scholarly journals South Asian first-generation and second-generation family relationships

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaganpreet Deol
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
School Work ◽  
Dual Identity ◽  
Generation Family ◽  
External Sources

The topic of this research is examining family dynamics and dual identity. The aim of the research was to analyze whether identity and social construction of ideologies influence family dynamics. It examined how social and internal factors affect a family, focusing on first-generation and second-generation families. This was a qualitative study examining first-generation and second-generation South Asian individuals. I interviewed the individuals using open-ended questions to examine the experiences of adult first-generation Canadians and second-generation Canadians. The study examined how their relationships are affected and influenced by external sources such as school, work, social circles and western ideologies. In conclusion, although themes were common among participants the experience of families and individuals are based on the unique and individualized family.

scholarly journals South Asian first-generation and second-generation family relationships

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaganpreet Deol
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
School Work ◽  
Dual Identity ◽  
Generation Family ◽  
External Sources

The topic of this research is examining family dynamics and dual identity. The aim of the research was to analyze whether identity and social construction of ideologies influence family dynamics. It examined how social and internal factors affect a family, focusing on first-generation and second-generation families. This was a qualitative study examining first-generation and second-generation South Asian individuals. I interviewed the individuals using open-ended questions to examine the experiences of adult first-generation Canadians and second-generation Canadians. The study examined how their relationships are affected and influenced by external sources such as school, work, social circles and western ideologies. In conclusion, although themes were common among participants the experience of families and individuals are based on the unique and individualized family.

scholarly journals Sex ratios at birth among second-generation mothers of South Asian ethnicity in Ontario, Canada: a retrospective population-based cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 1044-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susitha Wanigaratne ◽  
Pamela Uppal ◽  
Manvir Bhangoo ◽  
Alia Januwalla ◽  
Deepa Singal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
South Asian ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Son Preference ◽  
Asian Ethnicity ◽  
South Asian Ethnicity ◽  
First Generation Migrants

BackgroundSon-biased sex ratios at birth (M:F), an extreme manifestation of son preference, are predominately found in East and South Asia. Studies have examined sex ratios among first-generation migrants from these regions, but few have examined second-generation descendants. Our objective was to determine whether son-biased sex ratios persist among second-generation mothers with South Asian ethnicity in Ontario, Canada.MethodologyA surname algorithm identified a population-based cohort of mothers with South Asian ethnicity who gave birth in Ontario between 1993 and 2014 (n=59 659). Linking to official immigration data identified births to first-generation mothers (ie, immigrants). Births not to immigrants were designated as being to second-generation mothers (ie, born in Canada) (n=10 273). Sex ratios and 95% CI were stratified by the sex of previous live births and by whether it was preceded by ≥1 abortion for both first-generation and second-generation mothers.ResultsAmong mothers with two previous daughters and at least one prior abortion since the second birth, both second-generation mothers and first-generation mothers had elevated sex ratios at the third birth (2.80 (95% CI 1.36 to 5.76) and 2.46 (95% CI 1.93 to 3.12), respectively). However, among mothers with no prior abortion, second-generation mothers had a normal sex ratio, while first-generation mothers gave birth to 142 boys for every 100 girls (95% CI 125 to 162 boys for every 100 girls).ConclusionSon preference persists among second-generation mothers of South Asian ethnicity. Culturally sensitive and community-driven gender equity interventions are needed.

scholarly journals Identity and difference – re-thinking UK South Asian entrepreneurship

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-589
Author(s):  
Mark Christopher McPherson
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Identity And Difference ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose This paper, which is part of a larger study, aims to discuss from an ethno-cultural perspective, the notion of self-identification and difference pertaining to first and second-generation South Asian male entrepreneurs. In essence, previous studies have not explored this dimension to any sufficient depth. Therefore, evidence is unclear as to how ethno-culture has informed entrepreneurial identity and difference. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a phenomenological research paradigm, 42 semi-structured interviews were conducted with first- and second-generation Sikh and Pakistani Muslim male entrepreneurs in Greater London. A typology of second-generation entrepreneurs is developed and a research agenda proposed. Findings First-generation respondents regard the UK as home and do not suffer from shifts in identity. These particular respondents identify themselves as Sikh or Pakistani Muslim or a Businessman. However, the second-generation identify themselves via three distinct labels. Here respondents stress their ethnicity by using Hyphenated British identities or hide their ethnicity behind the term a Normal Businessman, or appear opportunists by using ethnicity as a resource to espouse a true entrepreneurial identity. Research limitations/implications The research environment within the Greater London area where the respondents are located may not be as generalisable when compared with other parts of the UK. Originality/value This paper offers a unique insight into self-prescribed identity and difference noted among London’s ethnic entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Reflections on 'Performing' Canadian-ness as a way of 'Passing'

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Saba Alvi
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Third Space ◽  
Teaching Tool ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Personal Stories ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Reflective Essay

This reflective essay explores my family’s intergenerational experiences of belonging and exclusion in and through Canadian spaces. I share how my parents, first generation Canadians, navigated cultural and religious traditions in order to help their children “pass” as Canadians–meaning, performing “norms” of perceived “Canadian-ness” to fit in. For me, the implications of this resulted in tensions around my identity and self-worth. I unpack personal stories of residing within a “third space,” as a second generation Canadian who identifies as and is also visibly identified as, South Asian and Muslim. I close the essay by appealing to Derrida’s concept of “unconditional hospitality” as a pedagogical parenting and teaching tool to inform my own children’s multifaceted identities as Canadians.

