Psychotherapy with clients with addiction(s): a grounded theory study of effective therapeutic approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-154
Author(s):  
Joanna Holroyd ◽  
Maria Luca
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Therapist Factors ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Client Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Model

Background: addiction is a multifaceted topic with social, cultural, and political undertones and influences. It can be considered challenging to work with psychotherapeutically. Aim: to counter this pejorative conjecture, this study aimed to explore the approaches experienced therapists use in their clinical work. Methodology: to investigate what has proved important and therapeutically helpful empirically, ten qualitative semi-structured interviews were carried out with experienced clinicians of varying modalities working with addiction. Transcripts were analysed using constructivist grounded theory. Findings: one core category emerged from the data: what was revealed to be effective in working with addictions is a unique, contextualised, collaborative and creative therapeutic approach. Five sub-categories transpired: 1) contextual factors; 2) therapist factors; 3) client factors; 4) conceptualisations; 5) therapeutic work. The findings indicate that through engagement with unique psychosocial understandings of clients, therapists enhance their own understandings of the phenomenon of addiction, which then informs their therapeutic approach. It is argued that an individualised and creative approach, anchored in the particular needs, personal preferences or beliefs of the client, is given preference over rigid adherence to any particular therapeutic model.

The Virtuous Circle: A Grounded Theory Exploration of the Good Lives Model

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 908-929
Author(s):  
Miriam Ryan ◽  
Mathew McCauley ◽  
Davina Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Good Lives Model ◽  
Sexual Offenses ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
Good Lives

Sexual offenses evoke strong emotional responses and frequently elicit demands from society that offenders be indefinitely incarcerated or treated until they are deemed safe, which may impact the provision of therapeutic treatment for offenders. However, in recent years, there has been a proposal to move toward a positive, strengths-based treatment approach, namely the Good Lives Model (GLM). The present study used semi-structured interviews and a constructivist grounded theory approach to examine the experience of 13 men who were voluntarily engaging in or had completed a GLM community-based treatment program. A conceptual model emerged which outlines the process the men underwent, the factors they identified as crucial for change, and the perceived gains. The model extends previous work by exploring the process from the clients’ perspective. Implications for future research, prevention, and treatment are discussed.

scholarly journals Psychiatrists' understanding and use of psychological formulation: a qualitative exploration

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanna Mohtashemi ◽  
John Stevens ◽  
Paul G. Jackson ◽  
Stephen Weatherhead
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Psychiatry Training ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Grounded Theory Methodology ◽  
Adult Psychiatry ◽  
Psychological Formulation ◽  
Qualitative Exploration

Aims and methodTo establish an initial conceptualisation of how psychiatrists understand and use formulation within adult psychiatry practice. Twelve psychiatrists took part in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using a constructivist grounded theory methodology.ResultsFormulation was conceptualised as an addition to diagnosis, triggered by risk, complexity and a need for an enhanced understanding. Participants valued collaborative formulation with psychologists. Multiple contextual factors were perceived to either facilitate or inhibit the process. Barriers to formulation led to a disjointed way of working.Clinical implicationsFindings contribute to an understanding of formulation within psychiatry training and practice.

scholarly journals Moral Distress Trajectories of Physicians 1 Year after the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Grounded Theory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13367
Author(s):  
Giulia Lamiani ◽  
Davide Biscardi ◽  
Elaine C. Meyer ◽  
Alberto Giannini ◽  
Elena Vegni
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Moral Integrity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Good Doctor ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Moral Outcomes

The COVID-19 pandemic has confronted emergency and critical care physicians with unprecedented ethically challenging situations. The aim of this paper was to explore physicians’ experience of moral distress during the pandemic. A qualitative multicenter study was conducted using grounded theory. We recruited 15 emergency and critical care physicians who worked in six hospitals from the Lombardy region of Italy. Semi-structured interviews about their professional experience of moral distress were conducted from November 2020–February 2021 (1 year after the pandemic outbreak). The transcripts were qualitatively analyzed following open, axial, and selective coding. A model of moral distress was generated around the core category of Being a Good Doctor. Several Pandemic Stressors threatened the sense of Being a Good Doctor, causing moral distress. Pandemic Stressors included limited healthcare resources, intensified patient triage, changeable selection criteria, limited therapeutic/clinical knowledge, and patient isolation. Emotions of Moral Distress included powerlessness, frustration/anger, and sadness. Physicians presented different Individual Responses to cope with moral distress, such as avoidance, acquiescence, reinterpretation, and resistance. These Individual Responses generated different Moral Outcomes, such as moral residue, disengagement, or moral integrity. The Working Environment, especially the team and organizational culture, was instrumental in restoring or disrupting moral integrity. In order for physicians to manage moral distress successfully, it was important to use reinterpretation, that is, to find new ways of enacting their own values by reframing morally distressing situations, and to perceive a cooperative and supportive Working Environment.

