Hukou System, Horizontal, Vertical, and Full Job-Education Mismatch and Wage Progression among College Floating Population in Beijing, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 609-620
Author(s):  
Donghong Xie
Keyword(s):  
College Graduates ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Logit Models ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Educational Mismatch ◽  
Hukou System ◽  
Multinomial Logit Models ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Beijing China

This article investigates college graduates in Beijing, China, and asks, First: Whether college graduates without local hukou are prone to educational mismatch? Second: What role does the hukou system play in the educational mismatch? And third: Whether college graduates without local hukou are willing to lower their wages in order to get a hukou? I use the Beijing College Students Panel Survey (BCSPS), and multinomial logit models and the linear regression analyses are conducted. I find that college graduates with (without) local hukou through job are more likely to be vertical and full mismatch than locals, and those who obtain a hukou through job have a higher full mismatch. After considering the educational mismatch, there is no significant difference in monthly wages between college graduates (not) having a hukou by work and locals.

EXPRESS: Serum Carbohydrate Antigen72-4 levels decrease with age in females but not males in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 000456322110269
Author(s):  
Tongmei Duan ◽  
Xun Chen ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Ronghai Li ◽  
Huijuan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Beijing China

Objective: Carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) is widely used in the diagnosis and monitoring of many cancers. However, there are few studies on the differences of CA72-4 levels in terms of age and gender. Methods: 10957 healthy subjects were divided into two groups according to gender and three age groups. The serum CA72-4 were detected. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS. Results: The CA72-4 level in female group was significantly higher than that in male group. The level of CA72-4 gradually decreased with age. Compared with the age >60 group, the CA72-4 levels were increased in the age 46-60 group and 16-45 group (P >0.05, respectively). To better observe the age difference, the age 16-45 and 46–60 group were combined into the age 16-60 group. In comparison to the age >60 group, the CA72-4 level of age 16-60 group was significantly increased (P =0.000). In the age >60 group, there was no difference between genders. Nevertheless, the difference between the sexes in the age 16-60 group was significant (P =0.023). Conclusions: The reference interval of CA72-4 for local healthy population was established. CA72-4 levels gradually decreased with the increase of age, and CA72-4 level in females aged 16-60 years (0-18.0 U/mL) was higher than in males (0-14.5 U/mL), however there was no gender difference in the age group above 60 years old (0-14.5 U/mL). Moreover, male CA72-4 was no significant difference among all age groups, while the potential mechanism of female changes with age needed further study.

NYC Selective Specialized Public High Schools and Honors College STEM Degrees: A Previously Unexplored Relationship

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pessy J. Sloan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
New York ◽  
High Schools ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Public High Schools ◽  
Public High School ◽  
Honors College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between attending one of the nine New York City (NYC) selective specialized public high schools and graduating from an honors college with a science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) degree, compared with honors college graduates who attended any other high school. A causal-comparative study design was applied. The participants consisted of 1,647 graduates from seven honors colleges, from 2011 to 2015, in the northeastern United States. Of the 1,647 graduates, 482 students graduated from NYC selective specialized public high schools and 1,165 students graduated from other high schools. The study found a significant difference ( p < .05) between the two groups. A larger percentage of NYC selective specialized public high schools graduated with a STEM degree from an honors college than students from other high schools. These results support the positive relationship between attending a NYC selective specialized public high school and graduating with a STEM degree from an honors college. Results and implications are discussed.

scholarly journals The Use of Synthetic Herbivory-Induced Plant Volatiles That Attract Specialist Parasitoid Wasps, Cotesia vestalis, for Controlling the Incidence of Diamondback Moth Larvae in Open Agricultural Fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayoshi Uefune ◽  
Kinuyo Yoneya ◽  
Masaki Yamamoto ◽  
Junji Takabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Treated Plot

We evaluated the effectiveness of using a blend of volatiles that attract Cotesia vestalis, a specialist parasitoid wasp of diamondback moth (DBM) larvae, to control DBM larvae on cabbage plants under open field conditions. We set three dispensers of the synthetic C. vestalis attractant together with one sugary-food feeder in a cabbage plot (10 m × 1 m; the treated plot) on one side of a pesticide-free open agricultural field (approximately 20 m × 20 m) from June to September in 2010 and July to August in 2011. On the other side of the field, we created a control cabbage plot of the same size in which neither dispensers nor a feeder was set. The incidences of DBM larvae and C. vestalis cocoons in the control and treated plots were compared. In 2010, the incidence of DBM larvae in the treated plot was significantly lower than that in the control plot. Poisson regression analyses in 2010 showed that the rate of increase in the number of C. vestalis cocoons along with an increase in the number of DBM larvae in the treated plot was significantly higher than that in the control plot. In 2011, the incidence in both the treated and control plots remained low (five larvae per plant or less) with no significant difference between the plots. Poisson regression analyses in 2011 showed that the number of C. vestalis cocoons in the treated plot was significantly higher than that in the control plot, irrespective of the number of DBM larvae. This 2-year field study suggested that the dispensers recruited native C. vestalis from the surrounding environment to the treated plot, and the dispensers controlled the number of DBM larvae in 2010 when the density of DBM larvae exceeded the economic injury levels for the cabbage crop. We also compared the incidences of other arthropods in the control and treated plots. The incidences of Pieris rapae larvae and Plusiinae spp. were not affected by the treatments. The number of aphids in the treated and control plots was inconsistent between the 2 years. Based on these 2-year results, the possible use of C. vestalis attractants in open agricultural fields is discussed.

