scholarly journals ETHNOSPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE CONCEPT WIDOW VERBALIZATION IN THE ENGLISH AND UKRAINIAN LINGUOCULTURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Tarasova V.V.
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Interpretive Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Organization ◽  
The Given ◽  
Associative Linkage

The article is devoted to the research of ethnic peculiarities of reality conceptualization, objectified with the help of culturally marked words denoting a widow, which form the corresponding parts of the Ukrainian and English language world models. Purpose. The purpose of the research is to give a contrastive analysis of the verbalizations of the concept WIDOW in Ukrainian and English linguocultures.Methods. The paper uses a comprehensive methodology that combines the following methods: contrastive – to identify common and distinctive features of the concept of WIDOW in the languages under comparison; conceptual-semiotic analysis – to reveal the cognitive mechanisms of the embodiment of the concept; contextual-interpretive analysis – to clarify the peculiarities of the representation of the concept in paremiae.Results. In the highlight of contrastive ethnolinguistic studies and theory of conceptual analysis, is there performed and revealed a structure-semantic reconstruction of the concept of WIDOW, as well as the principles of its semantic-conceptual organization in the English and Ukrainian language pictures of the world. The set of the conceptual and semantic marks is determined, due to the concept structure constituents (conceptual proper, imagery-associative and value), the main ideographic conceptual domains are revealed, the analyzed concept being axiologically marked and its associative linkage, due to the scope of its conceptual correlates are determined.Factors that influence on the conceptualization of the objective reality by the given ethnic groups are determined. Certain ethnocultural and ethnolinguistic peculiarities and general characteristics of verbalization of the concept WIDOW peculiar to both languages are found out. Conclusions. The analyses of widow nominations showed the allomorphism of national peculiarities of reality conceptualization, which are influenced by archetype types, historical and cultural actuality. It is shown that WIDOW in Ukrainian culture can be viewed as a taboo concept which content is marked by negative axiological status due to the socio-cultural views formed in the period predetermining the inadmissibility of its direct naming in relevant social situations.Key words: culturally marked words, language world model, taboo concept, ethnic mentality, widow’s image, conceptual mark. Стаття присвячена вивченню етнічних особливостей концептуалізації дійсності, об’єктивованих у культурно маркованих лексичних одиницях на позначення жінки-вдови, що утворюють відповідні фрагменти української та англійської національно-мовних картин світу. Метою роботи є зіставний аналіз засобів вербалізації концепту ВДОВА/WIDOWв англійській та українській лінгвокультурах.Методи. У роботі застосовується комплексна методика, яка поєднує такі методи: зіставний – для виявлення спільних і відмінних рис концепту ВДОВА/WIDOW у зіставлюваних мовах; концептуально-семіотичний аналіз – для розкриття когнітивних механізмів утілення концепту; контекстуально-інтерпретаційний аналіз – для з’ясування особливостей репрезентації концепту у пареміях.Результати. Крізь призму зіставної лінгвокультурології та теорії концептуального аналізу здійснено структурно-семан-тичну реконструкцію концепту ВДОВА/WIDOW та виявлено принципи його семантико-концептуальної організації в англійській та українській мовних картинах світу. Визначено набір концептуальних та семантичних ознак аналізованого концепту з урахуванням складників його структури (понятійної, асоціативно-образної, ціннісної), виявлено основні семантико-ідеографічні сфери концепту ВДОВА; з’ясовано аксіологічну маркованість та визначено асоціативні зв’язки досліджуваного концеп-ту з урахуванням його концептуальних корелятів; проаналізовано взаємозв’язок оцінного, культурного й інших компонентів конотації у семантиці фразеологічних одиниць; розглянуто семіотичні механізми стереотипізації уявлень українського етносу про вдову, виявлено їхню детермінацію культурними та психоментальними чинниками, Висновки. Аналіз особливостей об’єктивації концепту ВДОВА/WIDOW в англійській та українській лінгвокультурах дав змогу зробити висновок про стереотипність сприйняття жінки-вдови відповідними лінгвосоціумами та показав аломорфізм національних особливостей концептуалізації дійсності, на які впливають історичні та культурні реалії. Доведено, що в українській культурі концепт ВДОВА є табуйованим, зміст якого відзначається негативним аксіологічним статусом.Ключові слова: національно маркована лексика, табу, етнічна ментальність, образ вдови, концептуальна ознака.