scholarly journals Swedish Gay Men's Pursuit of Fatherhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 53-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Malmquist ◽  
Alexander Spånberg Ekholm
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Gay Fathers ◽  
Legal Custody ◽  
Assisted Reproduction Treatment

The aim of the present work is to explore how gay fathers have experienced legal obstacles throughout their process of becoming fathers, and what strategies they have used to cope with the difficulties they have met. The study used semi-structured interviews to capture the fathers’ experiences, and a constructivist grounded theory to analyse the data. Interviews with thirty gay fathers in Sweden were included in the study. The participants had become fathers through surrogacy, shared parenthood with women, or foster care. Legal obstacles had played a prominent role in all three family forms, as well as in adoption – which some participants had unsuccessfully pursued. Obstacles marked both their pursuit of fatherhood and their establishment of legal custody. Some participants had eventually given up their initially preferred path to parenthood and searched for another route. To overcome legal obstacles, the participants had utilised one or more strategies; such as being persistent and well prepared, pretending to be straight, and finding access to assisted reproduction treatment abroad. Regardless of the path to parenthood, the participants stressed the necessity of possessing adequate personal or economic resources to become parents.

scholarly journals Seizing the opportunity of the moment; nurse education in Cameroon: a grounded theory research study

2020 ◽  
pp. 174498712094855
Author(s):  
Michel N Maboh ◽  
Peter J Martin ◽  
Susan Stallabrass
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Nurse Education ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Grounded Theory Research ◽  
The Moment

Background Cameroon became a republic in 1960 but tensions have continued over the last half century; such tensions, and some of the opportunities afforded, have shaped policy decisions around issues including nursing education. Aims The aim of this paper is to present a constructivist grounded theory of the evolution of nurse education in Cameroon based on interviews and available historical records. Methods Two data sources were used to develop the theory. Semi-structured interviews were carried out by the researcher with a purposive sample of 10 informants. Informants involved in the historical and current development of nurse education policy and practice were interviewed. Historical records were also located and examined, to understand the differing philosophical and pragmatic basis for decision-making in relation to nurse education in Cameroon. Results The emergent grounded theory is entitled ‘Seizing the opportunity of the moment’. This theory outlines the evolution of nurse education in Cameroon since the country gained independence. It explores the centrality of timeliness and context on the evolution of nurse education policy. Conclusions Conclusions are drawn that identify the current context in Cameroon as a critical moment for harmonisation of policy and practice for nurse education.

Minding the Body: An interdisciplinary theory of optimal posture for musicians

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Shoebridge ◽  
Nora Shields ◽  
Kate E. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Alexander Technique ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Barriers To Change ◽  
Training Schools ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Interdisciplinary Theory

Posture influences music technique, and poor posture is associated with performance-related problems in musicians. Student musicians rely on music teachers, physiotherapists, and Alexander Technique teachers for advice about posture and performance-related problems. However, it is unknown whether these professional groups share a common understanding of optimal posture, or if posture management strategies align with performance goals. The aim of this study was to develop an interdisciplinary theory of posture to support musicians’ health and performance. This qualitative study used constructivist grounded theory as its methodological framework. Purposive sampling recruited four heads of university instrumental departments, three university physiotherapy lecturers and three heads of Alexander Technique teacher training schools to participate in semi-structured interviews. Interview transcripts were analyzed using grounded theory, and results were discussed applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The overarching theory of posture for musicians was Minding the Body, suggesting mind-body coordination. Subprocesses included rebalancing the self with the instrument and performance environment (Finding balance); minimizing effort (Maintaining ease); addressing adverse habits (Challenging habits); overcoming traditional perspectives to optimize performance (Expanding the framework), and addressing barriers to optimal posture (Barriers to change). This interdisciplinary theory presents posture as dynamic mind-body coordination to facilitate health and performance.

scholarly journals Older Users of a Befriending Service in Ireland and the Maintenance of Personal Autonomy during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2788
Author(s):  
Eimile Holton ◽  
Rachel Fitzpatrick ◽  
Rebecca Maguire ◽  
Seán Commins ◽  
Thomas Scharf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Older Users ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

In the Republic of Ireland (RoI), COVID-19 public health guidelines have been most restrictive for people aged 70 and over. Such individuals are most likely to avail of befriending services offered by a network of Irish organisations. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of COVID-19 guidelines on befriending service users, and to develop recommended adaptations to befriending services compatible with such guidelines. A qualitative constructivist grounded theory approach was taken to the study design and analysis, using semi-structured interviews to collect data from 11 participants by telephone between May 2020 and January 2021. Results show a grounded theory describing how older users of a befriending service maintained their personal autonomy in the face of strict government guidelines. Participants described living life as usual, often contravening guidelines, and how they chose to adapt to the situation, yielding both positive and negative outcomes. Some potential adaptations were discussed to the befriending service (including a preserved focus on the social and emotional functions of the befriending relationship, and the accommodation of collaborative decision making about communicative alternatives), but ultimately it was made clear that participants would tailor the services to their own preferences. Results have implications for befriending service design and delivery, and for public health officials who wish to support the health of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Enacting affordances: an investigation of digitally mediated multimodal assessment in higher education

