scholarly journals TO THE STUDY OF HIGHER VASCULAR PLANTS AND LICHES OF THE KARDASHYNKA SWAMP WITHIN THE NYZHNYODNIPROVSKYI NNP

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Dzerkal V.M. ◽  
Naumovich G.O. ◽  
Ponomareva A.A.
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Carex Lasiocarpa ◽  
Nymphaea Alba ◽  
Melilotus Albus ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Carex Acuta

Kardashynka swamp is the largest swamp not only in the Kherson region, but also in the entire steppe zone of Ukraine. According to the results of the study of the part of the Kardashynka swamp, which in 2015 became part of the Nyzhnyodniprovskyi National Nature Park and is located in the Kherson region between the villages of Kokhany of Holoprystansky and Solonets of Oleshkivsky districts, 214 species of vascular plants were recorded, which belong to 194 genera and 83 families. The leading families of flora are: Asteraceae (31 species), Cyperaceae (19), Poaceae (15), Lamiaceae (10), Fabaceae (9), Brassicaceae (8), Rosaceae (9), Caryophyllaceae (8). We have not identified the species included in the Red Book of Ukraine in the studied area. Among the regionally rare species, the growth of: Alnus glutinosa, Quercus robur, Dryopteris carthusiana, Fraxinus excelsior, Nymphaea alba, Carex lasiocarpa was observed. The basis of vegetation is compiled of: in the swamps −Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Iris pseudacorus L., Frangula alnus Mill., Typha angustifolia L., Urtica dioica L., Tephroseris palustris (L.) Rchb., Carex elata All., Carex pseudocyperus L., Hottonia palustris L. Poa bulbosa L.; in the meadows – Plantago major L., Alsine media (L.) Vill., Cerastium glutinosum Fries, Lathyrus palustris L.,; Poa bulbosa, Poa palustris L., Carex acuta L., Carex acutiformis Ehrh., Melilotus albus Medik., Trifolium arvense L., Glechoma hederacea L. Juncus effusus L., and in reservoirs - Lemna minor L., Lemna trisulca L. , Nymphaea alba L., Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm., Myriophyllum sp. Lichen biota is represented mainly by epiphytes on the bark of Salix sp. and Populus alba. On the bark of Populus alba, a typical for this area species Xanthoria parietina, Amandinea punctata, Scholiciosporum chlorococcum, Physcea adscendens, Physcia tenella are presented. Also, we note that among the priority areas for the development of nature reserves is the possibility of expanding the territories. One of such objects, which, eventually, can be included in the boundaries of NNP "Nyzhnyodniprovskyi", is the designed botanical reserve of national importance "Kardashinka swamp". The part of the territory is already included to the economic zone of NNP "Nyzhnyodniprovskyi". Key words: swamp, species, sozophytes, national nature park

scholarly journals Flora and segetal vegetation of the Sulejów Nature Park. Part I. Segetal flora

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 163-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula A. Warcholińska
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Segetal Flora

This paper presents the result of researches on the segetal flora of the Sulejów Nature Park. The segetal flora of this area comprises 348 taxons of vascular plants. Apophytes (205 taxons) and therophytes (166 taxons) constitute the most numerous group. There are 76 taxons on the list threatened segetal plants.

scholarly journals Datos sobre la flora y vegetación de la cuenca del río Guadiamar (Sevilla-Huelva, España).

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 189-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés V. Pérez Latorre ◽  
Patricia Navas ◽  
David Navas ◽  
Yolanda Gil ◽  
Baltasar Cabezudo
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Ulmus Minor ◽  
Guadiamar River ◽  
Sierra Morena ◽  
Fraxinus Angustifolia ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
Vegetation Series

