DETERMINANTS OF MALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN IN RURAL FARM HOUSEHOLDS IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Maria Ogunnaike ◽  
Mojisola Kehinde ◽  
Olubunmi Olabode
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Household Head ◽  
World Health ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Ogun State

Malnutrition in children is one of the most serious public health problems in Nigeria and also in the world. Therefore, the objective of the study was to measure the prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight and to assess the socio economic factors that influence the anthropometric indicators among children residing in rural farm households of Ogun State Nigeria.  A cross sectional study was employed and 206 farm households were interviewed using a structured, personally administered questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic factors, maternal characteristics, farm production characteristics and anthropometric measurement was used to gather data for 100 children. Nutri-survey, SPSS and Stata software was used to perform descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses. The summary statistics of nutritional status of children in the study area revealed that the prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting was 70%, 25 % and 8%, respectively. In view of World Health Organisation recommendation into two age disaggregated groups, male children were found to be more stunted and wasted than females in the study area. Age(p<0.05) and sex of the child(p<0.05), Farm size(p<0.01), household size(p<0.05), access to safe water(p<0.05), years of formal education of the household head (p<0.05) and access to health services (p<0.01) are factors that significantly affect the incidence of stunting, underweight and wasting in the study area. Thus, efforts should be made to improve the health services and also provision of safe water to farm households for reducing malnutrition among children.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of the Tuberculosis Cure in Primary Care in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Prado Junior ◽  
Roberto de Andrade Medronho
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Family Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Variables

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB) presents a high burden of disease and is considered a global emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO), consisting of the most important cause of death from infectious disease in adults. It is related directly to access to health services and socioeconomic factors. Primary health care provides greater linking people to health services and greater medication adherence in some chronic diseases. Also, it provides supervised treatment and the search for more effective contacts. Objective: This paper aims to compare the tuberculosis cure among the areas covered and not covered by the family health teams from 2012 to 2014. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Rio de Janeiro. The variables were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System for Tuberculosis (SINAN-TB) and the socioeconomic variables from the 2010 national census. The socioeconomic variables were selected from the multivariate analysis using principal factors analysis techniques. For the spatial analysis was used a generalized additive model (GAM). Results: Association was found between TB cure and education, alcoholism, contacts search, serology for HIV and the elderly. People with family health coverage between 35 and 41 months had 1,64 more chance of cure when compared to people without coverage (95% CI 1.07 to 2.51). Conclusion: From the spatial analysis, it was possible to identify areas with less chance of cure for tuberculosis in the municipality.

scholarly journals Active ageing among elderly community members: structural equation modeling analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayara Gomes Nunes Oliveira ◽  
Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
World Health ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Active Ageing ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: to propose a structural model of active ageing among elderly community members based on the World Health Organization’s theoretical framework and to identify the most relevant determinants of active ageing to the proposed model. Methods: a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted with 957 elderly community members. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were performed. Results: the final measurement model was composed of the six determinants of active ageing: behavioral (R²=0.66); personal (R²=0.74); physical environment (R²=0.70); social (R²=0.77); economic (R²=0.44); and social and health services (R²=0.95). The last one showed good quality of adjustment: χ2/gl=3.50; GFI=0.94; CFI=0.92; TLI=0.90; RMSEA=0.05. By analyzing the trajectories between determinants and active ageing, the most representative was social and health services active ageing (λ=0.97; p<0.001). Conclusion: satisfaction with access to health services and positive self-assessment of health status were the factors that most contributed to active ageing in this population.

Trends in access to health services and financial protection in China between 2003 and 2011: a cross-sectional study

The Lancet ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 379 (9818) ◽  
pp. 805-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Meng ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Yaoguang Zhang ◽  
Juncheng Qian ◽  
Min Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Financial Protection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Access To Health

scholarly journals Patient adherence to ischemic heart disease treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moacyr Roberto Cuce Nobre ◽  
Rachel Zanetta de Lima Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caregiver Support

Summary Introduction: The effectiveness of the treatment of chronic diseases depends on the participation of the patient, influenced by different sociocultural factors, which are not fully recognized by the treatment routine. Objective: To search for some of these factors that hinder or facilitate adherence to treatment and use of healthcare resources, approaching patients with ischemic heart disease. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using face-to-face interviews. We applied semi-structured questionnaires to 347 individuals and recorded 141 interviews for qualitative analysis. Descriptors were selected to identify eight categories of analyses. The quantitative data were submitted to descriptive analysis of frequency. Results: Only 2% had good medication adherence according to score on Morisky questionnaire. About 23% bought statins; the others obtained statin in the public health institution. Thirty-six speeches were selected and classified according to the following categories: knowledge about disease and medication, difficulty of acquisition, self management of treatment, difficulties of access to health services, side effect of statins, caregiver support, transportation to health services and concerns about the disease progression. However, it was noticed that about 1/3 of the care outside the research institution can be characterized as an attempt to bring rationalization to the health system. Conclusion: The improved adherence to chronic treatment of ischemic heart disease depends on the establishment of effective flows for referral and counter-referral from one care unit to another, relevant information and clarification of the questions for the patients and the attention of health professionals to the many social and cultural factors involved in treatment adherence. New research should be focused on educational groups by integrated multidisciplinary teams in order to share treatment decisions, thereby increasing the patient's commitment to his own health.

