Effect of concentrate feeding supplementary to rice straw on dry matter intake and growth rate of young Pyar Sein bulls

The study evaluated the effects of level of feed offer on dry matter intake (DMI) , digestibility, the parts of plants selected and on the growth rate of West African dwarf (WAD) goats without resulting in toxicity. Seven different levels of feed offer ranging from 40g/kg0.75/day to 130Wkg0.75/day in increments of 15g/kg0.75) were fed to two groups of goats. The first group was fed 100% Gliricidia while the while the second was fed 50% Gliricidia and 50% Leucaena diet (50/50). The level of feed offer had significant effect on the DIM and digestible DMI (DDMI) of the goat (P < 0.01). The Leucaena intake in a 50/50 diet was always higher than the Gliricidia intake except at 55g1kg0.75 offer level. The level of feed offer had significant effects on the parts of plants selected (P < 0.01.) and on the growth rate. The leaf intake was statistically higher than the stem intake (P < 0.01). All the goats on 40g/kg0.75 and 55g/kg0.75 on a 100% Gliricidia diet lost weight while only those on 40g/kg0.75 lost weight on a 50/50 diet. There was no significant difference in the growth rate of goats on feed offer levels of 70g to 130g/kg0.75 (P > 0.05). The study indicate that goats performance was higher on a mixed browse diet than on Gliricidia alone. Goats performed best at 100g/kg0.75 offer level.

Download Full-text

Caecotrophes intake in growing rabbits estimated either from urinary excretion of purine derivatives or from direct measurement using animals provided with a neck collar: effect of type and level of dietary carbohydrate

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800052309 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 135-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A. Belenguer ◽

J. Balcells ◽

M. Fondevila ◽

C. Torre

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Purine Derivatives ◽

Lower Growth ◽

Beet Pulp ◽

Lower Growth Rate ◽

Maize Grain ◽

G Ratio ◽

Microbial N

AbstractThe present study compares estimates of caecotrophes production from urinary purine derivatives (PD) excretion with that from preventing caecotrophy by using a neck collar. A total of 64 New Zealand growing male rabbits were used to study the effect of diet composition on caecotrophes production. Diets were formulated using two sources of structural carbohydrates (fibre): alfalfa hay (AH) and sugar-beet pulp (SBP), mixed at two constant proportions, (0·75: 0·25) AH diets and (0·25: 0·75) SBP diets. Both diets included either barley or maize grain at two fibre: grain ratios (F/G, 80: 20 and 45: 55). Diets were given ad libitum. Growth rate, dry matter intake and digestibility were not modified by the grain source, although high F/G diets resulted in a lower growth rate (19·8 v. 26·4 g/day; P < 0·001). Between fibre sources, dry-matter intake and growth were higher in AH than in SBP diets (122·5 and 25·6 v. 101·6 and 20·4 g/day, respectively, P < 0·001 and P < 0·01). Rabbits given high F/G ratio and AH diets excreted more caecotrophes than those given low F/G ratio and SBP diets (19·5 and 20·9 v. 16·3 and 14·85 g/day, respectively). Microbial-N recycling through the caecotrophy process was higher when considering data from PD excretion (1·33 g/d) than when estimated by preventing caecotrophy (0·72 g/day).

Download Full-text

Prediction of intake by cattle from degradation characteristics of roughages

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s000335610000307x ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 29-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

E. R. Ørskov ◽

G. W. Reid ◽

M. Kay

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Anhydrous Ammonia ◽

Exponential Equations ◽

Ad Libitum

ABSTRACTFive different straws consisting of two varieties of winter barley, two varieties of spring barley and one variety of winter wheat were chosen due to differences in degradation characteristics determined by using nylon bags incubated in the rumen of cattle and describing the straw using the equation: p = a + b (1 – e–ct). To increase variation in degradability, batches of the same straws were also treated with anhydrous ammonia in a sealed oven.The straws were subsequently offered ad libitum to groups of steers given a daily supplement of 1·5 kg concentrate and untreated straws were supplemented with urea. The dry-matter intake (DMI) of the straws varied from 3·4 to 5·7 kg/day, the digestible DMI from 1·4 to 3·5 kg/day and growth rate from 106 to 608 g/day.By using multiple regression of a, b, c from the exponential equations characterizing degradability of the straw, the correlation coefficients with DMI, digestible DMI and growth rate were 0·88, 0·96 and 0·95 respectively.

Download Full-text

PERFORMANCE OF FEMALE WEST AFRICAN DWARF (Fouta djallon) GOATS FED SPONDIAS MOMBIN Plus CONCENTRATE.