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Geir Petter Laingen
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Multimodal Assessment ◽  
Assessment Design ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Beneficial Action ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Prior Experiences

This thesis examines the incorporation of a digitally mediated audio-visual assignment into theoretical-contextual modules at a UK post-1992 University. A sample of seven student-produced artefacts has been analysed, highlighting the semiotic work undertaken, the expressive resources used, and the types of knowledge conveyed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen participants, who provided accounts of their experiences and discussed the perceived value of the assignment. These two sets of empirical material were analysed using grounded theory methods, providing the basis for developing a grounded theory of enacted affordances. The theory is substantive in that it is derived from researching only one specific educational context. However, the final categories are sufficiently abstract to allow transferability, adaptation and refinement in further research within other contexts. The interview analysis created a strong foundation for the theory, by developing a core category of “Assessing subjective task value”, and its main properties and dimensions: academic emotions, relevance, materiality and self-regulation. Combining this with the insights from the artefact analysis, and with the concepts from Gibson’s affordance theory, the thesis reconceptualises digitally mediated multimodal assessment as the dynamic process of affordance enactment The study concludes that different kinds of positive and negative affordances are potentially present within any assignment, and their realisation depends both on the specific assignment features as affordance-bearers, and on the students’ ability to perceive, select and implement beneficial action possibilities. The conclusion is that whilst digitally mediated multimodal assignments can offer additional advantages compared to traditional written coursework, it is not a given that students will engage in an academically meaningful way or have beneficial and motivating experiences. Careful consideration of assessment design is therefore crucial for the successful incorporation of such assignments, weighing up the relevant affordance bearers and their potential impact on students with diverse skills, strategies and prior experiences.

scholarly journals Transitions to fatherhood: a constructivist grounded theory study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Suzanne Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Grounded Theory Study ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time

Fathers who are involved with their infants have the potential to make significant positive contributions to their children’s future health, wellbeing, and development. Transitions to fatherhood and the factors that shape those experiences, for some men, are poorly understood. There is a need for an improved awareness of the experiences of first-time fathers to inform policy and practice and improve support and outcomes for these men and their families. The primary aim of this work was to explore contemporary transitions to fatherhood. To this end, a constructivist grounded theory study (CGTM) was undertaken. Twelve new fathers were recruited in the North of England and data were gathered from semi-structured interviews where participants shared their experiences and perspectives of becoming fathers for the first time. Concepts relating to becoming and being fathers were explored in addition to fatherhood identity development. Following analysis of the data via processes fundamental to CGTM, the core category of reconciling father identities was constructed consisting of three theoretical categories: anticipating fatherhood, tensions in fathering and the fluidity of fathering. All participants had strong aspirations for involved fathering performances and took steps to prepare for their new roles. However, they faced various tensions in the workplace, in healthcare and in the normative, often traditional, expectations influenced by social and structural gendered norms. The father roles that they were ascribed by others frequently did not fit with their aspirations during pregnancy and the early months as fathers. They therefore found themselves working through periods of identity reconciliation which impacted upon their self-concept as fathers, their parenting confidence, and their parenting autonomy. Broader consideration of the needs of fathers is required across the arenas in which they perform fatherhood to support the development of positive father identities. This has the potential to benefit the wellbeing of the men themselves, their partners, and their infants. The implications for workplace, healthcare policy and practice are offered including suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Moral Distress in Community and Hospital Settings for the Care of Elderly People. A Grounded Theory Qualitative Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1307
Author(s):  
Giulia Villa ◽  
Federico Pennestrì ◽  
Debora Rosa ◽  
Noemi Giannetta ◽  
Roberta Sala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Care Of Elderly

Background: Moral distress has frequently been investigated in single healthcare settings and concerning a single type of professional. This study aimed to describe the experience of moral distress in all the types of professionals providing daily care to elderly patients and residents. Methods: The Grounded Theory approach, developed by Corbin and Strauss, was used. This study included participants from hospital and nursing homes of northern Italy. Purposive and theoretical sampling was used. Between December 2020 and April 2021, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Results: Thirteen participants were included in the study. Four categories were derived from the data: talking and listening, care provider wellbeing, decision making, protective factors, and potential solutions. The core category identified was “sharing daily”. Interviewees confirm how hard it may be to communicate to the elderly, but at the same time, how adequate communication with the leader is a protective factor of moral distress. They also confirm how communication is key to managing or downsizing misunderstandings at all levels. Findings highlight the scarcity of operators as a fundamental trigger of moral distress. Conclusions: Many determinants of this phenomenon lie behind the direct control of professionals, but education can help them learn how to prevent, manage, or downsize the consequences.

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