scholarly journals Analysis of pesticide residue in vegetables collected from nine different regions of Bangladesh using Gas Chromatography

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Md Sultan Ahmed ◽  
Afroza Begum ◽  
Mohammad Dalower Hossain Prodhan ◽  
Debasish Sarker
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Pesticide Residue ◽  
Residue Level ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Hyacinth Bean

The study was conducted to analyze the amount of residue of six commonly used pesticides (e.g. chlorpyriphos, quinalphos, diazinon, acephate, dimethoate and fenitrothion) in vegetables viz., hyacinth bean and eggplant samples collected from local market of nine different locations viz. Cumilla, Bogura, Rangpur, Rajshahi, Khagrachari, Cox’s bazaar, Barishal, Jamalpur and Dhaka for the comparison between the detected residue level with maximum residue limit (MRL) set by European Union. Among 36 analyzed samples of hyacinth bean six samples (16.67%) were contaminated with chlorpyriphos (0.082 mg/kg) and dimethoate residue (0.192 mg/kg - 0.961 mg/kg), all of them were above maximum residue limit. Out of 36 analyzed samples of eggplant 3 samples (8.33%) were contaminated with quinalphos (0.081mg/kg) and dimethoate residue (0.032 mg/kg - 0.217 mg/kg) which were above MRL. Most of the samples contained with dimethoate residue in both the vegetables. The presence of pesticide residue exceeding MRL in vegetables is harmful to human and other living organisms. Analyzed samples of Cumilla, Bogura, Rangpur and Rajshahi showed pesticide residue (i.e. dimethoate, chlorpyriphos and quinalphos) over MRL but the samples of other five locations like Cox’s bazar, Khagrachari, Barishal, Jamalpur and Dhaka did not show any detectable residue which might safe for consumption. Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2019, 3(1), 23-26

scholarly journals Determination of pre-harvest interval for dimethoate and quinalphos in selected vegetables

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Md Sultan Ahmed ◽  
Afroza Begum ◽  
Debasish Sarker
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Pesticide Residue ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Hyacinth Bean

The study was undertaken to determine the pre-harvest interval (PHI) for dimethoate and quinalphos in cauliflower, eggplant and hyacinth bean depending on Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) set by European Union. Six supervised field trials were conducted and sprayed with the recommended dose (2 ml/L of water) of each pesticide. Samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 days after spray (DAS). The collected samples were analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC) with Flame Thermionized Detector (FTD) for the determination of pesticide residue. The quantities of residue were above MRL up to 9 DAS for quinalphos in cauliflower, 7 DAS in hyacinth bean, 8 DAS in eggplant; 11 DAS for dimethoate in cauliflower, 10 DAS in hyacinth bean, and 9 DAS in eggplant. At 11 DAS, no residue was detected from any of the tested samples except dimethoate in cauliflower. The determined PHI for quinalphos was 10 DAS in cauliflower, 8 DAS in hyacinth bean and 9 DAS in eggplant. In case of dimethoate it was 12 DAS in cauliflower, 11 DAS in hyacinth bean and 10 DAS in eggplant. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (1), 42-47

scholarly journals Organophosphorus pesticide residues detected in eggplant and tomato samples collected from different regions of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Md Sultan Ahmed ◽  
Afroza Begum ◽  
Mohammad Dalower Hossain Prodhan ◽  
Marina Afroze ◽  
Debasish Sarker
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
Residue Level ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
The Eu

The study was conducted to detect and quantify the residue of seven commonly used organophosphorus pesticides (acephate, chlorpyrifos, quinalphos, diazinon, malathion, dimethoate and fenitrothion) in eggplant and tomato samples collected from local market of commercially grown four different regions viz. Bogura, Narsingdi, Jeshore and Cumilla for the comparison between the detected residue level with maximum residue limit (MRL) set by European Union. A total of 80 analyzed samples of eggplant and tomato, 21.25% of the total number of samples contaminated with acephate, chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion and diazinon residues which were above the EU-MRLs. Out of 40 analyzed samples of eggplant, 11 samples were contaminated with acephate, diazinon fenitrothion and chlorpyrifos residues. All of the contaminated samples (27.5% of the total number of samples) had chlorpyrifos (0.02-0.046), acephate (0.017-0-0.39), diazinon (0.11-0.47) and fenitrothion (0.20) residues which were above the EU-MRLs. The eggplant samples collected from Jeshore and Narsingdi received more pesticides than Cumilla and Bogura regions. In case of 40 analyzed samples of tomato, 6 samples (15% of the total number of samples) had chlorpyrifos (0.27-0.43), diazinon (0.25) and fenitrothion (0.10) residues which were above EU-MRLs. Malathion, quinalphos and dimethoate residues were not found in any of the tested samples which might be applied at recommended doses. Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2021, 5 (1), 27-31

scholarly journals Estimation of residue degradation of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in brinjal, tomato and cauliflower under supervised field trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Md Sultan Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Dalower Hossain Prodhan ◽  
Afroza Begum ◽  
Marina Afroze ◽  
Debasish Sarker
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Electron Capture Detector ◽  
Limit Set ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Knapsack Sprayer ◽  
Chlorpyrifos Residue