RESUMEN. Datos sobre la flora y vegetación de la cuenca del río Guadiamar (Sevilla-Huelva, España). Sc ha realizado un estudio florístico, fitocenológico y fitogeográfico de la cuenca hidrográfica del río Guadiamar (Sevilla-Huelva, Andalucía, España). Bioclimáticamente domina en la cuenca el piso termomecliterráneo (con un reducto mesomediterráneo al NW) y el ombrotipo subhúmedo (seco al S). Se propone una sectorización fitogeográfica para la cuenca a un nivel inferior al de sector y resaltando el papel de conector de la cuenca del Guadiamar entre la provincia Luso-Extremadurense (Sierra Morena) y la Tingitano-Onubo-Algarviense (arenales y marismas). Como resultado sobre la flora, se presenta un conjunto de especies de interés por estar protegidas, por su escasez en la cuenca, en Andalucía Occidental, o por indicar determinados ecosistemas frágiles o singulares. Respecto a la vegetación, el territorio presenta una gran diversidad de asociaciones y comunidades (96), algunas de ellas son novedades sintaxonómicas: Imperato cylindricae-Scirpetum holoschoeni, Cisto salvifolii-Ulicetum australis lavanduletosum sampaianae, Malcomio trilobae-Hytnenocarpetum hamosi loeflingietosunz baeticae, Ornithopi isthmocarpi-Anthoxantetum ovati y vulpietosum alopecuroris, Ranunculo peltati-Callitrichetum brutiae y Ranunculo hederacei-Callitrichetum stagnalis. Además se lectotipifican Polypogono monspeliensis-Ranunculetum scelerati y Scolymo maculati-Sylibetum mariani. Se han catalogado 13 series de vegetación, 5 de tipo climatófilo, dominadas por fagáceas (Quercus suber y Quercus rotundtfolia) con faci aciones de Pious pinea, Olea europaea var. sylvestris o Quercus broteroi, y 8 de tipo edafohidrófi lo (caracterizadas respectivamente por Populus alba, Fraxinus angustifolia, Ulmus minor, Alnus glutinosa, Salix pedicellata, Nerium oleander, Tamariz gallica y Securinega tinctorea). Así mismo, aparecen complejos edafogénicos (mosaicos) de vegetación halófila en Entremuros (Parque Natural de Doñana) y de vegetación dulceacuícola por toda la cuenca. La vegetación permanente edafoxerófila corresponde a Genistetum polyanthi. Se presentan un esquema sintaxonómico, tablas fitosociológicas de novedades y un mapa de las series de vegetación.Palabras clave. Flora, vegetación, Fitogeografía, río Guadiamar, Sevilla, Huelva, Andalucía, España.SUMMARY. Flora and vegetation in the basin of the Guadiamar river (Seville-Huelva, Spain). We have carried out a floristical, phytocoenological and phytogeographical study about the Guadiamar river basin (Seville-Huelva, Andalusia, Spain). Thermo-mediterranean bioclimatic belt (appearing a little meso-mediterranean belt area towards NW) and sub humid ombro-type (dry towards S) characterises the basin. It is proposed a phytogeographical scheme under sector level for the Guadiamar basin. Stands out the corridor role of the Guadiamar river between the phytogeographical provinces Luso-Extremadurense (Sierra Morena) and Tingitano-Onubo- Algarviense (sandy lands and marshes). A group of species are highlighted as a result of being protected, rare in the basin or in Western Andalusia or because of living in fragile or singular ecosystems. Regarding the vegetation, a high diversity of plant communities has been found (96), some of them are new syntaxa or combinations: Impercaocylindricae-Scirpetumholoschoeni, Cisto salvifolii-Ulicetum australis lavanduletosum sampaianae, Malcomio trilobae- flymenocarpetum hamosi loeflingietosum baeticae, Ornithopi istlunocarpi-Anthoxantetum ovati and vulpietosutn alopecuroris, Ranunculo peltati-Callitrichetum brutiae, Ranunculo hederacei- Callitrichetum stagnalis. Two syntaxa are lectotypified here: Polypogono tnonspeliensis- Ranunculetum scelerati and Scolymo niaculati-Sylibetum mariani. 13 vegetation series have been recorded: 5 climactic, characterised by Quercus sober and Quercus rotundifolia showing variants with Pious pinea, Olea sylvestris or Quercus broteroi. 8 series are linked to riverside biotopes and respectively characterised by Populus alba, Fraxinus angustifolia, Ulmus minor, Alnus glutinosa, Salix pee/ice//ala, Nerium oleander, Tamarix gal lica and Securinega tinctorea. Halophytic vegetation (mosaics) is located in Entremuros near the Doilana marshes and also wetlands with hydrophilic vegetation are spread all over the basin. Soil-xeric permanent vegetation is represented by Genistetum polyanthi. A syntaxonomical scheme, phytosociological tables and one map of the vegetation series are also included.Key words. Flora, vegetation, Phytogeography, Guadiamar river basin, Seville, Huelva, Andalusia, Spain.

