scholarly journals Role of vegetation placement for temperature moderation in an urban microclimate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Torchia
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Optimal Planning ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Site Design ◽  
Solar Access ◽  
Building Walls ◽  
Multiple Trees ◽  
The City

Through optimal planning and site design, strategic selection and placement of vegetation is one approach to prevent warming in the urban core. To test this hypothesis, a paired sampling design using temperature loggers, was conducted in the City of Toronto to assess the overall effect that shading through vegetation had on moderating temperatures in the microclimate proximate to built structures. The role of vines, a single mature tree, and multiple trees growing at one site, was investigated to compare their temperature moderating benefits. Tree placement on the west facing aspect of built structures delivered the greatest overall benefits when compared to south and east facing building walls. Temperature differences between loggers reached a maximum of 11.7°C during the month of August. A mixed model evaluated the longitudinal study data and revealed that temperatures were significantly cooler (p < 0.05) in the shade of both trees and vines compared to those recorded in the sun for all aspects throughout peak solar access periods.

scholarly journals Role of vegetation placement for temperature moderation in an urban microclimate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Torchia
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Optimal Planning ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Site Design ◽  
Solar Access ◽  
Building Walls ◽  
Multiple Trees ◽  
The City

Through optimal planning and site design, strategic selection and placement of vegetation is one approach to prevent warming in the urban core. To test this hypothesis, a paired sampling design using temperature loggers, was conducted in the City of Toronto to assess the overall effect that shading through vegetation had on moderating temperatures in the microclimate proximate to built structures. The role of vines, a single mature tree, and multiple trees growing at one site, was investigated to compare their temperature moderating benefits. Tree placement on the west facing aspect of built structures delivered the greatest overall benefits when compared to south and east facing building walls. Temperature differences between loggers reached a maximum of 11.7°C during the month of August. A mixed model evaluated the longitudinal study data and revealed that temperatures were significantly cooler (p < 0.05) in the shade of both trees and vines compared to those recorded in the sun for all aspects throughout peak solar access periods.

scholarly journals MONITORING THE CONGESTION OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS FOR THE POSSIBILITY OF INTRODUCING THE CROWD SHIPPING DELIVERY IN BRATISLAVA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-285
Author(s):  
Andrii Galkin ◽  
Tibor Schlosser ◽  
Silvia Cápayová ◽  
Denis Kopytkov ◽  
Ganna Samchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
The City

The aim is to study the congestion of urban passenger transport in the historical part of Bratislava for the possibility of introducing crowdsourcing technology. The visual methods of examination are used in work. According to the results of the study, data were obtained on the congestion of urban passenger transport and its distribution by hours of the day at the entrances to the historic part of the city. The obtained results indicate the possibility of using crowd shipping technology in off-peak periods. Monitoring of public transport flows in the urban core will identifying the distribution of travellers and contribute to understanding the time window for implementing crowd shipping technology during the day, minimal whit influence on the other participants of the transport process. The peak traffic load is observed on the routes passing through the Slovak National Rebellion (SNP) square in direct downtown of the city, from 8 am to 9 am and from 4-6 pm in the evening, and from 7 am to 8 am in the morning and 5-6 pm for the routes passing through the SNP bridge across the river Danube. A new way to monitoring the number of passengers in public transport was suggested. The paper provides credits for future development sharing technology and sustainable development of transport in Slovakia. The results could be usfull for transport policy and regularities for local government in Bratislava in case of apply new delivery technology.

scholarly journals RUMAH KEBERSAMAAN ANTARA HEWAN DAN MANUSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Benedikta Jennifer Christanto ◽  
Franky Liauw
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
City Community ◽  
Agrarian Communities ◽  
The Media ◽  
Building Walls ◽  
The City