English phraseological units as a mean of representing knowledge of a person’s physical characteristics

Neophilology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 308-317
Author(s):  
Elena V. Dolgova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Human Body ◽  
English Language ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
The Given

We center on the study of the phraseological units semantics from cognitive positions. In particular, attention is paid to information about person physical characteristics represented by phraseological units of the English language containing somatisms, as well as the names of food, clothing and furniture. As phraseological units representing information about physical characteristics we consider those units which represent information about the properties of the body and/or appearance of the human body. The aim of the study is to identify semantic features of these phraseological units, as well as to consider the cognitive mechanisms of their development. During the study of the given phraseological units semantics, the following semantic groups are distinguished: 1) the structure of the human body; 2) age; 3) appearance; 4) the physical/physiological characteristics of the person. In the course of studying the factual material, it is established that the main mechanisms for the development of the meaning of the studied phraseological units are cognitive metaphor, metonymy and metaphtonymy. It is concluded that when comprehending human physical properties, a reference is made both to the very conceptual field of HUMAN and to other conceptual fields involved in the processes of reinterpretation. These may include the conceptual fields FOOD, CLOTHING, FURNITURE, PLANT, ANIMAL.

scholarly journals The Category of Deviation in the Novel The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110326
Author(s):  
Alexander Ptashkin
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Mikhail Bulgakov ◽  
The Master And Margarita ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Master And Margarita

This research deals with revealing various linguistic units: lexemes and collocations within the framework of semantic fields of notional components of the category of deviation that are reflected in the works of professional translators, Michael Glenny, Richard Pevear, and Larissa Volokhonsky of The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov in the English language. The author takes the method of conceptual analysis of the linguistic units of expressing different parts of semantic fields of components of the mental unit of deviation in English as the basic one here. Lexemes and collocations are also the focus of a contextual method of reviewing the translators’ approaches to the linguistic units of the work under analysis. Different semantic spheres based on personal and professional experience of Michael Glenny, Richard Pevear, and Larissa Volokhonsky reflect the category of deviation in translations of the novel under study. This category includes the central part and periphery. The central part implies the lexemes and collocations of neutral-bookish style, and the periphery means lexical units of informal style. The author also distinguishes the interpretative field within the semantic fields of the category of deviation. The results given in this article can be a basis for comparative analysis of translations within one language or as a source of a contrastive analysis of literary works.

Means Of Reproduction Of Communicative Semantics In Synchronous Translation Of English-Language And Chinese-Language Economic And Political Texts In Ukrainian

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (27) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Maryna Baklanova ◽  
Oleksandra Popova
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
English Language ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Simultaneous Translation

This article is devoted to the problem dealing with the reproduction of communicative semantics while translating English, Chinese economic and political texts into Ukrainian. The content and structure of simultaneous translation were analysed. A contrastive analysis of the linguistic features of the English, Chinese and Ukrainian communicative semantics was made. Some tactics enabling the reproduction of the texts under research into the Ukrainian language within simultaneous translation were specified. Key words: simultaneous translation, transformations, the Chinese language, the English language, the Ukrainian language, speech tempo, time frame.

scholarly journals Linguistic structures and functions of thesis and dissertation titles in Dentistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Alberto Morales ◽  
Bexi Perdomo ◽  
Daniel Cassany ◽  
Rosa María Tovar ◽  
Élix Izarra
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
English Language ◽  
Genre Studies ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Nominal Phrase ◽  
Research Students ◽  
Linguistic Structures ◽  
Grammatical Structures

AbstractTitles play an important role in genre analysis. Cross-genre studies show that research paper and thesis titles have distinctive features. However, thesis and dissertation titles in the field of dentistry have thus far received little attention. Objective: To analyze the syntactic structures and their functions in English-language thesis and dissertation titles in dentistry. Methodology: We randomly chose 413 titles of English-language dentistry theses or dissertations presented at universities in 12 countries between January 2000 and June 2019. The resulting corpus of 5,540 running words was then analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively, the two complementary focuses being grammatical structures and their functions. Results: The average title length was 13.4 words. Over half of the titles did not include any punctuation marks. For compound titles, we found that colons, dashes, commas, and question marks were used to separate the different components, colons being the most frequent. Four syntactic structures (nominal phrase, gerund phrase, full-sentence, and prepositional phrase) were identified for single-unit titles. Single-unit nominal phrase titles constituted the most frequent structure in the corpus, followed by compound titles. Four particular rhetorical combinations of compound title components were found to be present throughout the corpus. Conclusions: Titles of dentistry theses and dissertation in English echo the content of the text body and make an important contribution to fulfilling the text’s communicative purposes. Thus, teaching research students about the linguistic features of thesis titles would be beneficial to help them write effective titles and also facilitate assessment by teachers.

