scholarly journals Peran Puik-puik dalam Kesenian Gandrang Makassar

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Adiatma Hudzaifah
Keyword(s):  
Community Activities ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT In general, this music is played by several instruments, not only the poetry and equipped with gandrang, length and katto-katto also actually exist in the separate music. In the next development, only puik-puik and gandrang were launched, which continued to be developed in the owner's community activities. This became the basis for the beginning of the puik-puik research. Puik-Puik in the Gandrang Makassar has a very fundamental role in shaping the harmony of the show. The difference in sound characteristics between gandrang and puik-puik is a strong reason. In the end, puik-puik is always present in the Gandrang dish, while there are several other instruments such as dengkang and katto-katto, which are rarely found at community events. This is closely related to the concept of harmony of the art owner community. Puik-Puik in the Gandrang Makassar art has a very fundamental role in shaping the harmony of the show. The difference in sound characteristics between Gandrang and puik-puik is a strong reason. In the end, puik-puik is always present in the Gandrang dish, while there are several other instruments such as dengkang and katto-katto, which are rarely found at community events. This is closely related to the concept of harmony of the art owner community. Keywords: Puik-puik, Society, Gandrang Makassar, and Role.  ABSTRAK Umumnya kesenian Gandrang Makassar dimainkan oleh beberapa alat saja, bukan hanya puik-puik dan sepasang gandrang, tetapi dengkang dan katto-katto sebenarnya juga berada dalam seperangkat kesenian tersebut. Pada perkembangan kemudian, hanya puik-puik dan sepasang gandrang yang eksis berkembang dalam kegiatan masyarakat pemilik. Hal ini menjadi landasan awal penelitian puik-puik. Puik-puik dibahas secara mendalam karena belum adanya pengetahuan tentang kenapa hanya puik-puik yang berada dalam kesenian Gandrang Makassar. Sepasang gandrang tidak dipertanyakan karena alat tersebut adalah utama dalam kesenian Gandrang Makassar. Maka dari itu permasalahan mengenai kepentingan dan peran puik-puik dibahas dengan melihat dari sisi masyarakat, kebudayaan, peranan musikal nilai esetetis yang terkandung, dan peranan musikal dalam kesenian Gandrang Makassar. Puik-puik dalam kesenian Gandrang Makassar sendiri mempunyai peran yang sangat elementer mengenai pembentukan harmoni sajian. Perbedaan karakter bunyi antara gandrang dan puik-puik menjadi alasan kuat mengapa puik-puik sangat berperan dalam kesenian tersebut. Pada akhirnya puik-puik selalu ada dalam sajian Gandrang, walaupun beberapa instrumen lain seperti dengkang dan katto-katto sudah jarang ditemui dalam perhelatan masyarakat. Hal ini erat kaitannya mengenai konsep harmoni masyarakat pemilik kesenian.   Kata Kunci: Puik-puik, Masyarakat, Gandrang Makassar, dan peran.

scholarly journals Distribusi spasial komunitas makrozoobentos di Sungai Cilalawi Kabupaten Purwakarta, Jawa Barat

DEPIK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
Hana Septiani Suminar ◽  
Zahidah Zahidah ◽  
Herman Hamdani ◽  
Asep Sahidin
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Morisita Index ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Index Of Diversity

Reservoir inlet. The Cilalawi River receives pollutant from households, as well as agriculture around the river. Utilization of the river as a waste disposal site is the impact of community activities on the environment that causes changes in environmental factors that will adversely affect the life of aquatic organisms. This research aims to map the spatial distribution of macrozoobenthos community along the Cilalawi River. This research was conducted from March-May 2019. The research method used a survey method by taking water and macrozoobenthos samples along the Cilalawi River. Data collection techniques using purposive sampling by setting 4 stations and four times sampling every two weeks. Based on the observation location, composition at station 1 consisted of 3 classes and 12 species of macrozoobenthos. The composition at station 2 consists of 3 classes and 10 species. Composition at station 3 consists of 3 classes and 16 species and composition at station 4 consists of 2 classes and 7 species. The difference in species deficit value at each station is different, this is influenced by physical and chemical parameters according to conditions around the aquatic environment. The index of diversity in the Cilalawi River ranges from 1,59 – 2,94 and the Uniformity Index of the Cilalawi River ranges from 0,2 to 0,9. The distribution pattern of makrozoobentos in the waters of the Cilalawi River based on the Morisita Index is uniform and grouped at station 1 to station 4 Keywords: Distribution, Makrozoobenthos, Cilalawi River, Jatiluhur, Pollutant ABSTRAKSungai Cilalawi merupakan salah satu anak Sungai Citarum yang menjadi inlet Waduk Jatiluhur. Sungai Cilalawi menerima buangan limbah yang berasal dari rumah tangga, serta pertanian yang berada di sekitar aliran sungai. Pemanfaatan Sungai untuk pembuangan limbah merupakan dampak dari aktivitas masyarakat terhadap lingkungan yang menyebabkan perubahan faktor lingkungan yang akan berakibat buruk bagi kehidupan organisme air. Riset ini bertujuan untuk memetakan distribusi spasial makrozoobentos di sepanjang aliran Sungai Cilalawi. Riset ini dilakukan dari bulan Maret –Mei 2019. Metode riset menggunakan metode survey yaitu dengan cara melakukan pengambilan sampel air dan sampel makrozoobentos di sepanjang Sungai Cilalawi. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan purposive sampling dengan menetapkan 4 stasiun dan empat kali pengambilan sampling setiap dua minggu sekali. Berdasarkan lokasi pengamatan secara komposisi di stasiun 1 terdiri dari 3 kelas dan 12 spesies makrozoobentos. Komposisi di stasiun 2 terdiri dari 3 kelas dan 10 spesies. Komposisi di stasiun 3 terdiri dari 4 kelas dan 16 spesies dan komposisi di stasiun 4 terdiri dari 2 kelas dan 7 spesies. Perbedaan nilai spesies defisit pada masing – masing stasiun berbeda, hal ini dipengaruhi oleh parameter fisik dan kimiawi sesuai kondisi di sekitar lingkungan perairan tersebut. Indeks keanekaragaman di Sungai Cilalawi berkisar 1,59 – 2,94 dan Indeks Keseragaman berkisar 0,2 – 0,9. Pola distribusi makrozoobentos di perairan Sungai Cilalawi berdasarkan Indeks Morisita adalah seragam dan berkelompok di stasiun 1 hingga stasiun 4.Kata kunci: Distribusi, Makrozoobentos, Sungai Cilalawi, Jatiluhur, Bahan Pencemar 

