scholarly journals Biomass energy potential of coconut varieties in Guyana

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Abrahim ◽  
Oudho Homenauth
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Coconut Shells ◽  
Biomass For Energy

Guyana’s growing coconut industry has great potential for the generation of renewable energy using its waste materials currently discarded unsustainably. This study sought to investigate the energy potential of husks and shells of three common coconut varieties grown in Guyana. In this experiment, samples of coconut husks and shells were subjected to proximate, ultimate and calorific analyses. These analyses indicated that the energy value of the husks and shells of tall and dwarf coconuts were high, confirming the findings presented in previous studies. It was found that coconut shells have a higher energy content as opposed to the husk, mainly due to the presence of lignin and cellulose and a lower moisture content. The shell of one of the dwarf varieties (firmer and thinner) produced the greatest energy output. The coconut husks, however, followed closely where the tall variety reported the greatest energy value. Based on the energy output of the waste materials, possible energy, power, carbon, diesel and price savings were determined, if energy conversion is to be implemented. The analyses show substantial benefits for the country with respect to waste management, carbon emissions and costs, indicating the need for energy generation from coconut waste. A proposed gasification-pyrolysis system was developed and provided a baseline for the use of coconut biomass for energy generation in Guyana.

scholarly journals Biomass Sources and Energy Potential for Energy Sector in Myanmar: An Outlook

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maw Maw Tun ◽  
Dagmar Juchelková
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Biomass Resources

Nowadays, renewable energy utilization plays a key role in developing countries to fulfill the additional energy requirements of a country and reduce dependency on fossil fuels and traditional biomass consumption. As Myanmar has an agriculture-based economy and 48% of forest-cover (32.2 million hectares); biomass is one of the major renewable energy sources, contributing around 50% of total energy consumption. Therefore, the study aimed to highlight the available biomass sources and energy potential for the energy sector in Myanmar. In order to achieve the aim, the study collated the types, quantity and qualities of biomass resources, and energy utilization around Myanmar. Besides, the study synthesized and evaluated the energy potential of the major biomass resources coming from the agriculture sector, forest sector, livestock and poultry sector, and municipal sector. It was estimated that the total energy potential of the major biomass sources amounted to approximately 15.19 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe) in 2005 and 17.29 Mtoe in 2017, respectively. The unexploited biomass energy potential around the country was estimated to be nearly 50% higher than that of the projected biomass energy utilization during 2015–2019. Finally, the study concluded with recommendations to provide the future sustainable development of biomass energy in Myanmar.

scholarly journals Patterns of Revenue Expenditure in Specified Bioenergy Generation Firms of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana State

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1691-1695
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Bioenergy Generation ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation

Out of all renewable energy generation fields like solar, small hydro, wind and biomass energy sectors-biomass energy generation sector is not in a well organized condition almost in all the states of India. In this paper we tried to examine the revenue expenditure components to find its impact on the viability of selected firms. For this purpose we have used the statistical tools like mean, standard deviation and co-efficient of variation. The results have shown that the co-efficient of variation of Satyamaharshi Power Corporation Limited is higher than other two firms and from the analysis of individual components of revenue expenditure of three firms, it is notable that administration expenses has highest co-efficient of variation in Rithwik Power Projects Limited and financial & miscellaneous expenses has highest co-efficient of variation in rest of the two firms.

scholarly journals Integrated Coordination of Electric Vehicle Operations and Renewable Energy Generation in a Microgrid

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 706
Author(s):  
Junghoon Lee ◽  
Gyung-Leen Park
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Time Slot ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Parameter Setting ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation

This paper designs a microgrid energy controller capable of creating a charging or discharging schedule for electric vehicles (EVs), aiming at leveraging the integration of renewable energy and shaving the peak load in the microgrid. Dynamically activated on each time slot to cope with the prediction error for the power consumption and the renewable energy generation, the controller calculates the number of EVs to charge or make discharge first. Then, a greedy algorithm-based scheduler selects EVs according to the expected energy potential during their stays. The potential is the integral of a supply-demand margin function from the current time to the expected departure time. A simulator is implemented for performance evaluation, comparing with uncoordinated scheduling, according to the number of EVs as well as the behavior of energy load and production. The experiment result shows that the proposed scheme can reduce the energy waste by 16.9 %, cut down the microgrid-level energy insufficiency by 12.2 %, and enhance the amount of electricity supplied to EVs by 37.3 %, respectively, for given parameter setting.

scholarly journals The Potential of Renewable Energy in Timor-Leste: An Assessment for Biomass

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lelis Gonzaga Fraga ◽  
José Carlos F. Teixeira ◽  
Manuel Eduardo C. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Urban Solid Waste