Coprophilous ascomycetes of the Oleshkivski Pisky National Nature Park (Kherson region, Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Lytvynenko Yu.I. ◽  
Romanova D.A. ◽  
Orlova-Hudіm K.S. ◽  
Hudіm A.O. ◽  
Vakal A.P.
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Mycological Research ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
First Time

As a result of mycological research 34 species of coprophilous ascomycetes from 14 genera, 10 families, and 5 orders were recorded on the territory of the Oleshkivski Pisky National Nature Park. Among them 15 species belonged to the class Sordariomycetes, 12 – to Dothideomycetes, and 7 – to Pezizomycetes. Among the orders of the fungi, Sordariales – 12 species, Pleosporales – 11, and Pezizales – 7, occupy the leading position; the rest of the orders revealed the fewer number of species. Among the families, Sporormiaceae, Podosporaceae, Coniochaetaceae, Delitschiaceae, and Sordariacea, were the most abundant regarding the number of species and specimens. The species from the five leading families represent 64,7% of the total number of identified species. Among the found genera of the coprophilous ascomycetes, Coniochaeta, Delitschia, Sordaria, Sporormiella, and Triangularia prevailed by number of species, demonstrating much larger diversity, than others. Environmental conditions inside the park are more favorable for the development of loculoascomycetes and pyrenomycetes. The discomycetes species diversity was much less. The list of recorded fungi and their substrates is presented. All species of ascomycetes were collected on the hare and cattle excrements. Other dung types have not been studied. 31 species are new to the territory of the park, 15 species are new records for the steppe zone of Ukraine. Coniochaeta hansenii and Sporormiella tetramera are first recorded in Ukraine. Descriptions, illustrations, synonyms and general distribution are provided for them. C. hansenii is a fairly common and widespread species in the world, occurring mainly on the leporid droppings. In the park, this species was also collected on hare dung. S. tetramera also belongs to the widespread but rare species of coprophilous ascomycetes, known from isolated records in a few countries. It was collected on the hare excrements in the park. Сoniochaeta leucoplaca, Delitshia perpusilla and Triangularia comata were collected for the first time in the steppe zone of Ukraine and for the second time in the country. У результаті дослідження копрофільних аскоміцетів Національного природного парку «Олешківські піски» було виявлено 34 види грибів із 14 родів, 10 родини та 5 порядків. Це представники трьох класів: Sordariomycetes – 15 видів, Dothideomycetes – 12, Pezizomycetes – 7. Серед порядків найчисельнішими є Sordariales – 12 видів, Pleosporales – 11 та Pezizales – 7. У родинному спектрі грибів переважають представники Sporormiaceae, Podosporaceae, Coniochaetaceae, Delitschiaceae та Sordariacea, які об’єднують 64,7% загальної кількості виявлених видів аскоміцетів. Серед родів переважають Coniochaeta, Delitschia, Sordaria, Sporormiella та Triangularia. Екологічні умови території парку є більш сприятливими для розвитку локулоаскоміцетів і піреноміцетів. Кількість знахідок видів дискоміцетів є незначною. Представлено список зареєстрованих видів грибів, для кожного виду вказано локалітети та живильні субстрати. Всі види грибів зібрані на посліді зайця та корови. Інші типи копром не досліджувались. З виявлених видів аскоміцетів 31 наводиться вперше для території парку, 15 є новими для степової зони України. Два види аскоміцетів є новими для мікобіоти України та Східної Європи: Coniochaeta hansenii та Sporormiella tetramera. У статті представлено їх діагнози та фото, обговорюються деталі морфології, субстратної приуроченості та поширення у світі. C. hansenii є досить звичайним та поширеним у світі видом, що переважно трапляється на екскрементах зайцеподібних.На території парку також була зібрана на копромах зайця. S. tetramera належить до поширених у світі, але рідкісних видів копрофільних аскоміцетів, відомих з поодиноких знахідок у небагатьох країнах. У парку зібрана на посліді зайця. Знахідки Сoniochaeta leucoplaca, Delitshia perpusilla та Triangularia comata є новими для території степової зони України та вдруге наводяться для нашої держави.

