scholarly journals Cassava Production Efficiency in Southern Ethiopia: The Parametric Model Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alula Tafesse ◽  
Bekele Mena ◽  
Abrham Belay ◽  
Ermias Aynekulu ◽  
John W. Recha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cassava Production

Due to capital constraints and land scarcity in developing countries, introducing new technology to boost productivity is difficult. As a result, working to improve cassava production efficiency is the best option available. Cassava is increasingly being used as a food source as well as an industrial raw material in the production of economic goods. This study estimates cassava production efficiency and investigates the causes of inefficiency in southern Ethiopia. Cross-sectional data from 158 households were collected using a systematic questionnaire. The Cobb-Douglas (CDs) stochastic frontier production model was used to calculate production efficiency levels. The computed mean result showed technical efficiency (TE), allocative efficiency (AE), and economic efficiency (EE) levels of 74, 90, and 66%, respectively. This demonstrated that existing farm resources could increase average production efficiency by 26, 10, and 34%, respectively. The study found that land size, urea fertilizer application, and cassava planting cut all had a positive and significant effect on cassava production. It was discovered that TE was more important than AE as a source of benefit for EE. Inefficiency effects modeled using the two-limit Tobit model revealed that household head age, level of education, cassava variety, extension contact, rural credit, off-farm activities involvement to generate income, and farm size were the most important factors for improving TE, AE, and EE efficiencies. As a result, policymakers in government should consider these factors when addressing inefficiencies in cassava production. It is especially important to provide appropriate agricultural knowledge through short-term training, to provide farmers with access to formal education, to access improved cassava varieties, and to support agricultural extension services.

Economic analysis of cassava production in Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 001-008
Author(s):  
NC Morgan ◽  
DA Wasini ◽  
IE Larry
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Cassava Production

The study was carried out to analyze “the Economics of cassava production in Ogbia Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria”. The specific objectives of the study were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of cassava farmers; analyze costs and returns of producing cassava; determine technical efficiency; determine factors influencing technical efficiency of cassava farmers; and Identify constraints associated with cassava production in the study area. The sample of (94) cassava farmers was drawn from (10) communities in Ogbia and structured questionnaires were administered. Descriptive statistics, Translog Stochastic Frontier Production Model (SFPM) and budgetary model were used to analyze the data. Female (87.23%) dominated cassava production. 74% falls within the age of 21-50 years. Majority were married (65%) and 54.26% had a family size of 6-10. 52.13% of the respondents were basically farmers and all of them get there source of income for farming from personal savings and 72.34% used both family and hired labour in the production of cassava with 58.51% of them having farm size ≤0.5. The study further reveals that the gross margin was ₦521,313.50 and the profitability index was 64.07, while the rate of return on investment was 178.31, benefit-cost ratio of 2.8 proving the viability of cassava production in the study area. Lack of credit facilities, high spread of disease, lack of land were the major constraints faced by the farmers. Loans and grants should be made available to farmers either by government agencies or rather programs to fund cassava production should be created.

scholarly journals FARM SIZE EFFICIENCY DIFFERENTIALS OF BIO-FORTIFIED CASSAVA PRODUCTION IN NIGERIA: A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Kolapo Adetomiwa ◽  
Raji Ibraheem Adeyemi ◽  
Falana Kayode ◽  
Muhammed Opeyemi Abdulmumin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Cassava Production ◽  
Size Efficiency

The study specifically investigated farm size efficiency differentials of bio-fortified cassava production in Nigeria. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of bio-fortified cassava producers in Nigeria. The estimated coefficients of the parameters of production variables for small scale bio-fortified cassava farm size (land, herbicide and fertilizer) played a major role in bio-fortified cassava production on a small scale in Nigeria. For the medium and large scale bio-fortified cassava farm size, production variables (land, labor and fertilizer) and (land, labor, herbicide and fertilizer) respectively played a major role in bio-fortified cassava production. The average economic efficiency of the small, medium and large scale bio-fortified cassava producers was 42%, 54% and 63% respectively. Policies intended to increase the popularization and cultivation of bio-fortified cassava in Nigeria should be targeted toward the small and medium scale cassava farmers since they carried the majority of the producer of bio-fortified cassava in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Analysis of Technical Efficiency and Its Potential Determinants among Smallholder Tomato Farmers in Siltie Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derebe Ermias chefebo ◽  
Gosaye Eshetu Tefera ◽  
Gosaye Eshetu Tefera
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Subsistence Farming ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Production Techniques

Abstract Background: In developing world including Ethiopia, agricultural productivity was very low; especially where production is common on fragile lands and characterized by smallholder subsistence farming. One of the main reasons for low productivity is the inability of farmers to fully exploit available technologies and production techniques. Considering this in to account, this study analyzes the technical efficiency and its possible source of inefficiency in smallholder tomato farming in Siltie Zone Southern Ethiopia. Methods: By using three stage sampling, 175 randomly selected smallholder tomato farmers were sampled and stochastic frontier Cobb Douglas production model was applied. Results and Conclusion: The results indicate that the mean technical efficiency among smallholder tomato farmers is 81.7%, implying a potential to increase tomato production by 19.3% with the current level of resources and technology. The study further revealed that output responds positively to increases in technological factors of production. According to estimates of the inefficiency model among various factors sex of household head, frequency of weeding, diseases incidence and type of variety used were found to significantly affect the level of technical efficiency of tomato crop producers. Thus, development policies in the tomato sub sector might focus more on empowering women in resource allocation, adoption of high-yielding and disease-resistant tomato varieties and better management of tomato plantations might reduce technical inefficiency among tomato farmers in the study area.