scholarly journals Islamic banks as a model social responsibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-388
Author(s):  
Nasser Abdullah Bani Issa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The Difference

This research aims to identify the difference between social responsibility in islamic thought and traditional thought. To show the role of some private companies such as islamic banks in social responsibility towards the community, such as their active role in supporting educational, cultural and community activities, which leads to increased people's appetite for it, and gain respect for other companies, which benefit them through increased profitability. Companies in society have a role other than their normal role of making profits, which they must play, which is their role in social responsibility towards society. In order to promote it, integrity, cooperation, solidarity, cohesion and cohesion of society.

The Origin of the Moon

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

The difference between average densities of the Moon and Earth was interpreted in the preceding report by Professor H. Urey as indicating a difference in their chemical composition. Therefore, Urey assumes the Moon's formation to have taken place far away from the Earth, under conditions differing substantially from the conditions of Earth's formation. In such a case, the Earth should have captured the Moon. As is admitted by Professor Urey himself, such a capture is a very improbable event. In addition, an assumption that the “lunar” dimensions were representative of protoplanetary bodies in the entire solar system encounters great difficulties.

Influence of Cell Wall Composition on the Fossilisation of Bacteria and the Implications for the Search for Early Life Forms

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Westall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Cation Binding ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hydrothermal Sediments ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe oldest cell-like structures on Earth are preserved in silicified lagoonal, shallow sea or hydrothermal sediments, such as some Archean formations in Western Australia and South Africa. Previous studies concentrated on the search for organic fossils in Archean rocks. Observations of silicified bacteria (as silica minerals) are scarce for both the Precambrian and the Phanerozoic, but reports of mineral bacteria finds, in general, are increasing. The problems associated with the identification of authentic fossil bacteria and, if possible, closer identification of bacteria type can, in part, be overcome by experimental fossilisation studies. These have shown that not all bacteria fossilise in the same way and, indeed, some seem to be very resistent to fossilisation. This paper deals with a transmission electron microscope investigation of the silicification of four species of bacteria commonly found in the environment. The Gram positiveBacillus laterosporusand its spore produced a robust, durable crust upon silicification, whereas the Gram negativePseudomonas fluorescens, Ps. vesicularis, andPs. acidovoranspresented delicately preserved walls. The greater amount of peptidoglycan, containing abundant metal cation binding sites, in the cell wall of the Gram positive bacterium, probably accounts for the difference in the mode of fossilisation. The Gram positive bacteria are, therefore, probably most likely to be preserved in the terrestrial and extraterrestrial rock record.

Structuring, Motions and Shapes of Corona Emission Line Profiles

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 421-426
Author(s):  
N. F. Tyagun
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Filling Factor ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Coronal Plasma ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Line Profiles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Yellow Line ◽  
Red Line

AbstractThe interrelationship of half-widths and intensities for the red, green and yellow lines is considered. This is a direct relationship for the green and yellow line and an inverse one for the red line. The difference in the relationships of half-widths and intensities for different lines appears to be due to substantially dissimilar structuring and to a set of line-of-sight motions in ”hot“ and ”cold“ corona regions.When diagnosing the coronal plasma, one cannot neglect the filling factor - each line has such a factor of its own.

