scholarly journals STRUCTURE OF FOREST LITTER AS AN INDICATOR OF POTENTIAL FIRE RISK IN THE PINE FORESTS OF POLISSYA, UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
V. P. Voron ◽  
S. H. Sydorenko ◽  
O. M. Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Forest Fuels ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Stock Volume

The forest litter plays a key role in the occurrence and development of forest fires. Forest litter is one of the main components of forest fuels. The study of the structure, stock volume, and features of forest litter is extremely important for understanding the fire risks in the pine forests of Polissya zone, Ukraine, where a considerable amount of litter is accumulated (from 117 to 862 metric centners per hectare). In the pine stands of the northern and southern parts of the Rivne Polissya, along with the determined reserves, moisture and density (volumetric weight) of the litter were studied. It was found that when the age of pine plantations increases, the volume and the density of the litter also increase. Increasing stock of litter also increases the duration and maximum temperature of combustion. Increasing the density, on the contrary, slows down the burning rate or makes it impossible. It is established that the density of the litter grows deep into the profile with an increase in the proportion of non-structural mortmass. Thus, when the structure of the litter becomes less porous, air access decreases and the time of combustion also increases.

Monitoring Forest Fire using Geo-Spatial Information Techniques and Spatial Statistics: One Case Study of Forest fire in Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqil Tariq ◽  
Hong Shu ◽  
Saima Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Forest Density ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Severity Rating

Abstract Background Understanding the spatial patterns of forest fires is of key importance for fire risk management with ecological implications. Fire occurrence, which may result from the presence of an ignition source and the conditions necessary for a fire to spread, is an essential component of fire risk assessment. Methods The aim of this research was to develop a methodology for analyzing spatial patterns of forest fire danger with a case study of tropical forest fire at Margalla Hills, Islamabad, Pakistan. A geospatial technique was applied to explore influencing factors including climate, vegetation, topography, human activities, and 299 fire locations. We investigated the spatial extent of burned areas using Landsat data and determined how these factors influenced the severity rating of fires in these forests. The importance of these factors on forest fires was analyzed and assessed using logistic and stepwise regression methods. Results The findings showed that as the number of total days since the start of fire has increased, the burned areas increased at a rate of 25.848 ha / day (R 2 = 0.98). The average quarterly mean wind speed, forest density, distance to roads and average quarterly maximum temperature were highly correlated to the daily severity rating of forest fires. Only the average quarterly maximum temperature and forest density affected the size of the burnt areas. Fire maps indicate that 22% of forests are at the high and very high level (> 0.65), 25% at the low level (0.45-0.65), and 53% at the very low level (0.25 – 0.45). Conclusion Through spatial analysis, it is found that most forest fires happened in less populated areas and at a long distance from roads, but some climatic and human activities could have influenced fire growth. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that geospatial information technique is useful for exploring forest fire and their spatial distribution.

scholarly journals THE STOCKS OF SURFACE FOREST FUELS IN THE FORESTS OF KYIV POLISSYA ZONE, UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
R. V. Hurzhii ◽  
P. P. Yavorovsky
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Forest Fuels ◽  
Forestry Research ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Accumulation Trend ◽  
Information Database

Large forest fires cause the most devastating consequences. Global climate change, excessive man-made pressures are accompanied by frequent forest fires, especially in pine plantations, which are the most hazardous. The article reports the changes in the stocks of forest fuels in the pine plantations of the Boyarka Forestry Research Station in the Kiev Polissya zone. The stocks of fraction composition for 1st and 2nd groups of forest fuels were analysed by age. Separately, the stock of forest fuels of the 1st group was evaluated as a part of the total stock of forest fuels of 1st and 2nd groups. It was established that the stocks of the forest fuels of 1st group exceeded the 2nd group stocks at a young age, in particular at the age of 15 in a fresh fairly fertile sites and at the age of 23 in fresh fairly infertile pine site type. Features of forest fuel stocks in pure pine plantations were analyzed depending on the type of forest site conditions and the age of pine plantations. The accumulation trend of forest fuels was revealed depending on the age of the plantation. The most fire-dangerous plantations of Scots pine were determined, taking into account their age and the stock of surface forest fuels. This will allow predicting the occurrence of fires in the pine forests of the Boyarka Forestry Research Station, to create an information database on the stocks of forest fuels, and to reveal patterns of their accumulation with age in different types of forest sites.

