Heritage Protection

The cultural heritage resources along Weihe river system in Xi’an Metropolitan Area are diverse, with the feature of linear distribution. Nevertheless the existing heritage sites in protection are separated and unrelated, in addition the surrounding environment has been destroyed to a large extent, and thus the requirement for regional protection of heritage is urgent. On the basis of theory and methodology of Heritage Corridor, initial surveys of local heritage have been done, the basic data and information has been combed, heritage constitution as well as features of spatial and diachronic distribution has been discussed, heritage value has been analyzed, and then the concept and thought of the construction of Weihe Water System Heritage Corridor in Xi’an Metropolitan Area is proposed, to provide basic research framework for regional heritage protection.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of information tendency and application features for projection mapping technologies at cultural heritage sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengyi Li ◽  
Hiromu Ito
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Interactive Technologies ◽  
Projection Mapping ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Information Characteristics ◽  
Digital Projection ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWith the rapid development of interactive technologies using projection mapping (PJM), these digital technologies have introduced new interpretative possibilities for the presentation of cultural heritage sites. PJM attracts more visitors with greater expectations to cultural heritage sites through its excellent visual effects and guidance capabilities. In the past decade, especially after 2015, design events have frequently introduced digital projections to cultural heritage sightseeing spots worldwide. However, this trend has also led to the emergence of many digital projection events that merely exhibit beautiful projection effects on buildings and neglect to show the history and value of the cultural heritage site. Based on this phenomenon, this study compiled and analyzed 45 related cases of PJM applications at cultural heritage sites around the world from the past 5 years. These 45 examples were studied by disassembling the projection content, analyzing the information characteristics exhibited in each projection video, and arranging the obtained data on a timeline chart for analysis. According to the data, two information characteristics of PJM at cultural heritage sites can be observed: “the relationship between projection content and heritage” and “information tendency.” The advantages and limitations of these characteristics were distinguished and suggestions for the application of PJM on cultural heritage sites were derived. These results can be used as a reference for other research studies on visitors to cultural heritage sites and improving digital interpretation and presentation designs.

The Discovery of a World

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elidor Mëhilli
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Socialist Realism ◽  
History Textbooks ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Future ◽  
Language Courses ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Young Writer

This chapter views socialism as a mental world, following Albanian youths sent to the Soviet Union in the 1950s for training in literature, engineering, and architecture. These youths came to see themselves and others in similar socialist terms. The encounter with Moscow was awe-inspiring, but exposure to the socialist world could also be alienating. Such contradictory reactions find expression in the lives of two individuals: an aspiring architect shipped to Moscow to learn how to plan the socialist cities of the future, and a young writer sent on a scholarship to absorb the techniques of socialist realism. The chapter also shows how party-enforced “friendship propaganda” for the Soviet Union was meant to insert Albania into a genealogy of international socialism. This campaign came with rewritten history textbooks, mandatory Russian language courses, and a system of sanctions and rewards.

Part III General International Law, Ch.23 Custom and General Principles of International Cultural Heritage Law

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francioni Francesco
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
International Law ◽  
Retroactive Effect ◽  
Widespread Acceptance ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
The Law ◽  
Domestic Law

This chapter assesses whether contemporary international law prescribes obligations in the field of cultural heritage protection, which are binding upon States and other relevant international actors independently of or even against their consent. This question is relevant for a number of reasons. First, in spite of the widespread acceptance of treaty obligations in the various fields of cultural heritage protection, many States remain outside of the treaty regimes. Second, even for the States bound by treaties in force, their obligations have no retroactive effect, therefore leaving situations or disputes arising before the entry into force of relevant treaties outside their scope of application. Third, recognition of the character of custom or general principles to certain norms of international law may guarantee a superior ranking in the domestic law hierarchy of sources of the law.

scholarly journals Administrative transformations of the cultural heritage protection authorities in Krasnoyarsk Krai (1980-2010)