People are social beings who need each other. People as social beings cannot live alone and need other living beings to survive. The city is characterized as a place where people live and work and are the center of the economy. Heterogeneous cities and majority of non-agrarian communities cause the community to be individualist. People begin to forget about the true socialization meaning and start building walls with each other. This research aims to reduce the level of individualism in the city community through the role of architectural space as well as pet media for dogs, cats and rabbits. The methods of this study include: first, conducting literary studies, surveying and observing the location and environment surrounding the site and region; The second learns the needs of the surrounding community and the reason society becomes individualist; All three programs that suit the needs of the community with the activity collection so that the objective of the project will be achieved. Through observation, experimentation and based on precedent, it is hoped that we can obtain the criteria of architectural design to suit the needs of the surrounding community, with the main objective of unifying and interpreting the surrounding community so that Fading the sense of individualism by interacting well with the media of the same pet or hobby or craze. AbstrakManusia merupakan mahkhluk sosial yang saling membutuhkan satu sama lainnya. Manusia sebagai mahkhluk sosial tidak dapat hidup sendiri dan membutuhkan mahkhluk hidup lainnya untuk bertahan hidup. Kota ditandai sebagai  tempat dimana masyarakat tinggal dan bekerja serta merupakan pusat perekonomian. Masyarakat kota yang heterogen dan mayoritas penduduknya bekerja non-agraris menyebabkan masyarakat bersifat individualis. Masyarakat mulai melupakan arti sosialisasi yang sesungguhnya dan mulai membangun dinding antara satu dengan yang lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi tingkat individualis dalam masyarakat kota melalui peran ruang arsitektur serta media hewan peliharaan baik anjing, kucing maupun kelinci. Metode dari penelitian ini, antara lain: pertama, melakukan studi literatur, survei dan melakukan observasi terhadap lokasi dan lingkungan sekitar tapak dan kawasan. Kedua mempelajari kebutuhan dari masyarakat sekitar dan alasan masyarakat menjadi individualis. Ketiga menyusun program yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat dengan pendataan aktivitas sehingga diharapkan tujuan dari proyek akan tercapai. Melalui observasi, eksperimen serta berlandaskan dari preseden, diharapkan dapat memperoleh kriteria rancangan arsitektur yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar, dengan tujuan utama untuk menyatukan dan menyetarakan masyarakat sekitar sehingga memudarkan rasa individualis dengan cara berinteraksi baik dengan media berupa hewan peliharaan maupun hobi atau kegemaran yang sama.

Codifying Invisible Borders: How Municipal Ordinances Inscribe Market Values on the Landscape in Downtown Los Angeles

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-393
Author(s):  
Mindy Farabee
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Neighborhood Revitalization ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
The City

AbstractZoning codes dramatically impact every community they touch. Ostensibly, these ordinances are meant to impose some collectively determined order on our built environments. In practice, they often draw lines in the sand that distribute power unevenly between residents. As home to the U.S.’ second largest homeless population, Los Angeles is but a stark example of the widespread housing crisis hitting many cities around the globe. In the 1970s, this is where the city drew borders around its Skid Row and consolidated social services in a bid to contain homelessness within the region’s urban core. As part of a an ambitious initiative launched in 2013, the city is now updating the zoning codes across its downtown area, a move that is prompting a vigorous debate over the role of municipal ordinances in codifying market-driven approaches to neighborhood revitalization. This interview engages with the Janus face of borders as inclusionary and exclusionary, asking: through what mechanisms – subtle and overt – do zoning codes dictate the shape of our private and communal spaces? And how can communities stake out their turf among competing value systems?

scholarly journals Strategi Distribusi Zakat dan Pemberdayaan Mustahik: Studi Kasus Baznas Kota Mataram

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Selamat Riadi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This research is a research conducted with the aim of knowing the management strategy of zakat fund distribution by the City of BAZNAS (National Amil Zakat Agency) of Mataram City, what factors are obstacles when distributing zakat funds and the role of zakat fund distribution strategies in increasing the empowerment of mustahik in the City Mataram. This research includes field research. From the nature of the data, this research is a descriptive qualitative study. Data collection techniques in this study used observation techniques, then conducted interviews, and used documentation, both documentation from BAZNAS (National Amil Zakat Agency) of Mataram City as well as other documentation relating to the focus of research in this study. The findings of this study are the strategy of distributing zakat funds by the City of Mataram BAZNAS showing that from a number of strategies that have been carried out by the City of BAZNAS Mataram itself is still less than optimal, especially in the empowerment of Mustahiq in the City of Mataram. The management strategy undertaken in the distribution of zakat funds has yet to have a significant impact on Mustahik himself, due to the lack of direct socialization. This has caused Muzakki's lack of understanding and trust in distributing his zakat through the City of Mataram BAZNAS. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui strategi manajemen pendistribusian dana zakat oleh BAZNAS (Badan Amil Zakat Nasional) Kota Mataram, faktor-faktor apa saja yang menjadi penghambat pada saat mendistribusikan dana zakat serta peranan strategi pendistribusian dana zakat dalam meningkatkan pemberdayaan mustahik di Kota Mataram. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian lapangan (field research). Dari sifat datanya, penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, kemudian melakukan wawancara, dan menggunakan dokumentasi, baik itu dokumentasi dari BAZNAS (Badan Amil Zakat Nasional) Kota Mataram sendiri serta dokumentasi-dokumentasi lainnya yang berkaitan dengan fokus penelitian dalam penelitian ini. Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini adalah strategi pendistribusian dana zakat oleh BAZNAS Kota Mataram menunjukkan bahwa dari beberapa strategi yang telah dilakukan oleh BAZNAS Kota Mataram sendiri masih kurang optimal, terutama dalam pemberdayaan Mustahiq di Kota Mataram. Strategi manajemen yang dilakukan dalam pendistribusian dana zakat masih belum menimbulkan dampak signifikan yang dirasakan oleh mustahik sendiri, karena kurangnya sosialisasi secara langsung. Hal ini menimbulkan kurangnya pemahaman dan kepercayaan Muzakki dalam menyalurkan harta zakatnya melalui BAZNAS Kota Mataram.