scholarly journals Dynamics of pine stands condition in SE “Lymanske Forest Economy”

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Volodymyr P. Pasternak ◽  
Olexiy B. Prihodko ◽  
Tetiana S. Pyvovar ◽  
Volodymyr Yu. Yarotsky
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Pine Stands

The issue of pine forest stands health condition and mortality at the scale of one state enterprise (SE "Lymanske Forest Economy"), located in the Northern part of the Steppe zone of Ukraine, is considered. For the study data from two repeated observations at 8 permanent plots, laid in 2019, in forest stands with varying degrees of mortality and those damaged by fire was used. A re-survey was carried out in 2020. Using the GIS Field-Map, trees were mapped at the permanent plots and their health condition, mortality, and damage were assessed. For the background assessment of pine forests condition, the results of observations at 7 forest monitoring plots (I level) (surveys of 2015 and 2020) were used. The source of climate data was the online resource ClimateCharts.net. It was found out that over the last 10 years, due to climate change, the temperature in the region increased and the amount of precipitation decreased, which led to the appearance of a dry period in August, which is unfavourable for the growth of pine forests at the limit of their range. Groundwater levels have changed, as evidenced by the drying of Lake Lyman during 2013-2020. Obtained results showed, that the condition of pine stands in the monitoring plots significantly deteriorated compared to 2015. Currently, the condition of pine forests are considered as "weakened" and "severely weakened" (the health condition index (HCI) of living trees varied from 1.53 to 2.70), the average defoliation and mortality of trees have increased significantly. In weakened stands, the proportion of trees with damage increases over time, in particular, due to the colonization of stem insects. Forest fires pose a significant threat to the pure artificial pine forests that predominate in the region. As a result of fires, the condition of the stands deteriorated (HCI 2.49–2.70) and the number of dead trees increased.

scholarly journals Potential influence of meteorological variables on forest fire risk in Serbia during the period 2000-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 414-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Tošić ◽  
D. Mladjan ◽  
M. B. Gavrilov ◽  
S. Živanović ◽  
M. G. Radaković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Forest Fire Risk

Abstract To examine potential relationships between meteorological variables and forest fires in Serbia, daily temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed data for 15 meteorological stations across Serbia were used to construct fire indices. The daily values of the Ångström and Nesterov indices were calculated for the period 2000–2017. A high number of forest fires occurred in 2007 and 2012 in Serbia, during a period of extremely high air temperatures in 2007, followed by the longest heat wave and the worst drought in 2012. In order to identify the ideal weather conditions for fire break outs, different combinations of input variables, e.g., meteorological variables (mean temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, maximum temperature, minimum temperature and wind speed), fire danger indices or a combination of both, for the Belgrade area during the period 1986–2017, were tested. It was found that using relative humidity or precipitation as a predictor only generates a satisfactory model for forecasting of number of forest fires.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Forest Fires in Southeastern Australia Using SAR Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2386
Author(s):  
Aqil Tariq ◽  
Hong Shu ◽  
Qingting Li ◽  
Orhan Altan ◽  
Mobushir Riaz Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
Backscatter Coefficient ◽  
Prescribed Burns ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
Sar Data ◽  
Sar Imagery

Prescribed burning is a common strategy for minimizing forest fire risk. Fire is introduced under specific environmental conditions, with explicit duration, intensity, and rate of spread. Such conditions deviate from those encountered during the fire season. Prescribed burns mostly affect surface fuels and understory vegetation, an outcome markedly different when compared to wildfires. Data on prescribed burning are crucial for evaluating whether land management targets have been reached. This research developed a methodology to quantify the effects of prescribed burns using multi-temporal Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery in the forests of southeastern Australia. C-band SAR datasets were specifically used to statistically explore changes in radar backscatter coefficients with the intensity of prescribed burns. Two modeling approaches based on pre- and post-fire ratios were applied for evaluating prescribed burn impacts. The effects of prescribed burns were documented with an overall accuracy of 82.3% using cross-polarized backscatter (VH) SAR data under dry conditions. The VV polarization indicated some potential to detect burned areas under wet conditions. The findings in this study indicate that the C-band SAR backscatter coefficient has the potential to evaluate the effectiveness of prescribed burns due to its sensitivity to changes in vegetation structure.