This paper assesses the potential of biomass energy resources in Timor-Leste (TL). Although other renewable energy sources are mentioned in this article, such as wind energy, solar energy, hydropower, bioenergy, including bioethanol and biogas, the main goal is to gather the data on biomass in TL and provide such data as useful information for a wide range of end-users. The current evaluation is based on various sources which include previous assessments on biomass and other renewable sources. The energy potential of biomass in TL apart that resulting from vegetation or flora and animals is also derived from agricultural waste, such as waste from rice, corn, and coffee. The analyses also include the contribution of agricultural waste, animal waste, and that from urban waste. The results from this article show that the potential of usable biomass energy in TL from forestry and agriculture is 1.68 × 106 toe/year, animal waste is 4.81 × 103 toe/year, and urban solid waste amounts to 9.55 × 103 toe/year. In addition, it is concluded that biomass alone can fully replace fossil fuels for electricity generation.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Renewable Energy Generation in Europe—Long-Term Impact Assessment on Solar and Wind Energy Using High-Resolution Future Climate Data and Considering Climate Uncertainties

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Yuchen Yang ◽  
Kavan Javanroodi ◽  
Vahid M. Nik
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation

Climate change can strongly affect renewable energy production. The state of the art in projecting future renewable energy generation has focused on using regional climate prediction. However, regional climate prediction is characterized by inherent uncertainty due to the complexity of climate models. This work provides a comprehensive study to quantify the impact of climate uncertainties in projecting future renewable energy potential over five climate zones of Europe. Thirteen future climate scenarios, including five global climate models (GCMs) and three representative concentration pathways (RCPs), are downscaled by the RCA4 regional climate model (RCM) over 90 years (2010–2099), divided into three 30-year periods. Solar and wind energy production is projected considering short-/long-term climate variations and uncertainties in seven representative cities (Narvik, Gothenburg, Munich, Antwerp, Salzburg, Valencia, and Athens). The results showed that the uncertainty caused by GCMs has the most substantial impact on projecting renewable energy generation. The variations due to GCM selection can become even larger than long-term climate change variations over time. Climate change uncertainties lead to over 23% and 45% projection differences for solar PV and wind energy potential, respectively. While the signal of climate change in solar radiation is weak between scenarios and over time, wind energy generation is affected by 25%.

scholarly journals The Potential of Hydro Renewable Energy Technology to Electricity Remote Villages in Papua and Maluku Islands, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 927 (1) ◽  
pp. 012002
Author(s):  
H Sudibyo ◽  
G Pikra ◽  
A Fudholi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Hydro Power Plants ◽  
Axial Turbines ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
Generation Technology

Abstract The islands of Papua and Maluku are eastern Indonesia which consists of remote islands and villages. The Papua Islands consist of 3,749 islands divided into two provinces, namely Papua and West Papua, while the Maluku Islands are 1,735 islands into two provinces of Maluku and North Maluku, the number of inhabited islands in Papua and Maluku around 230 islands and around 100 newly electrified islands. The electrification ratio for Papua is 47.69%, West Papua is 89.94%, Maluku is 87.02% and North Maluku is 88.68%. The electrification ratio is still below the national average. Maluku Islands and Papua Indonesia has abundant renewable energy natural resources, namely hydro potential. The total hydro energy potential of Papua and Maluku is 808 MW. To overcome this shortage of electricity, it is necessary to develop a renewable energy generation system according to the potential of the area, namely hydro power. Energy generation technology that is environmentally friendly, efficient, effective, and reliable can be a solution for electrification in Papua and Maluku. Hydro power plants using vortex turbines, picohydro turbines and axial turbines for permanent magnet generators can be a solution to electrify areas or villages remote in Papua and Maluku.

scholarly journals Demand-oriented energy supply by the anaerobic digestion of organic waste

Energetika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Wehner ◽  
Wolfgang Müller ◽  
Anke Bockreis
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Balance Energy ◽  
Oriented Energy

The share of renewable energy is steadily increasing globally. Nevertheless, power generation from renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, is highly dependent on suitable weather conditions and therefore highly fluctuating. Thus, alternatives to compensate fluctuations in the energy production are necessary. Biogas plants have the potential to balance energy generation fluctuations and work independently from unstable weather. Experiments on laboratory scale showed that the storage of food waste had only a marginal impact on its energy content. A rapid acidification due to a lactic acid fermentation leads to a pH decrease and concomitant organic acids increase, preserving the stored organic waste. The pH dropped from initially 4.8 to 4 within the first 2 days of storage. It declined until day 10 to 3.6 and stayed at this level until the end of the experiment. Due to a low pH and a high VFA concentration, only minor amounts of gas were produced during storage. No formation of explosive gas mixtures was detected during the storage. Therefore, no safety precautions are necessary to avoid danger from explosion. The results obtained in laboratory were confirmed by experiments on real scale. Thus, pre-condition of organic waste for a flexible feeding and demand-oriented energy supply is feasible to balance energy generation fluctuations.