scholarly journals Impact of Irrigation Ecology on Rice Production Efficiency in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kanburi Bidzakin ◽  
Simon C. Fialor ◽  
Dadson Awunyo-Vitor ◽  
Iddrisu Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Effect Regression ◽  
The Impact

Irrigation production is a means by which agricultural production can be increased to meet the growing food demands in the world. This study evaluated the effect of irrigation ecology on farm household technical, allocative, and economic efficiency of smallholder rice farmers. Cross-sectional data was obtained from 350 rice farmers across rain fed and irrigation ecologies. Stochastic frontier analyses are used to estimate the production efficiency and endogenous treatment effect regression model is used to estimate the impact of irrigation ecology on rice production efficiency. The impact of irrigation ecology on technical efficiency is about 0.05, which implies farmers producing under irrigation ecology are more technically efficient in their rice production than those in rain fed production. The impact of irrigation ecology on allocative efficiency is about 0.33, which shows that farmers participating in irrigation farming are more allocatively efficient in their rice production than those in rain fed production. The impact on economic efficiency is about 0.23, meaning that farmers participating in irrigation farming are more economically efficient in their rice production than those in rain fed production. Irrigation ecology has positive impact on production efficiency; hence farmers should be encouraged to produce more under irrigation for increased yield and profit.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexual violence and its associated factors among housemaids attending evening schools in urban settings of Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia: A school based cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258953
Author(s):  
Kalkidan Gezahegn ◽  
Selamawit Semagn ◽  
Mohammed Feyisso Shaka
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based

Background Housemaids are the most vulnerable group to sexual violence due to their working condition, isolation and school arrangements. Despite the ubiquity of sexual violence among the domestic work sector, particularly among housemaids, this area of research continues to be neglected. This study was aimed at examining the prevalence and factors pertaining to sexual violence among housemaids attending night school program in urban setups of Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia. Method A school based quantitative cross sectional study was conducted among 394 housemaids attending night schools in the urban setups of Gedeo Zone from April to May 2019. After stratifying of students using class grade, SRS technique was used to choose study subjects from each stratum. Quantitative data was collected using face to face interview and qualitative was collected using focus group discussion, in-depth interview and key informant interview. The data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression was fitted to determine the association of each independent variable with the dependent variable. Result Based on the finding, the prevalence of sexual violence was 60.2%. The odds of experiencing sexual violence through working life-time as housemaid was higher for those who had migrated from rural to urban for work [AOR = 1.97: 95% CI, (1.07,3.63)], had less than 5 years of experience as housemaid [AOR = 3.10: 95% CI, (1.60, 6.00)], were in the age group of 15–19 [AOR = 3.75:95% CI (1.88, 7.46), ever used alcohol [AOR = 6.77: 95% CI, (2.65,17.33)] and whose fathers lacked formal education [AOR = 2.75:95%CI (1.24,6.08)]. On the other hand, unmarried /housemaids having no regular sexual partner were less likely to face sexual violence [AOR. = 0.28: 95% CI, (0.13, 0.57)]. Conclusion The level of sexual violence was found to be high among housemaids attending night schools in in this study. Housemaids from rural area, those newly starting the work, younger housemaids, and those who were married were more likely to be victims of sexual violence.

scholarly journals Technical Inefficiency Determinants in Potato Production: The case of Potato Farmers in Central Highlands of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hailu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Land Fragmentation

The study identified the factors that cause variation in the level of efficiency in potato production. The study used household level cross sectional data collected in 2015/16 from 196 sample farmers selected by multistage sampling technique. For the data collection, a personally administered structured questionnaire was used. In the analyses, descriptive statistics, a stochastic frontier model (SFM) and a two-limit Tobit regression model were employed. Tobit model revealed that technical efficiency was positively and significantly affected by education, land tenure status, extension service, credit and soil fertility whereas variables such as sex of household head, age of household head, farm size and land fragmentation affected it negatively. Therefore the study suggested the need for policies to discourage land fragmentation and promote education, extension visits, access to credit and soil fertility for improvement in technical efficiency.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Presence of Adequately Iodized Salt at Home in Wolaita, Southern Ethiopia: Community Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondimagegn Paulos Kumma ◽  
Yusuf Haji ◽  
Junayde Abdurahmen ◽  
Yohannes Mehretie Adinew
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Iodized Salt ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wolaita Sodo ◽  
At Home