A Hindi Image Caption Generation Framework Using Deep Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Rijul Dhir ◽  
Sriparna Saha ◽  
Pushpak Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
English Language ◽  
Image Captioning ◽  
Textual Description ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Hindi Language ◽  
The Given

Image captioning is the process of generating a textual description of an image that aims to describe the salient parts of the given image. It is an important problem, as it involves computer vision and natural language processing, where computer vision is used for understanding images, and natural language processing is used for language modeling. A lot of works have been done for image captioning for the English language. In this article, we have developed a model for image captioning in the Hindi language. Hindi is the official language of India, and it is the fourth most spoken language in the world, spoken in India and South Asia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to generate image captions in the Hindi language. A dataset is manually created by translating well known MSCOCO dataset from English to Hindi. Finally, different types of attention-based architectures are developed for image captioning in the Hindi language. These attention mechanisms are new for the Hindi language, as those have never been used for the Hindi language. The obtained results of the proposed model are compared with several baselines in terms of BLEU scores, and the results show that our model performs better than others. Manual evaluation of the obtained captions in terms of adequacy and fluency also reveals the effectiveness of our proposed approach. Availability of resources : The codes of the article are available at https://github.com/santosh1821cs03/Image_Captioning_Hindi_Language ; The dataset will be made available: http://www.iitp.ac.in/∼ai-nlp-ml/resources.html .

scholarly journals Myth of King Arthur as a Conceptual Matrix for Understanding Brexit

2020 ◽  
pp. 192-214
Author(s):  
A. A. Sharapkova
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
King Arthur ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
British Press ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

The article analyses media discourse characterized by appealing to the myth about King Arthur against the background of the political crisis in the UK (Brexit). The publications of the British press in 2016-2019, online polls and blogs served as a material. Applying both linguistic and conceptual analysis, we identify the stages the myth about King Arthur gets gradually actualized. Cognitive mechanisms that get profiled at each stage are considered. Three stages of myth actualization are distinguished: (1) from using the idiom about the search for the Holy Grail in politics to comparing Brexit with finding a magic artifact, (2) comparing crisis participants with other elements of the myth, (3) modeling the way out of the crisis through the description of the search for a new leader. Particular attention is paid to how the individual elements of the myth work in dynamics. For example, it is shown that the image of the Grail undergoes an axiological reassessment from positive to negative as attitudes toward political events and figures change. We conclude that in times of crisis, society turns to national mythology, reinterprets it within a new context.

scholarly journals Creativity-based technique of grammar teaching of the English language in non-linguistic university

2020 ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
Stanislav L. Bukovsky ◽  
Aleksandr V. Litvinov
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Grammar Teaching ◽  
Teaching Concept ◽  
The Given ◽  
Methodical Principle

This article deals with the analyses and creation of creativity-based technique of English language grammar teaching in non-linguistic University. The conception of this article is creation by the authors of methodological basis of the given creativity based technique of grammar teaching in the non-linguistic University. The authors present the definition and the detailed analyses of the content of the given creativity teaching concept which is based on the methodical principle, techniques and teaching basis. The authors of the article also present the detailed developed algorithm of the given creativity based method of English language grammar teaching in the non-linguistic University.

scholarly journals Olympiad in the English Language as a Form of Alternative Language Assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Bolshakova
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Alternative Assessment ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
Task Types

Although a variety of the English language written olympiads (language competitions) exist, fairly little is known about how they are different from traditional forms of language assessment.  In Russia, olympiads in the English language are now gaining currency because they provide an opportunity to reveal creative thinking and intellectual abilities of pupils.  The present study examined major differences between language olympiads and traditional forms of language assessment.  A comparison of five main olympiads in the English language in terms of their levels, assessed skills and task types is made and their distinctive features are outlined.  The results of a testing of a new written olympiad of the Higher School of Economics “Vysshaya proba” (Highest Degree) in the English language are analyzed.  A set of test items was developed for 120 secondary school pupils in Moscow to find out whether they can easily cope with non-traditional form of assessment, which is language olympiad.  The results indicate that language competition as a form of alternative assessment may be introduced at schools to encourage better learning.

EXPRESSIVE CHARACTER OF ENGLISH IDIOMS WITH PHLORONYMS AS COMPONENTS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.D. SHAMILEVA ◽  
◽  
K.A. SHUDUEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Given

Phlora and fauna, as the indispensable and main components of thewildlife, play a substantive role in the language of any nation. They define and reflect the worldview, culture and mindset the characteristic peculiarities of a certain ethnos. In the given research are regarded the characteristics of phloronyms in the English language. The names of plants, phloronyms, fixed in the English language translating different meanings due to individuality and neutrality of the people's thought in relation to any given plant.

The Story of the Unborn

2021 ◽  
pp. 314-340
Author(s):  
Marta Teodora Boboc
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Cultural Spaces ◽  
Ian Mcewan ◽  
The Given

This chapter focuses on a relatively new kind of narrative, concerning storytelling from inside the womb as it offers an inner perspective on both outside social matters and on the first stage of life as well. The author of the given chapter aims to explore the specific features of such a narrative, by comparing the novels of three writers, Pascal Bruckner, Chinghiz Aitmatov, and Ian McEwan, that belong to three different cultural spaces, French, Kyrgyz, and English. The basic elements of a story (plot, setting, characters, point of view, theme, symbolism, conflict, and resolution) are taken into account and their contrastive analysis is meant to reveal some key concepts that define an innovative way to approach literature.

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