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v23i2.2340 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 161-163

Author(s):

A. B. J. AINA

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Young Female ◽

West African ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

West African Dwarf ◽

Spondias Mombin ◽

Fouta Djallon

The effects of supplementing Spondias mombin The plant grows effectively on tropical humid with a concentrated diet were investigated with respect to dry matter and crude protein intakes ability, retention, feed efficiency and growth rate in and harsh conditions. 50 young female West African dwarf (Fouta djallon) goats in a 90% - day feeding trial. The rate, mean dry matter intake was significantly (P<0.05) different from one another with regard to different supplementation levels while the highest dry matter intake was exhibited by : the does fed with 25% browse plus 75% concentrate diet. The does on 75% browse plus concentrate diet indicated the best performance in terms of growth rate (106g/day) and feed efficiency (0.391). The highest crude protein intake (86.21g/day) and protein retention (57.18g/ W0.75kg) were induced by 50% of browse and 50% concentrate supplement. The protein requirement for maintenance in the does was 24,459/Wk0.75.

Download Full-text

Effect of breed type and ionophore supplementation on growth and carcass characteristic in feedlot hair lambs

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982010000300024 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 633-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jaime Salinas-Chavira ◽

Alfredo Lara-Juarez ◽

Abraham Gil-González ◽

Jorge Jimenez-Castro ◽

Ramón Garcia-Castillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Breed Type ◽

Daily Gain

The effects of supplementing feedlot diets with ionophores and breed type were assessed on growth rate and carcass characteristics in hair lambs. Twenty four intact males, 12 Pelibuey × Dorper (PDo) and 12 Pelibuey × Damara (PDa) lambs, 17.9 ± 3.7 kg initial weight, were housed in individual pens for a 60-d feeding trial. The lambs were assigned randomly into four diets: control without additives (C); 25 µg/g monensin (M); 28 µg/g salinomycin (S); 28 µg/g S for 20 d, and 25 µg/g M for the next 40 d (SM). Each diet was supplied to six lambs. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four diets and two breed types of hair lambs (PDo and PDa). All diets were formulated to contain 14% CP and 2.6 Mcal ME/kg dry matter. At the end of the feeding trial carcass images were recorded in the last intercostal space (12th and 13th ribs) using ultrasound equipment to measure the Longissimus dorsi muscle area and subcutaneous fat (SF). The average daily gain (ADG), daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus dorsi area were not affected by ionophore supplementation.. The Pelibuey × Dorper group tended to show better average daily gain than Pelibuey × Damara (262 g/d and 235 g/d, respectively). Daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio and subcutaneous fat were not affected by breed type. The Pelibuey × Dorper lambs had greater Longissimus dorsi area (16.74 cm²) than the Pelibuey × Damara (14.29 cm²) lambs. The growth rate was not influenced by the inclusion of ionophores. Pelibuey × Dorper lambs showed better average daily gain and carcass characteristics than Pelibuey × Damara lambs.

Download Full-text

The intake and utilization of urea-treated rice straw by sheep differing in body condition

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9891037 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 1037 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A Djajanegara ◽

PT Doyle

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Good Condition ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Passage Rate ◽

Digestion Rate ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Total Body ◽

Contrast Group

Prior to the experiment two groups of 10 sheep were fed to either gain (group F) or lose (group T) weight. At the beginning of the experiment group F sheep weighed on average 57.7 kg fleece-free liveweight (W) and had a total body fat (TBF) content of 154 kg, while group T sheep weighed 42.6 kg and had a TBF content of 9.7 kg. During the experiment all sheep were given a urea-treated rice straw-based diet ad libitum for 56 days with an intra-ruminal infusion of urea and sodium sulfate. Measurements were made of feed intake and digestibility and of the amounts and composition of digesta in the reticula-rumen (ReRu) and flowing through the abomasum.Group T sheep consumed more feed (dry matter intake 1 170 v. 1040 g day-1, 24.9 v. 19.1 g kg W-1) and spent more time chewing (16.5 v. 14.1 h day-1) than group F sheep. There were no differences in the digestibility of dietary constituents.Associated with the greater feed intakes by group T sheep were increased amounts of total digesta (8.59 v 7.67 kg) and of dry matter (DM) (1040 v. 960 g), organic matter (OM) (820 v. 750 g) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (690 v. 620 g) in the ReRu. Flows of total digesta (22.45 v. 18.64 kg day-1), DM (910 v. 800 g day-1), OM (600 v. 510 g day-1) and NDF (330 v. 270 g day-1) through the abomasum were also greater in group T sheep. However, there were no differences between treatments in the proportion of digestion which occurred in the ReRu, in the fractional digestion rate of NDF in the ReRu or in the fractional passage rate of NDF from the ReRu.Group T sheep generally maintained weight (-4 g day-1) throughout the experiment and their TBF only declined from 9.7 to 9.1 kg. In contrast, group F sheep lost weight at 74 g day-1 and TBF declined from 15.8 to 14.1 kg.It is concluded that removal of limitations of essential nutrients enabled sheep in poor condition to consume more of this straw-based diet than those in good condition.