scholarly journals The Role of Social Capital in the Employability of University Graduates in Zambia: A Case of University of Zambia Graduates

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Eliphas Machacha
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
People Of Influence ◽  
The City

The research presented in this paper was designed to investigate the role of social capital in the employability of University Graduates in Zambia: A Case of University of Zambia Graduates. The study focused on the period between the years 2000 and 2015. In this study social capital was operationalised as social connections that can be used in search of jobs. Employability was operationalised as the ability to get employed or get a job. This research used a sequential mixed method research design to investigate the research problem. The study was carried out in the City of Lusaka. 208 University of Zambia Graduates and 16 employers participated in this study. Data were collected using a questionnaire and interviews. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used in the management and analysis of quantitative data while thematic analysis was applied in the analysis of qualitative data. The results from this study indicated that UNZA Graduates attach a lot of importance to the use of social connections in search of job opportunities in the labour market. However, only powerful social connections were effective in this process and were not available to everyone. The results also revealed that social connections through relatives and close friends were more effective in their employability than social connections through acquaintances and potential employers. In conclusion, this study showed that social connections facilitated by relatives and close friends through people of influence in society were more effective but, to a large extent, they depend on one’s social status.

PROBLEMS OF STRAY ANIMALS IN NOVOSIBIRSK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Elena E. Rinchinova ◽  
Diyara A. Takumova ◽  
Irina I. Bochkareva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The City

The article discusses main issues of organizing activities for the treatment of stray and street animals in the city of Novosibirsk. The important role of successful solving the problem of stray animals in ensuring environmental comfort and safety of the urban population is noted. Definitions of the concepts “stray animals” and “street animals” are given, the differences between them are emphasized. The main regulatory and legal documents governing the handling of stray and street animals are listed. The ways in which domestic animals get into a stray state are described briefly. The results of the collection and analysis of information on the activities of shelters for stray animals in Novosibirsk are described. The information on the quantitative indicators of the shelters are given. Conclusions on how to solve the problem of stray animals, relying on the latest regulations are drawn.

Crossing the Pomerium

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Koortbojian
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Civic Life ◽  
Public Monuments ◽  
Religion And Law ◽  
Mediterranean World ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Military ◽  
The City

The ancient Romans famously distinguished between civic life in Rome and military matters outside the city—a division marked by the pomerium, an abstract religious and legal boundary that was central to the myth of the city's foundation. This book explores, by means of images and texts, how the Romans used social practices and public monuments to assert their capital's distinction from its growing empire, to delimit the proper realms of religion and law from those of war and conquest, and to establish and disseminate so many fundamental Roman institutions across three centuries of imperial rule. The book probes such topics as the appearance in the city of Romans in armor, whether in representation or in life, the role of religious rites on the battlefield, and the military image of Constantine on the arch built in his name. Throughout, the book reveals how, in these instances and others, the ancient ideology of crossing the pomerium reflects the efforts of Romans not only to live up to the ideals they had inherited, but also to reconceive their past and to validate contemporary practices during a time when Rome enjoyed growing dominance in the Mediterranean world. The book explores a problem faced by generations of Romans—how to leave and return to hallowed city ground in the course of building an empire.

Peranan Ketua Pengurus dan Manajer Dalam Penyusunan dan Penerapan Laporan Keuangan Berbasis SAK ETAP Pada Koperasi di Kota Palembang

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Riza Syahputera ◽  
Martha Rianty
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the role of the Chairperson and Cooperative Manager in the preparation and application of Financial Statements based on SAK ETAP in cooperatives in the city of Palembang. This research is a quantitative study using data obtained from questionnaires and measured using a Likert scale. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample used in this study was the Chairperson of the cooperative and the manager of the cooperative in the city of Palembang. The cooperatives studied were 203 cooperatives. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression test. The results showed that the role of cooperative leaders and managers had a significant positive effect on the preparation and application of SAK ETAP-based financial statements.Keywords : chairman, manager, SAK ETAP, cooperative

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