Difference Fourier Analysis of Glucose Embedded and Frozen Hydrated Purple Membrane

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Jules S. Jaffe ◽  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Purple Membrane ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Fourier Techniques ◽  
Versus Protein ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Fourier ◽  
Ideal Method

Although difference Fourier techniques are standard in X-ray crystallography it has only been very recently that electron crystallographers have been able to take advantage of this method. We have combined a high resolution data set for frozen glucose embedded Purple Membrane (PM) with a data set collected from PM prepared in the frozen hydrated state in order to visualize any differences in structure due to the different methods of preparation. The increased contrast between protein-ice versus protein-glucose may prove to be an advantage of the frozen hydrated technique for visualizing those parts of bacteriorhodopsin that are embedded in glucose. In addition, surface groups of the protein may be disordered in glucose and ordered in the frozen state. The sensitivity of the difference Fourier technique to small changes in structure provides an ideal method for testing this hypothesis.

Destruction of Actin Filaments by Osmium Tetroxide

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
P. Maupin-Szamier ◽  
T. D. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Rabbit Muscle ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Sodium Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rates Of Decay ◽  
Short Time

We have studied the destruction of rabbit muscle actin filaments by osmium tetroxide (OSO4) to develop methods which will preserve the structure of actin filaments during preparation for transmission electron microscopy.Negatively stained F-actin, which appears as smooth, gently curved filaments in control samples (Fig. 1a), acquire an angular, distorted profile and break into progressively shorter pieces after exposure to OSO4 (Fig. 1b,c). We followed the time course of the reaction with viscometry since it is a simple, quantitative method to assess filament integrity. The difference in rates of decay in viscosity of polymerized actin solutions after the addition of four concentrations of OSO4 is illustrated in Fig. 2. Viscometry indicated that the rate of actin filament destruction is also dependent upon temperature, buffer type, buffer concentration, and pH, and requires the continued presence of OSO4. The conditions most favorable to filament preservation are fixation in a low concentration of OSO4 for a short time at 0°C in 100mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.0.

Antiphase Boundaries in Ordered Ni3FE Crystals

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
Y. H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Domain Size ◽  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hardening Mechanism ◽  
Superlattice Structure ◽  
Disordered Phase ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Atomic Scattering ◽  
The Difference

Ordered Ni3Fe crystals possess a LI2 type superlattice similar to the Cu3Au structure. The difference in slip behavior of the superlattice as compared with that of a disordered phase has been well established. Cottrell first postulated that the increase in resistance for slip in the superlattice structure is attributed to the presence of antiphase domain boundaries. Following Cottrell's domain hardening mechanism, numerous workers have proposed other refined models also involving the presence of domain boundaries. Using the anomalous X-ray diffraction technique, Davies and Stoloff have shown that the hardness of the Ni3Fe superlattice varies with the domain size. So far, no direct observation of antiphase domain boundaries in Ni3Fe has been reported. Because the atomic scattering factors of the elements in NijFe are so close, the superlattice reflections are not easily detected. Furthermore, the domain configurations in NioFe are thought to be independent of the crystallographic orientations.

The role of differential phase contrast in electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-177
Author(s):  
E.M. Waddell ◽  
J.N. Chapman ◽  
R.P. Ferrier
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Position Vector ◽  
Differential Phase ◽  
Pure Phase ◽  
Differential Phase Contrast ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Image Position ◽  
First Moment

Dekkers and de Lang (1977) have discussed a practical method of realising differential phase contrast in a STEM. The method involves taking the difference signal from two semi-circular detectors placed symmetrically about the optic axis and subtending the same angle (2α) at the specimen as that of the cone of illumination. Such a system, or an obvious generalisation of it, namely a quadrant detector, has the characteristic of responding to the gradient of the phase of the specimen transmittance. In this paper we shall compare the performance of this type of system with that of a first moment detector (Waddell et al.1977).For a first moment detector the response function R(k) is of the form R(k) = ck where c is a constant, k is a position vector in the detector plane and the vector nature of R(k)indicates that two signals are produced. This type of system would produce an image signal given bywhere the specimen transmittance is given by a (r) exp (iϕ (r), r is a position vector in object space, ro the position of the probe, ⊛ represents a convolution integral and it has been assumed that we have a coherent probe, with a complex disturbance of the form b(r-ro) exp (iζ (r-ro)). Thus the image signal for a pure phase object imaged in a STEM using a first moment detector is b2 ⊛ ▽ø. Note that this puts no restrictions on the magnitude of the variation of the phase function, but does assume an infinite detector.

Removal of inelastically scattered electrons substantially increases phase contrast on frozen-hydrated molecules

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 652-653
Author(s):  
John P. Langmore ◽  
Brian D. Athey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Biological Structure ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Although electron diffraction indicates better than 0.3nm preservation of biological structure in vitreous ice, the imaging of molecules in ice is limited by low contrast. Thus, low-dose images of frozen-hydrated molecules have significantly more noise than images of air-dried or negatively-stained molecules. We have addressed the question of the origins of this loss of contrast. One unavoidable effect is the reduction in scattering contrast between a molecule and the background. In effect, the difference in scattering power between a molecule and its background is 2-5 times less in a layer of ice than in vacuum or negative stain. A second, previously unrecognized, effect is the large, incoherent background of inelastic scattering from the ice. This background reduces both scattering and phase contrast by an additional factor of about 3, as shown in this paper. We have used energy filtration on the Zeiss EM902 in order to eliminate this second effect, and also increase scattering contrast in bright-field and dark-field.

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