Download Full-text

The effect of barley supplementation on the liveweight gains of autumn-born calves reared on whole or skimmed milk diets

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9730360 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 13 (63) ◽

pp. 360

Author(s):

J Clark ◽

JI Watts

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Bull Calves ◽

Whole Milk ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Skimmed Milk ◽

Four Levels

Forty, Friesian x Jersey bull calves were fed diets comprising factorial combinations of milk, either whole (4.0 per cent fat) or skimmed (0.1 per cent fat) milk, fed at the rate of 4.5 kg day-1 until the calves were ten weeks old, with crushed barley at four levels from two to 18 weeks of age. The four levels of barley were 0, 25, 50 and 75 per cent of the dry matter intake of the calves. The calves had access to hay ad libitum throughout the experiment. The restricted quantities of skimmed milk fed to the calves did not support rapid gains in liveweight, even when supplemented with high levels of barley. The addition of barley to the diet of the calves reared on whole milk produced no response in terms of growth rate (0.54 kg day-1). However, the calves reared on skimmed milk had greater growth rates when their diet contained 25 per cent barley than with no barley, 0.36 kg day-1 and 0.28 kg day-1 respectively. Further additions of barley did not produce additional responses in growth rate.

Download Full-text

Productivity of lactating Merino and crossbred ewes given oats supplemented with urea or lucerne chaff

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9830266 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 23 (122) ◽

pp. 266 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

RW Hodge ◽

B Bogdanovic ◽

C Kat

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Regression Equations

Lactating Merino ewes with single lambs were offered iso-nitrogenous diets of oats + 1 5% urea, or oats + 30% lucerne chaff (W/W air dry) at intakes ranging from 12 to 20 g digestible dry matter/kg liveweight. day (g DDM/kg. d). Crossbred ewes with twin lambs were given similar rations at two levels of intake (two or three x maintenance). Multiple regression equations indicated that the Merino ewes given oats + lucerne chaff at 14 g DDM/kg. d maintained the growth of their lambs at the same rate (171 g/d) as ewes given oats + urea at 18 g DDM/kg.d (1 69 g/d). Similarly, crossbred ewes given 1.0 kg DDM/d of oats +lucerne chaff maintained the growth rate of their lambs at only 17 g/d less (P>0. 05) than lambs raised by ewes given 1 .4 kg DDM/d of oats + urea. These differences were associated with the Merino and crossbred ewes given oats + lucerne chaff losing more liveweight than ewes given oats + urea at the same level of digestible dry matter intake/d.

Download Full-text

Supplementation of rice straw with dry leucaena

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9890381 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 381 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

PT Doyle

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Linear Relationships ◽

Voluntary Intake ◽

Dietary Treatments

The effects of supplementation with three levels (5, 10 and 15% of DM offered) of dry leucaena on the voluntary intake and digestion of rice straw by sheep were studied. These effects were compared with those of a supplement of urea and sulfate. In all cases, the rice straw was supplemented with minerals.Total dry matter intake (DMI) increased linearly with the level of leucaena, but there was no affect on intake of straw. Nor did supplementation with urea and sulfate affect straw intake. Neither of these supplements affected the apparent digestibility of organic matter (OM).There were significant linear relationships between DM1 and the amounts of total digesta or DM in the reticulo-rumen (RR). The amount of non-ammonia nitrogen (NAN) in the RR also increased with the amount of leucaena offered, as did the concentration of ammonia N in rumen fluid.While the flows of digesta constituents increased linearly with the amount of leucaena in the diet, there were no significant effects of dietary treatments on the fractional outflow rates of NDF from the RR. The fractional digestion rates of NDF in the RR were also not affected by supplementation. The intake of nitrogen, the amount of crude protein apparently digested in the intestines (DCPi) and apparent nitrogen retention all increased with the amount of leucaena given. In contrast, supplementationwith urea and sulfate increased N intake, but DCPi was not increased to the same extent as with leucaena. The proportion of NAN flowing through the abomasum which was of microbial origin was lower (0.66 v. 0.73) when 15% leucaena was in the diet than with straw alone or straw plus urea and sulfate.

Download Full-text