Background. Universal use of iodized salt is a simple and inexpensive method to prevent and eliminate iodine deficiency disorders like mental retardation. However, little is known about the level of adequately iodized salt consumption in the study area. Therefore, the study was aimed at assessing the proportion of households having adequately iodized salt and associated factors in Wolaita Sodo town and its peripheries, Southern Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 10 to 20, 2016, in 441 households in Sodo town and its peripheries. Samples were selected using the systematic sampling technique. An iodometric titration method (AOAC, 2000) was used to analyze the iodine content of the salt samples. Data entry and analysis were done using Epi Info version 3.5.1 and SPSS version 16, respectively. Result. The female to male ratio of the respondents was 219. The mean age of the respondents was 30.2 (±7.3 SD). The proportion of households having adequately iodized salt was 37.7%, with 95% CI of 33.2% to 42.2%. Not exposing salt to sunlight with [OR: 3.75; 95% CI: 2.14, 6.57], higher monthly income [OR: 3.71; 95% CI: 1.97–7.01], and formal education of respondents with [OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.70] were found associated with the presence of adequately iodized salt at home. Conclusion. This study revealed low levels of households having adequately iodized salt in Wolaita Sodo town and its peripheries. The evidence here shows that there is a need to increase the supply of adequately iodized salt to meet the goal for monitoring progress towards sustainable elimination of IDD.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Technical Efficiency of Rubber Smallholders in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
A. Aliyu ◽  
Ismail Abd Latif ◽  
Mad Nasir Shamsudin ◽  
Nolila Mohd Nawi
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Function ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Size Task

The main objective of the study was to figure out, identify and analyse the technical efficiency of rubber smallholders’ production in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Multi-stage data collection procedures, comprising both purposive and random sampling techniques, were used. Using structured questionnaires, farm-level information with cross sectional data from five districts of Negeri Sembilan, were employed in the study. A parametric Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), with a transcendental logarithmic (Translog) functional form, was used in the study. The descriptive statistics results revealed that, the mean rubber yield was 5465 kg while that of the seven inputs used include 1.2 ha, 602.7, 2.33, 363.6 kg, 13.0 lit, 13.2 man days and 2.47 respectively for farm size, task, farm tools, fertilizer, herbicides, labour and rubber clones.The inferential statistics showed that, the mean technical efficiency was found to be 0.73 with a standard deviation of 0.089. Thus, this translates that 27% accounted for technical inefficiency. Both the sigma square and gamma coefficients were found to be statistically significant at 1% level. The Log Likelihood Function (LLF) and the Log Rati (LR) test were found to be respectively 167.7 and 34.07. The results further revealed that, although none of the farms were found to be on the frontier, however, 9 farms were very near the frontier with efficiency score range between 0.90-0.99. And twenty (20) firms have range 0.80-0.90. Race, Tapping experience, household number and extension agent’s visits were found to be technically significant and are thus critical in determining technical efficiency of rubber smallholders in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

scholarly journals Southeastern Peanut-Production Cost Efficiency Under the Quota System: Implications for the Farm-Level Impacts of the 2002 Farm Act

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis A. Nadolnyak ◽  
Stanley M. Fletcher ◽  
Valentina M. Hartarska
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
The United States ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Peanut Production ◽  
Growing Conditions

In the article, stochastic frontier analysis of peanut-production efficiency in the Southeastern region of the United States is conducted with a view of assessing the likely farm-level impacts of the 2002 Farm Act. Results indicate that, although quota ownership did not significantly impact inefficiency, it is likely that limitations on the quota's transferability to areas with better growing conditions were a significant cause of inefficiency. The acreage shifts and improved yields following the passage of the 2002 Farm Act support this conclusion. Certain farm characteristics, such as farm size and operator's education and age, were also important for efficiency.

scholarly journals Malaria, Moderate to Severe Anaemia, and Malarial Anaemia in Children at Presentation to Hospital in the Mount Cameroon Area: A Cross-Sectional Study

Anemia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele ◽  
Sharon Odmia Sama ◽  
Helen Kuokuo Kimbi ◽  
Germain Sotoing Taiwe
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mount Cameroon

Background. Malaria remains a major killer of children in Sub-Saharan Africa, while anaemia is a public health problem with significant morbidity and mortality. Examining the factors associated with moderate to severe anaemia (MdSA) and malarial anaemia as well as the haematological characteristics is essential.Methodology. Children (1–14 years) at presentation at the Regional Hospital Annex-Buea were examined clinically and blood samples were collected for malaria parasite detection and full blood count evaluation.Results.Plasmodium falciparum, anaemia, and malarial anaemia occurred in 33.8%, 62.0%, and 23.6% of the 216 children, respectively. Anaemia prevalence was significantly higher in malaria parasite positive children and those with fever than their respective counterparts. MdSA and moderate to severe malarial anaemia (MdSMA) were detected in 38.0% and 15.3% of the participants, respectively. The prevalence of MdSA was significantly higher in children whose household head had no formal education, resided in the lowland, or was febrile, while MdSMA was significantly higher in febrile children only. Children with MdSMA had significantly lower mean white blood cell, lymphocyte, and platelet counts while the mean granulocyte count was significantly higher.Conclusion. Being febrile was the only predictor of both MdSA and MdSMA. More haematological insult occurred in children with MdSMA compared to MdSA.

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