Racial disparities in comprehensive biomarker testing and clinical trial enrollment among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (28_suppl) ◽  
pp. 125-125
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Hess ◽  
Debora S. Bruno ◽  
Xiaohong Li ◽  
Eric Wen Su ◽  
Monaliben Patel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Trial Participation ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Us ◽  
Biomarker Testing ◽  
Clinical Trial Enrollment

125 Background: Racial disparities may exist at many levels in the health care system; in oncology, yet little is known about racial disparities in biomarker testing and clinical trial enrollment among patients with mCRC. This study was designed to explore racial differences in comprehensive biomarker testing and clinical trial enrollment in the US using a large real-world database. Methods: This retrospective observational study utilized the Flatiron Health electronic health records database, which includes longitudinal data from patients diagnosed with mCRC. Patients with mCRC were eligible for this study if they had evidence of systemic therapy from 1/1/2017 through 10/30/2020 and were alive for at least 120 days after metastatic diagnosis. Unadjusted analyses summarized differences in biomarker testing and clinical trial enrollment between White and Black race, adjusted regression analyses were conducted using all baseline variables as covariates. These data are de-identified and are not considered human subjects research in accordance with the US Code of Federal Regulations (45 CFR Part 46). Results: A total of 7,879 patients were eligible: 4,803 (61.0%) were White and 838 (10.6%) were Black. Comprehensive testing by next-generation sequencing (NGS) was received by 51.6% and 41.8% of patients who were White and Black, respectively (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in clinical trial participation across all lines of therapy (2.9%, White and 2.9% Black). There was a statistically significant relationship between NGS-based testing and clinical trial enrollment (p < 0.0001), however, race was not identified a moderating factor in this relationship in adjusted regression analyses. The receipt of molecularly-targeted therapy was comparable between both races (11.9% and 9.7% for White and Black, respectively; p = 0.06). Patients received FOLFOX+bevacizumab most commonly in the first line (34.3% White; 40.5% Black), all other regimens were within 2 percentage points between racial groups. Targeted agents were each used by less than 7.4% of the study population. Conclusions: The use of NGS-based testing is significantly different by race in this database. The significant relationship between NGS testing and clinical trial enrollment at any time in the database did not appear to be moderated by race; however, descriptive analyses suggest that the ongoing analyses by line of therapy and considering timing of testing may better quantify these relationships. These data may not be generalizable to the entire US population as they are obtained from a single database that is limited to practices using this EHR system.

Educational Mismatch and Skill Mismatch in the Youth Labor Market: Panel Evidence from South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-361
Author(s):  
Kihong Park ◽  
Jesus Hernandez Arce
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Educational Mismatch ◽  
Skill Mismatch ◽  
Wage Effect ◽  
Youth Labor Market ◽  
Wage Effects

Abstract Most prior research on labor market mismatch was constrained by the unavailability of data on skill mismatch and also the absence of panel data which would provide controls for unmeasured heterogeneity. This paper makes use of the panel element of Korea Labor & Income Panel Survey (KLIPS) data and identifies the wage effects of educational mismatch and skill mismatch both separately and jointly. It clearly shows that only a small proportion of the wage effect of educational mismatch is accounted for by skill mismatch, suggesting a relatively weak relation between educational mismatch and skill mismatch. In the analysis appropriate panel methodology produces much weaker estimates of the relevant coefficients than the pooled OLS model. This result indicates that unobserved individual-specific characteristics play a substantial role in the way in which mismatch effects are determined.

scholarly journals The Relationship between User Perception and Preference of Greenway Trail Characteristics in Urban Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junga Lee ◽  
Hyung-Sook Lee ◽  
Daeyoung Jeong ◽  
C. Scott Shafer ◽  
Jinhyung Chon
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
User Perception ◽  
Virtual Tour ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vegetation Water ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Water Amount

Greenways provide multiple benefits for trail users’ individual experiences based on users’ background environment and their perceptions of characteristics such as the trail width, vegetation, water, and facilities. Although greenway trail characteristics are important factors that affect users’ preferences, only a few studies have examined individuals’ experiences of greenways based on their perceptions and preferences. The purpose of this study is to examine how greenway trails can be designed to improve users’ experiences in relation to their perceptions and preferences by considering trail characteristics. We examine the relationship between greenway trail characteristics and likability using t-tests as well as correlation and multiple regression analyses. In the current study, virtual tour surveys of greenway users were conducted, with two urban greenway trails as the study sites: Town Lake Trail in Austin, Texas, and Buffalo Bayou Trail in Houston, Texas. Perceptions of all eight greenway trail characteristics, except for background buildings, were significantly different between the trails, and a significant difference in likability was found for five characteristics (the presence of water, trail facilities, trail width, adjacent automobile traffic, and built structures on the trail). In addition, the results of the correlation and multiple regression analyses revealed that the presence of water, amount of vegetation, automobile traffic, and built structures were correlated with likability. These findings suggest that designing appropriate types of greenway trails can help increase users’ likeability ratings of urban greenways. This study contributes to the enhancement of trail environments by providing strategies for practitioners to effectively design and manage greenways.

scholarly journals Healthcare, Insurance, and Medical Expenditure of the Floating Population in Beijing, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenjin Ma ◽  
Yuming Zhang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Yan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Healthcare Insurance ◽  
Beijing China
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