Forest Fuels in Unthinned Radiata Pine Stands

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Radiata Pine ◽  
Forest Fuels ◽  
Pine Stands

Estimation de la production de jeunes plantations de pin rouge et de pin gris du sud du Québec

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Bolghari
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
South Shore ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
St Lawrence River

Multiple regression equations have been developed to predict yield from young red pine and jack pine plantations. Data from 446 sample plots representing young red pine and jack pine stands located on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River between Quebec and Montreal were analysed. The red pine plantation yielded more than the jack pine. However, in plantation both species yield more than in natural stands. Taking into account the age and spacing of the sampled plantations, the equation obtained can provide information on yield of red pine and jack pine stands the maximum spacing of which is 3 × 3 m, up to the age of 45 and 35 years respectively. The equations will allow the construction of preliminary yield tables for both species.

scholarly journals MULTICRITERIA ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFYING FOREST FIRE RISK ZONES IN THE BIOLOGICAL RESERVE OF THE SAMA CORDILLERA, BOLIVIA

2020 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W12-2020 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
S. Mariscal ◽  
M. Ríos ◽  
F. Soria
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Spatial Risk ◽  
Forest Fire Risk ◽  
Very High ◽  
Biological Reserve

Abstract. Forest fires have negative effects on biodiversity, the atmosphere and human health. The paper presents a spatial risk model as a tool to assess them. Risk areas refer to sectors prone to the spread of fire, in addition to the influence of human activity through remote sensing and multi-criteria analysis. The analysis includes information on land cover, land use, topography (aspect, slope and elevation), climate (temperature and precipitation) and socio-economic factors (proximity to settlements and roads). Weights were assigned to each in order to generate the forest fire risk map. The investigation was carried for a Biological Reserve in Bolivia because of the continuous occurrence of forest fires. Five risk categories for forest fires were derived: very high, high, moderate, low and very low. In summary, results suggest that approximately 67% of the protected area presents a moderate to very high risk; in the latter, populated areas are not dense which reduces the actual risk to the type of events analyzed.

scholarly journals RECREATIONAL POTENTIAL OF SOMOVSKOE FORESTRY OF (VORONEZH REGION) AND THE PROSPECTS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Irina Tyrchenkova
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Aesthetic Evaluation ◽  
Closed Type ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Special Relevance

Recreational use of forest resources is the most important for urban green forests. Every year the problem of satisfying the population growing needs for recreation in the forest, while ensuring its preservation, acquires special relevance. The main function of Somovskoe Forestry (Voronezh region) is environmental protection, which includes the implementation of protective, water conservation, and recreational functions. Grass pine forests are the most comfortable for vacationers in Somovskoe forestry. In the study, the recreational potential of the Somovskoe Forestry (Voronezh region) has been estimated based on the methods of various authors, types of landscapes, types and forms of recreation, stages of digression, planning and aesthetic value. It has been revealed that most of the plantations are occupied with a closed type of l of horizontal closeness. The predominant class of aesthetic evaluation of the examined stands is II. The largest area is occupied by the strata with III and IV stage of digression. The main types of recreation in the stands of Somovskoe forestry are everyday and camping ones. The main forms are off-road and road ones. The predominant class of aesthetic assessment is II (65% ± 3.2). It is a plantation with reduced visibility and patency. The recreational potential of the studied artificial pine plantations is not higher than class II. Recommendations on regulating the movement of vacationers with the goal of hindering the "development" of the entire forest area, the development of measures to improve the culture and discipline of recreants, to increase the sustainability and productivity of plantations have been given on the basis of research results.

scholarly journals Zakour Forest fire risk map assessment in the commune of Mamounia (Mascara, Algeria)

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Djamel Anteur ◽  
Abdelkrim Benaradj ◽  
Youcef Fekir ◽  
Djillali Baghdadi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
The City ◽  
Forest Fire Risk

Abstract The great forest of Zakour is located north of the commune of Mamounia (department of Mascara). It is considered the lung of the city of Mascara, covers an area of 126.8 ha. It is a forest that is subject to several natural and human constraints. Among them, the fires are a major danger because of their impacts on forest ecosystems. The purpose of this work is to develop a fire risk map of the Zakour Forest through the contribution of geomatics according to natural and anthropogenic conditions (human activities, agglomeration, agricultural land) while integrating information from ground on the physiognomy of the vegetation. For this, the creation of a clearer fire risk map to delimit the zones potentially sensitive to forest fires in the forest area of Zakour. This then allows good implementation of detection management plans, for better prevention and decision-making assistance in protecting and fighting forest fires.

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