scholarly journals VARIACIÓN ESPACIO-TEMPORAL DE PLANTAS VASCULARES ACUÁTICAS EN EL COMPLEJO CENAGOSO DEL BAJO SINÚ, CÓRDOBA, COLOMBIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabi Del Socorro PÉREZ-VÁSQUEZ ◽  
Jorge Arias-Rios ◽  
Jorge Alexander Quirós-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Time Variation ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Family ◽  
San Sebastian ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
One Year

<p>Se determinó la variación espacio temporal de las plantas vasculares acuáticas en las ciénagas de María Arriba, San Sebastián, Purísima y Momil del complejo cenagoso del bajo Sinú (CCBS), en el departamento de Córdoba (Colombia), abarcando los periodos hidrológicos ocurridos durante el año 2011. El área de estudio se dividió en cuatro sectores y mediante el método de intercepción en línea se determinó la abundancia y frecuencia de las hidrófitas. En cada sector se extendió una línea de 200 m perpendicular al litoral y sobre ella se ubicaron cuadrantes de 1 m<sup>2</sup> cada 50 m, en los que, se determinó la cobertura y frecuencia de las diferentes especies  Se registraron 39659 individuos distribuidos en 24 familias, 30 géneros y 35 especies. La mayor abundancia de especies se presentó en Momil con 18582 individuos, siendo la familia Lemnaceae la más representativa. El análisis de varianza (ANOVA) indica que no existen diferencias estadísticas significativas en la abundancia de la especies de plantas acuáticas de los  meses de muestreo (F=1,04; GL=11; <em>p</em> = 0,083), sin embargo, se evidenció la incidencia del período hidrológico sobre la dinámica de crecimiento de las plantas, algunas especies desaparecen en época seca, otras sobreviven un periodo corto de tiempo, mientras que otras como <em>Lemna minor</em> L y <em>Salvinia auriculata</em> Aubl aumentan en época de lluvia.</p><p><strong>Space-time Variation of Aquatic Vascular Plants in Complex Low Swampy Sinú, Córdoba, Colombia</strong></p><p>The space-time variation of vascular aquatic vegetation was studied in Maria Arriba, San Sebastian, Purísima and Momil swamps of the lower Sinú swamp complex, located in the department of Córdoba (Colombia), covering hydrological periods occurred in one year. The area of study was divided in four sectors and by the linear intercept method it was determined the abundance and frequency of the hydrophytes. In each sector, a line of 200 m was extended perpendicularly to the coastline where located quadrants of 1m<sup>2 </sup>for each 50 m determined, the coverage and frequency of the different species. They were recorded 39659 individuals distributed in 24 families, 30 genus and 35 species. The highest abundance of species was presented in Momil with 18582 individuals being the family Lemnaceae the most representative. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that not exist statistically significantly different in the abundance of the species of aquatic plants from sampling months (F=1,04; GL=11; <em>p</em>= 0,083), however, it has demonstrated the incidence of a hydrological period on the plants  dynamic growth,  some species disappear in dry season, others survive for  a short period of time, while others like  <em>Lemna minor </em>L. y <em>Salvinia auriculata</em>  Aubl. increase  in the rainy season. <strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals State o Phytocenosis in Beremytske Nature Park