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Alisa Sergeevna Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
History Of ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Protection ◽  
Protection Of Cultural Heritage

The subject of this research is the peculiarities of the historical processes of establishment and development of the system of state protection of historical and cultural heritage in the largest Siberian region – Krasnoyarsk Krai. The author explores the period of institutional development of the system in form of designated institutions since its establishment in the mid-1980s to the present. The object of this research is the system of administrative arrangement and control of the heritage protection authority in Krasnoyarsk Krai. Detailed analysis is conducted on the content of official documents, resolutions and executive orders of the government of Krasnoyarsk Krai, which served as the basic sources on the history of the organization of state protection of historical sites in the region. The author determines the peculiarities of functioning of the system of state protection of cultural heritage sites in Krasnoyarsk Krai, depending on its place in the time-varying administrative hierarchy of regional government. The research is based on the analysis of administrative transformations in the sphere of state protection of heritage through outlining gradual historical stages in the development of control (subordination) system of the cultural and historical l heritage protection authorities in Krasnoyarsk Krai The obtained conclusions lie in the peculiarities of current functioning of the system of state protection of heritage in Krasnoyarsk Krai. This article is first to trace the history of development of the system of state protection of historical and cultural heritage from the perspective of its hierarchical status in administrative governance of the region. It is indicated that the division of the state protection of monuments into an independent structure with separate authority increases the role and significance of the branch of state protection of cultural heritage sites in the region.

scholarly journals NEKILNOJAMOJO KULTŪROS PAVELDO TVARKYBOS IR STATYBOS TEISĖS NORMŲ KONKURENCIJA

Teisė ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
A. Umbrasas
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Proper Management ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
The Law ◽  
Protection Of Cultural Heritage

Publikacijoje nagrinėjami Lietuvos Respublikos nekilnojamojo kultūros paveldo apsaugos įstatyme ir Lietuvos Respublikos statybos įstatyme įtvirtintų teisės normų konkurenciniai aspektai, tvarkant architektūrinį ir urbanistinį paveldą. Atskleidžiama teisės normų taikymo specifika, analizuojant, kokios teisės normos ir kada taikytinos kaip lex specialis. Galiojantis kultūros paveldo apsaugos teisinis reguliavimas nėra aiškus ir nuoseklus – įstatymuose įtvirtintos sąvokos stokoja aiškumo, atskiros normos turi prieštaravimų, neatskirta kontroliuojančių institucijų kompetencija, yra teisinio reguliavimo spragų, o tai trukdo tinkamai tvarkyti architektūrinį ir urbanistinį paveldą, kelia teisės taikymo ir aiškinimo problemų.In this publication, competitive aspects of rules of law (as set by the Law on Protection of Immovable Cultural Heritage of Republic of Lithuania and the Law on Construction of Republic of Lithuania) are analyzed in the context of management of architectural and urban heritage. Specifics of rules of law are revealed by analyzing which rules of law are applied as lex specialis in certain situations. Contemporary legal regulation of protection of cultural heritage is not clear nor consistent – concepts defined by laws lack clarity, different rules of law contradict one another, competences of managing institutions are not separated, there are flaws in legal regulation, all of which interferes with proper management of architectural and urban heritage and raises problems in application and interpretation of law.bsp;

scholarly journals CRIMINAL LEGAL PROTECTION OF LANDS ON WHICH THE OBJECTS OF IMMOVABLE CULTURAL HERITAGE ARE LOCATED: ANALYSIS OF CERTAIN LEGISLATIVE INITIATIVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Andriy Danylevskyi ◽  
◽  
Yuliya Danylevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
The Law