scholarly journals The current status, challenges and prospects of using biomass energy in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natei Ermias Benti ◽  
Gamachis Sakata Gurmesa ◽  
Tegenu Argaw ◽  
Abreham Berta Aneseyee ◽  
Solomon Gunta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Socioeconomic System ◽  
Biomass Availability

AbstractDespite enormous challenges in accessing sustainable energy supplies and advanced energy technologies, Ethiopia has one of the world's fastest growing economies. The development of renewable energy technology and the building of a green legacy in the country are being prioritized. The total installed capacity for electricity generation in Ethiopia is 4324.3 MW as on October, 2018. Renewable energy accounts for 96.5% of total generation; however, despite the county's enormous biomass energy potential, only 0.58% of power is generated using biomass. Ethiopia has surplus woody biomass, crop residue and animal dung resources which comprise about 141.8 million metric tons of biomass availability per year. At present the exploited potential is about 71.9 million metric tons per year. This review paper provides an in-depth assessment of Ethiopia's biomass energy availability, potential, challenges, and prospects. The findings show that, despite Ethiopia's vast biomass resource potential, the current use of modern energy from biomass is still limited. As a result, this study supports the use of biomass-based alternative energy sources without having a negative impact on the socioeconomic system or jeopardizing food security or the environment. This finding also shows the challenges, opportunities and possible solutions to tackle the problem to expand alternative energy sources. The most effective techniques for producing and utilizing alternate energy sources were also explored. Moreover, some perspectives are given based on the challenges of using efficient energy production and sustainable uses of biomass energy in Ethiopia as it could be also implemented in other developing countries. We believe that the information in this review will shed light on the current and future prospects of biomass energy deployment in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Development of Microbial Fuel Cell as a Contribution to Renewable Energy Sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5391-5393
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Energy Sources

Renewable energy plays an important role in future energy planning. Due to the changes in environment, shortage of fossil fuel, increase in carbon foot printing and the rising demand of sustainable energy generation there is a need of new energy generation resources and research. Hence, the main aim of proposed research is to develop microbial fuel cell for clean energy generation. There is a need of alternative energy sources with less cost to meet the future energy demands. Also, the waste management is a bigger issue around the globe. As Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are less expensive and are with zero carbon foot printing it is considered as an emerging clean and alternative mean of energy generation. Also, the waste management is becoming important issue. To utilize waste material for energy generation is possible with bacteria present in waste material. The proposed research tested microbial fuel cell for household waste with use of carbon cloth electrodes. This paper presents the microbial fuel cell processes for different types of waste materials and pilot project execution is successful in terms of energy generation. The aim of the development of duel chamber microbial fuel cell is to contribute to the household electrification at pilot project level and further to that analyze the feasibility for future enhancements. The paper discusses the detail execution methodology for efficient use of waste materials in semi-solid and liquid form. The proposed research will be very useful as a source of renewable energy. More precisely, in future it is possible to generate independent household electrification with such options.

scholarly journals Bio-Oil Extraction from the Shells of Cocos Nucifera – A Source of Generating Renewable Energy and Its Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shireesha M. ◽  
Yasser Mirza Baig* ◽  
Sarita C. ◽  
Syed Rashid Iqbal ◽  
Caroline Wesley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Coconut Shells

Biomass is an important source of energy and fuel worldwide after coal, oil and natural gas. These fossil fuels do substantially more harm than renewable energy sources like biomass energy. Oil extracted from biomass is considered as an attractive option. In our project, we have specifically selected coconut shells as our feed as they are carbon-neutral, easy to store and abundantly available. Coconut shell also known as Cocos Nucifera shell in biological terms, once a discarded outer hardcover is now a product of great demand. Coconut shell charcoal is used as domestic and industrial fuel. This is obtained by various techniques. Initially, the shells are burned at high temperature and condensed to extract bio-oil using a series of unit operations and processes such as distillation, gas chromatography. These samples are then sent for analysis to compare them with the conventional fuel sources and then antimicrobial activity is examined. The medium-chain fatty acids in coconut oil have antimicrobial properties that can help protect against harmful microorganisms. Lauric acid and capric acid are known to have potent antimicrobial properties. Different bacterial cultures have been introduced later to test the ability of the oil to resist the harmful microorganisms and fungal cultures. Various analysis such as Infrared Spectroscopy, Gas-Mass Spectroscopy and Ultimate analysis are performed on the retrieved samples of oil extracted from the coconut shells. It is to be observed that the carbon content in the Cocos nucifera derived oil is less than the conventional diesel oil which makes it best for environmental uses.

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