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Nature Park

Purpose. Botanical analysis of existing vegetation in the territory of the “Beremitske” Nature Park for further zoning and selection of individual territories where reproduction of the original state of the phytocenosis is planned. Methods. Field research methods for the analysis of the taxonomic composition of the flora in the park, cartographic methods for zoning the area and historical analysis of the land use of the former landowners. Results. The conducted flora monitoring showed that in the studied territories the adventitious and synanthropic species predominated, in particular in the meadow-steppe areas the invasive and synanthropic vegetation was represented by Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Asclepias syriaca, Amaranthus retroflexus, Arctium lappa, Sonchus arvensis, Tanacetum vulgare, Medicago lupulina, Verbascum phlomoides, Urtica dioica. Among the wood forms Betula pendula, Robinia pseudoacacia, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sylvestris Populus nigra, Alnus glutinosa, Carpinus betulus predominated. Among the rare plants we identified the accumulation of Iris sibirica in some meadow-swamp areas. The scheme of the park has been developed and the starting points at which flora reproduction is planned to be identified. Conclusions. The species composition of the phytocenosis showed the predominance of invasive vegetation species in some areas of the park. The growth sites of the endangered species of Iris sibirica have been found, and in the future will allow to design new ecological trails in the park and to reintroduce it to other suitable sites. The data obtained will allow to develop a scheme of restoration of the original floral biodiversity in the park, taking into account the identified features.

scholarly journals Alien plants of the Podilski Tovtry National Nature Park (Ukraine)

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Lyubinska
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Nature Park

Alien plants of the Podilski Tovtry National Nature Park (Ukraine)The results of a study on alien plants of the Podilsky Tovtry National Nature Park are presented. The alien fraction of the Park's flora comprises 335 species of vascular plants. Its taxonomic structure, ecological and life forms and species primary geographical origin are analyzed.

scholarly journals Flora and segetal vegetation of the Bolimów Nature Park. Part I. Segetal flora

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula A. Warcholińska
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Segetal Flora

This paper presents the result of researches on the segetal flora of the Bolim6w Nature Park. The segetal flora of this area comprises 282 taxons of vascular plants. Apophytes (171 taxons) and therophytes ( 170 taxons) constitute the most numerous grOUP. There are 54 taxons on the list threatened segetal plants.

scholarly journals Management of Alluvial Forests Included in Natura 2000 91E0* Habitat Type in Maramureş Mountains Nature Park

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-176
Author(s):  
Oana Danci
Keyword(s):  
Standard Form ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Alluvial Forests ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Priority Habitat

Abstract The Natura 2000 habitat type 91E0* Alluvial forests of Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae) include three subtypes of forests. In the Maramureș Mountains Nature Park (MMNP) the alluvial forests are represented by Alnus incana forest situated on the banks of mountain rivers. Starting from 2007, 70% of the MMNP is also a Natura 2000 site of community interest. In the standard form for the site are listed 18 Natura 2000 habitat types, but that of alluvial forests 91E0* is not listed either due to an error or lack of available research data. Our study seeks to provide information regarding this high conservation value habitat such as: structure, distribution,managementmeasures andmonitoring protocol. The purpose of this paper is to offer a management tool for this conservation value habitat which is also exposed to human impact more than any other priority habitat in MMNP.

To the species composition of Phytoseiid mites (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) of the National Nature Park "Ichnyansky"(Chernigiv Region, Ukraine)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Bondarev ◽  
S. V. Pasechnik
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Amblyseius Andersoni ◽  
Kampimodromus Aberrans ◽  
Euseius Finlandicus ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nature Park