In connection with the numerous facts of violations of the special legal regime of historical and cultural lands, in particular, their illegal development, a number of draft laws have been developed, which increase the responsibility for the destruction of immovable cultural heritage and violation of the traditional nature of the environment. The presented work is devoted to the analysis of legislative initiatives enshrined in the draft law No. 4562 «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning Strengthening Responsibility for the Destruction of Immovable Cultural Heritage and Violation of the Traditional Nature of the Environment», and the correlation of the provisions of this draft law with the provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the Land Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine «On the Protection of Cultural Heritage». Thus, the draft law is proposed to supplement Art. 197-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Unauthorized occupation of a land plot and unauthorized construction» with three new parts regarding the unauthorized construction of buildings or structures: in the historical area of historical settlements (Part 5 of Art. 197-1); on the territory of a historical and cultural reserve, a historical and cultural protected area, a world heritage site or in its buffer zone (Part 6 of Art. 197-1); and the acts provided for by parts five and six of this article, if they are committed repeatedly (Part 7 of Art. 197-1). In addition, it is proposed to determine the type and amount of punishment for these acts. The conducted research shows that the criminal law norms described in Art. 197-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, are able to implement a protective function regarding illegal occupation or unauthorized construction on lands of historical and cultural purposes, and therefore there is no need to adopt the law draft No. 4562 «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning Strengthening Responsibility for the destruction of immovable cultural heritage and violation of the traditional character of the environment», which is imperfect in terms of legal drafting methodology. However, a promising direction of scientific research and possible legislative initiatives on the issue under consideration may be the development of measures of criminal legal action against persons who illegally build up the lands on which cultural heritage sites are located.

Urban Cultural Heritage: Managing and Preserving a Local Global Common in the Twenty-first Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław M. Sadowski
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
First Century ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Unesco Convention ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Twenty First Century

As we approach the end of the second decade of the twenty-first century—at the moment when more people live in the cities than anywhere else—there comes a time to ponder on the role and the condition of urban cultural heritage. In times of growth, urbanization and rapid development, the city may be described as a modern battlefield of cultural heritage protection, often faced with the choice between protection and conservation, or destruction and redevelopment. This article seeks to analyse the means of protection of urban cultural heritage—a common, which is local (it takes a vital part in the creation of identity) and global (it is a part of a universal heritage) at the same time—in the international law, and to look into ways of its successful management. The first part of the article looks at the concept of the urban cultural heritage, and the second part examines the two main UNESCO conventions concerning cultural heritage protection, namely, Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage and Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, to establish whether or not they are successful tools in protecting the urban cultural heritage. The third part focuses on analysing a new approach towards urban cultural heritage advocated by UNESCO, based on the 2011 recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL), giving examples of its successful (Amsterdam, Ballarat, Cuenca) and unsuccessful application (Stockholm, Hong Kong, Macau). In the fourth part, the author suggests ways of effective governance of the urban cultural heritage in the twenty-first century, from the viewpoint of sustainable urban development, focusing on the role of cultural heritage in the city’s growth, and in the creation of identity and collective memories. The concluding part of the article seeks for an answer to the question of a need for a new UNESCO convention.

Visual activism in the geomedia era: Revitalizing heritage in the Old City of Shantou

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-301
Author(s):  
Xian Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Old City ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Image Pixels ◽  
Historic Conservation

With the rapid development of digital visualization technologies, the visual value of cultural heritage is increasingly important, giving rise to new ways to interpret the true worth of heritage. Taking the case of geomedia as an example, the article aims to reflect on how the visual culture in historic conservation has been changed by way of exploring the new significance of cultural heritage and its historic conservation in the light of geomedia. Based on my fieldtrip study of the historic conservation of the Old City in Shantou, southeastern China, I claim that historic conservation of the Old City, assisted by visual activism from the ground up, reveals its close relation to geographical sites through digital knowhow of geomedia. The interaction between image pixels and physical space contributes to the process of continuous creation and recreation of the heritage sites experienced by viewers/visitors; they are sensorially enticed to blend multiple interpretations into their physical experience in real time and construct multivalent situations for their embodied encounter. These heritage sites, once saturated with location-based visual enactment, help perform an effective role as a connective node to integrate different temporal periods as well as different groups of actors in their drive to better the city’s future.

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