scholarly journals What shapes physical activity attitudes within an ethnic minority? An intergenerational comparison of British Indian women

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Bhatnagar ◽  
Charlie Foster ◽  
Alison Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
South Asian ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Barriers To Physical Activity

Abstract Background: Survey data indicate that second-generation UK South Asian women are more physically active than first-generation women, but less active than White British women. In the 2011 UK census, approximately 50% of UK South Asian ethnic groups were born in the UK, and this group is increasing as the second-generation also have children. Qualitative work is needed to determine why these changes in physical activity have occurred and how we might further reduce the gap in physical activity levels between White British women and British Indian women. Methods : We used qualitative methods to understand attitudes, barriers and motivations for physical activity in two generations of British Indian women, using a socioecological model to take into account the wider social and physical contexts. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 28 Indian women living in Manchester, England. Respondents completed a 7-day exercise diary prior to the interview. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, thematically coded and analysed using a grounded theory approach. Results : Gender strongly influenced the physical activity of both the first and second-generation. Physical activity lessons in school and the media influenced second-generation Indian women's attitudes to physical activity. Consequently, their motivations and barriers to physical activity were very similar to those reported for White British women. Second-generation Muslim women reported their religion affecting the way they exercise, however this was not the case for the Hindu and Sikh women in this study. First-generation Indian women reported prioritising family and housework over leisure-time physical activity; this is similar to findings reported in previous research on physical activity in South Asian women. Conclusions : Among second-generation Indian women, gender-related barriers to physical activity were very similar to those already reported for White British women. Therefore public health measures aimed at combating conflicts between femininity and being physically active may also positively affect second-generation Indian women. First-generation Indian women are likely to respond better to culturally tailored interventions. Future research should further explore the effects of religion on the physical activity on women and generational differences in the physical activity attitudes of other ethnic minorities.

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes risks and determinants in second-generation migrants and mixed ethnicity people of South Asian and African Caribbean descent in the UK

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliki-Eleni Farmaki ◽  
Victoria Garfield ◽  
Sophie V. Eastwood ◽  
Ruth E. Farmer ◽  
Rohini Mathur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
South Asian ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Mixed Ethnicity ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Excess risks of type 2 diabetes in UK South Asians (SA) and African Caribbeans (AC) compared with Europeans remain unexplained. We studied risks and determinants of type 2 diabetes in first- and second-generation (born in the UK) migrants, and in those of mixed ethnicity. Methods Data from the UK Biobank, a population-based cohort of ~500,000 participants aged 40–69 at recruitment, were used. Type 2 diabetes was assigned using self-report and HbA1c. Ethnicity was both self-reported and genetically assigned using admixture level scores. European, mixed European/South Asian (MixESA), mixed European/African Caribbean (MixEAC), SA and AC groups were analysed, matched for age and sex to enable comparison. In the frames of this cross-sectional study, we compared type 2 diabetes in second- vs first-generation migrants, and mixed ethnicity vs non-mixed groups. Risks and explanations were analysed using logistic regression and mediation analysis, respectively. Results Type 2 diabetes prevalence was markedly elevated in SA (599/3317 = 18%) and AC (534/4180 = 13%) compared with Europeans (140/3324 = 4%). Prevalence was lower in second- vs first-generation SA (124/1115 = 11% vs 155/1115 = 14%) and AC (163/2200 = 7% vs 227/2200 = 10%). Favourable adiposity (i.e. lower waist/hip ratio or BMI) contributed to lower risk in second-generation migrants. Type 2 diabetes in mixed populations (MixESA: 52/831 = 6%, MixEAC: 70/1045 = 7%) was lower than in comparator ethnic groups (SA: 18%, AC: 13%) and higher than in Europeans (4%). Greater socioeconomic deprivation accounted for 17% and 42% of the excess type 2 diabetes risk in MixESA and MixEAC compared with Europeans, respectively. Replacing self-reported with genetically assigned ethnicity corroborated the mixed ethnicity analysis. Conclusions/interpretation Type 2 diabetes risks in second-generation SA and AC migrants are a fifth lower than in first-generation migrants. Mixed ethnicity risks were markedly lower than SA and AC groups, though remaining higher than in Europeans. Distribution of environmental risk factors, largely obesity and socioeconomic status, appears to play a key role in accounting for ethnic differences in type 2 diabetes risk. Graphical abstract

The SRM Approach to Family Assessment

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Cook
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family Assessment ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Analysis Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Direction Of Effects

Abstract. In family systems, it is possible for one to put oneself at risk by eliciting aversive, high-risk behaviors from others ( Cook, Kenny, & Goldstein, 1991 ). Consequently, it is desirable that family assessments should clarify the direction of effects when evaluating family dynamics. In this paper a new method of family assessment will be presented that identifies bidirectional influence processes in family relationships. Based on the Social Relations Model (SRM: Kenny & La Voie, 1984 ), the SRM Family Assessment provides information about the give and take of family dynamics at three levels of analysis: group, individual, and dyad. The method will be briefly illustrated by the assessment of a family from the PIER Program, a randomized clinical trial of an intervention to prevent the onset of psychosis in high-risk young people.

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