New data on the species composition and distribution of phytoseiid mites (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) in plant associations of the National Nature Park “Ichnyansky” were obtained. Twenty species from 9 genera of the family Phytoseiidae are recorded: Amblyseius andersoni, Amblyseius herbarius, Amblyseius obtusus, Amblyseius rademacheri, Neoseiulus danilevskyi, Neoseiulus reductus, Neoseiulus zwoelferi, Euseius finlandicus, Kampimodromus aberrans, Kampimodromu corylosus, Dubininellus echinus, Dubininellus juvenis, Typhloctonus tiliarum, Amlydromella halinae, Amlydromella pirianykae, Amlydromella rhenana, Amlydromella clavata, Amlydromella verrucosa, Typhlodromus laurae, Galendromus longipilus. The calculation of the occurrence index (P1, %) of the identified species of phytoseiid showed that its maximum value is observed in E. finlandicus. This species is also the most numerous in the total number of collected specimens in the sample. Kampimodromus aberrans, D. juvenis, G. longipilus, K. corylosus, N. danilevskyi, N. zwoelferi and T. tiliarum should be considered as the most rarely encountered species with index of occurrence of 1.3%. The remaining species have intermediate values of this index. The analysis of literature data on the occurrence of phytoseiid species with the highest value of the index of occurrence (E. finlandicus, A. pirianykae and A. andersoni) in the plant associations of adjacent zones (Polesie and Steppe Zone) allowed us to reveal some regularities. In Polesie, E. finlandicus (Kolodochka, 2011) is the most common species. In the Steppe zone, E. finlandicus also has a high index of occurrence and is the third most common species of predatory phytoseiid mites. Such a high occurrence of this species is caused by a wide range of its potential victims. Euseius finlandicus is an euribiont, however more adapted to shrub vegetation. The decrease in the occurrence index of this species from Polesie to the Steppe Zone is explained by changes in the moisture content of biocenoses, as well as due to the gradual replacement of tree-shrub vegetation of grass. Amlydromella pirianykae and Amblyseius andersoni are found mainly on herbs. The detection of these species on trees and shrubs should be considered as incidental finds. The characteristic biocenoses for these species are the wet bayrachnye forests, floodplains of rivers, meadows. When choosing a biocenosis for habitat, humidity plays a key role. The analysis of the phytoseiid mites species complex in the plant associations of the Ichnyansky National Natural Park showed the presence of one dominant species, one subdominant, five types of first order subdominant and 13 minor community members in the community.

scholarly journals Rare spider species (Araneae) of protected steppe areas of the Kharkiv Region (Ukraine)

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Southern Boundary ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Nature Park

A total of 426 spider species is known in the fauna of the Kharkiv Region. Of these, 32 species may be considered rare and/or vulnarable. The largest steppe areas in the Kharkiv Region are protected in the National Nature Park “Dvorichanskyi” and the Regional Landscape Park “Velykoburlutskyi Steppe”. The former hosts 11 rare spider species, the latter 13 species, and eight species occur in both Parks. For the species Lathys heterophthalma, Trachyzelotes lyonneti, Russocampus polchaninovaе, and Euryopis laeta it is the only valid record from Ukraine; for Pardosa maisa, Dipoena coracina, and Talavera aperta, maximun two or three localities are known. Titanoeca veteranica and Altella hungarica are the new records to the Kharkiv Region. Two species are extremely rare, Altella hungarica has been found in only seven localities in Europe, and Russocampus polchaninovae in four localities. Northern boundaries of the geographic ranges of Civizelotes pygmaeus, Gnaphosa dolosa, Xysticus marmoratus, X. mongolicus, and the southern boundary of Gnaphosa lugubris run through the Kharkiv Region. On the edges of their areas, these species become habitat specialists and occur only in steppes and/or dry meadows. Xyticus mongolicus inhabits sandy and chalky steppes with sparse vegetation. Gnaphosa taurica has high ecological plasticity in the steppe zone, while in the forest-steppe, it is limited with chalk and limestone outcrops. Some species like Gnaphosa lugubris, G. licenti, G. taurica, Zora pardalis and Eresus kollari, were abundant in our samplings while 19 species were found as singletons. G. taurica, and E. kollari preferred chalky slopes, G. licenti both chalky slopes and top of a southern ungrazed slope, G. lugubris dominated on all slopes in the Velykoburlutskyi Steppe, while Z. pardalis was the most abundant in ungrazed gully bottoms in both Parks. Being not numerous, Altella hungarica, Euryopis laeta, Civizelotes pygmaeus and Drassyllus vinealis occurred annually in the same habitats that may indicate stability of their populations. Given their habitat specificity, even numerous species became vulnerable under the threat of anthropogenic transformation of natural ecosystems. The only way to protect them is to preserve their habitats.

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