scholarly journals Technical Inefficiency Determinants in Potato Production: The case of Potato Farmers in Central Highlands of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hailu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Land Fragmentation

The study identified the factors that cause variation in the level of efficiency in potato production. The study used household level cross sectional data collected in 2015/16 from 196 sample farmers selected by multistage sampling technique. For the data collection, a personally administered structured questionnaire was used. In the analyses, descriptive statistics, a stochastic frontier model (SFM) and a two-limit Tobit regression model were employed. Tobit model revealed that technical efficiency was positively and significantly affected by education, land tenure status, extension service, credit and soil fertility whereas variables such as sex of household head, age of household head, farm size and land fragmentation affected it negatively. Therefore the study suggested the need for policies to discourage land fragmentation and promote education, extension visits, access to credit and soil fertility for improvement in technical efficiency.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENDIDIKAN, AKSES PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PEMANFAATAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PENDERITA TB PARU BTA+ DI PUSKESMAS JANTI KOTA MALANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alfreda Dinayu Purbantari ◽  
Roesdiyanto Roesdiyanto ◽  
Nurnaningsih Herya Ulfah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Access ◽  
Utilization Of Health Services ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease that is still the world's attention, Until now, there is not a single country that is free of TB (Kemenkes 2011). Public Health Center (puskesmas) Janti is a puskesmas where the number of TB BTA+ sufferers increases every year while the number of treatment success rate at Puskesmas Janti decreases every year. In 2013 is 96%, in 2014 is 87,50% and in 2015 is 85,37%. Increasing the number of patients and decreasing the number of success rates of treatment indicates that the utilization of health services is less. This study aims to find out the relationship of Education, Health Service Access and Family Support with Health Service Utilization of BTA+ Pulmonary TB Patients at Public Health Center (puskesmas) Janti Malang. The design of this study is quantitative correlation with samples of all patients with TB Paru + BTA who are still doing treatment at Puskesmas Janti in September 2016 until April 2017. The analysis used correlation test and logistic regression test with cross sectional approach. The results of the research analysis found that there is a significant relationship between education, access to health services and family support together with the utilization of health services of patients Tb Paru BTA+. Based on the results of determination coefficient R2 (Nagelkerke) of 0.619, this means that education (X1), access to health services (X2), and family support (X3) has contributed 61.9% to the utilization of health services of patients with TB Paru BTA+ at Puskesmas Janti.Keywords: education, access, family support, health service utilizationAbstrak: Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang masih menjadi perhatian dunia, hingga saat ini, belum ada satu negara pun yang bebas TB (Kemenkes 2011). Puskesmas Janti adalah satu puskesmas yang berada di Kota Malang dengan jumlah pasien TB Paru BTA+ yang paling tinggi dan meningkat setiap tahun diantara puskesmas yang lain di Kota Malang, sedangkan jumlah angka keberhasilan pengobatan di Puskesmas Janti mengalami penurunan setiap tahun. Tahun 2013 sebesar 96%, pada tahun 2014 sebesar 87,50% dan pada tahun 2015 sebesar 85,37%. Peningkatan jumlah penderita dan penurunan jumlah angka keberhasilan pengobatan menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pendidikan, Akses Pelayanan Kesehatan dan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Penderita TB Paru BTA+ di Puskesmas Janti Kota Malang. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif korelasional dengan sampel seluruh penderita TB Paru BTA+ yang masih melakukan pengobatan di Puskesmas Janti pada bulan September 2016 sampai dengan April 2017. Analisis menggunakan uji korelasi dan uji regresi logistik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil analisis penelitian di dapatkan ada hubungan yang dignifikan antara pendidikan, akses pelayanan kesehatan dan dukungan keluarga secara bersama-sama dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan penderita Tb Paru BTA+. Berdasarkan hasil koefisien determinasi R2 (Nagelkerke) sebesar 0,619, hal ini berarti bahwa pendidikan (X1), akses pelayanan kesehatan (X2), dan dukungan keluarga (X3) memiliki kontribusi sebesar 61,9% terhadap pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan penderita TB Paru BTA+ di Puskesmas Janti.Kata Kunci:    pendidikan, akses pelayanan kesehatan, dukungan keluarga, pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan penderita TB Paru BTA+

scholarly journals Factors associated with access to health services and quality of life in knee osteoarthritis patients: a multilevel cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriwan Choojaturo ◽  
Siriorn Sindhu ◽  
Ketsarin Utriyaprasit ◽  
Chukiat Viwatwongkasem
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Patient Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract Background The main purpose of health service systems is to improve patients’ quality of life (QoL) and to ensure equitable access to health services. However, in reality, nearly half of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients present to the health system do not have access to health services, and their QoL remains poor. These circumstances raise important questions about what (if any) factors can improve health care accessibility and QoL for knee OA patients. Methods A multicenter, cross-sectional survey was performed with 618 knee OA patients who received care at 16 hospitals in Thailand. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to investigate the association of health service factors and patient factors with access to health services and QoL. Results The QoL of knee OA patients was very poor (mean score = 33.8). Only 2.1% of the knee OA patients found it easy to obtain medical care when needed. Approximately 39.4% of them were able to access appropriate interventions before being referred for knee replacement. More than 85% of orthopedic health services had implemented chronic disease management (CDM) policy into practice. However, the implementation was basic, with an average score of 5.9. SEM showed that QoL was determined by both health system factors (β = .10, p = .01) and patient factors (β = .29, p = .00 for self-management and β = −.49, p = .00 for disease factors). Access to health services was determined by self-management (β = .10, p = .01), but it was not significantly associated with QoL (β = .00, p = 1.0). Conclusions This study provides compelling information about self-management, access to health services and QoL from the individual and health service system perspectives. Furthermore, it identifies a need to develop health services that are better attuned to the patient’s background, such as socioeconomic status, disease severity, and self-management skills.

scholarly journals Characteristics of hormone use by travestis and transgender women of the Brazilian Federal District

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (suppl 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alícia Krüger ◽  
Sandro Sperandei ◽  
Ximena Pamela Claudia Diaz Bermudez ◽  
Edgar Merchán-Hamann
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Hormone Use ◽  
Continuous Use

ABSTRACT Introduction: Travestis and transgender women resort to the use of hormones for body modification. Due to restrictions in the access to health services, self-medication is frequent. The aim of this study was to describe the self-reported prevalence of hormones used by travestis and transgender women in the Federal District. Method: This is a cross-sectional study with Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) and Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices questionnaire (KAP) along with travestis and transgender women over 18 years in the FD. Prevalence was calculated using the RDS-II estimator. Logistic models were used to investigate the associated factors. A total of 201 volunteers participated. Results: There was a young sample (median age of 24 years). The overall prevalence of continuous use of hormones was 64.5%. The most used formulation was the combination of estrogen and progesterone (86.2%) by injectable (75.1%) and oral (66%) administration. Most participants (84%) got the hormones without a prescription. Guidance on the use of these hormones came from their peers in 41% of the cases. We observed that the continuous use of hormones is associated with race, income and age, as well as the search for guidance of healthcare professionals, which is also associated with schooling. Discussion: The reality of the process of hormone use by these people in the quest for femininity is reflected in high rates of self-medication. Conclusion: This study contributes to the visibility of the need to improve the access conditions of these people to health services.

scholarly journals Cassava Production Efficiency in Southern Ethiopia: The Parametric Model Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alula Tafesse ◽  
Bekele Mena ◽  
Abrham Belay ◽  
Ermias Aynekulu ◽  
John W. Recha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cassava Production

Due to capital constraints and land scarcity in developing countries, introducing new technology to boost productivity is difficult. As a result, working to improve cassava production efficiency is the best option available. Cassava is increasingly being used as a food source as well as an industrial raw material in the production of economic goods. This study estimates cassava production efficiency and investigates the causes of inefficiency in southern Ethiopia. Cross-sectional data from 158 households were collected using a systematic questionnaire. The Cobb-Douglas (CDs) stochastic frontier production model was used to calculate production efficiency levels. The computed mean result showed technical efficiency (TE), allocative efficiency (AE), and economic efficiency (EE) levels of 74, 90, and 66%, respectively. This demonstrated that existing farm resources could increase average production efficiency by 26, 10, and 34%, respectively. The study found that land size, urea fertilizer application, and cassava planting cut all had a positive and significant effect on cassava production. It was discovered that TE was more important than AE as a source of benefit for EE. Inefficiency effects modeled using the two-limit Tobit model revealed that household head age, level of education, cassava variety, extension contact, rural credit, off-farm activities involvement to generate income, and farm size were the most important factors for improving TE, AE, and EE efficiencies. As a result, policymakers in government should consider these factors when addressing inefficiencies in cassava production. It is especially important to provide appropriate agricultural knowledge through short-term training, to provide farmers with access to formal education, to access improved cassava varieties, and to support agricultural extension services.

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