A study was carried out to detect and estimate the residue of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in brinjal, tomato and cauliflower using Gas Chromatography (GC) coupled with Electron Capture Detector (ECD) and Flame Thermionic Detector (FTD). Three supervised field trials were conducted and sprayed with the recommended dose of cypermethrin (1 ml/L of water) and chlorpyrifos (3 ml/L of water) in three vegetables by knapsack sprayer. Samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 days after spray (DAS). The quantity of cypermethrin residue was above EU-MRLs (Maximum Residue Limit set by European Union) up to 4 DAS with 0.538 mg/kg in cauliflower; 3 DAS with 0.508 mg/kg in brinjal and 0.695 mg/kg in tomato. The quantity decreased down 0.328-0.019 mg/kg in cauliflower (4-9 DAS); 0.098-0.012 mg/kg (4-7 DAS) in brinjal and 0.458-0.022 mg/kg (4-7 DAS) in tomato which were below EU-MRLs (0.5 mg/kg). The quantity of chlorpyrifos residue was above EU-MRLs up to 9 DAS with 0.012 mg/kg in cauliflower but in brinjal and tomato, the detected quantities were above EU-MRLs up to 7 DAS with 0.029 mg/kg and 0.017 mg/kg residue. No residue was detected from brinjal and tomato samples collected at 8 DAS. But in cauliflower, no residue was detected at 10 days after spray. So, brinjal, tomato and cauliflower can be harvested safely at 4 DAS and 5 DAS for cypermethrin and in case of chlorpyrifos it was 8 DAS in brinjal and tomato and 10 DAS in cauliflower. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2021, 6 (2), 60-67

scholarly journals Deltamethrin residues applied in different formulations in staked cucumber and the actions of insecticides on the pickleworm control

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto C de Baptista ◽  
Luiz Roberto P Trevizan ◽  
André A Franco ◽  
Renato A da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Residue Level ◽  
Concentrate Suspension ◽  
Evaluation Period ◽  
Emulsifiable Concentrate ◽  
Maximum Residue Level ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Sampling Times

Pesticide residues, especially in vegetables and fruits, are a reason for concern with respect to the health of consumers and workers that need to return to areas that have been treated with these agrochemicals. The objectives of this experiment were to (a) study the behavior of deltamethrin residues from different formulations on cucumber fruits; and (b) correlate insecticide contents in the fruits with pickleworm control. Treatments were as follows: (a) control; (b) three 30 mL applications of deltamethrin 25 EC 100 L-1 water (emulsifiable concentrate formulation); (c) three 7.5 mL applications of deltamethrin 100 EC 100 L-1 water (emulsifiable concentrate); and (d) three 3.75 mL applications of deltamethrin 200 CS 100 L-1 water (concentrate suspension). Samples were taken at (-1), zero, 1; 3; 5; 7, and 14 days after the last application. Residues were determined by the gas chromatography technique, using an electron capture detector. In order to evaluate insecticide effectiveness, six infestation surveys were conducted during the same sampling times. Although at low levels, the deltamethrin residues in the fruits were above the maximum residue level (MRL = 0.03 mg kg-1), even one day after the end of the safety interval (2 days), and were higher for the CS formulation. The insecticide was effective to control the pest during the entire evaluation period.

scholarly journals The Political Economy of Standards: Does MRLs Matter in Cottonseed and its Trade?

2017 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 177-196
Keyword(s):  
Cottonseed Oil ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Residue Level ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The Political ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Maximum Residue Level ◽  
Maximum Residue Limits ◽  
Regression Estimators ◽  
Crude Cottonseed Oil

In this paper, we introduce three indices of trade which are consequently applied to the case maximum residue level, MRLs of pesticide. The aggregation indices of NTM i.e Li and Beghin index of trade, Heterogeneous index of trade (HIT) and actual heterogeneous index of trade (AHIT) regulations to compute their protectionism relative to international standards. The application of indices to Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) affecting cottonseed and its by-product i.e crude cottonseed oil and refined cottonseed oil, using a science-based standards Codex Alimentarius. In this analysis, the main aim of the article is to show the response of the maximum residue limits (MRLs) adopted by 50 importing countries on exports of the cottonseed commodities for the year 2005 to 2014. In this study, we estimate the augmented gravity model using the ordinary least squares (OLS) and Poisson regression estimators. The results show that maximum residue limits (MRLs) have a trade increasing effect on exports of the cottonseed commodities.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Dissipation Behavior of Defoliants in Cotton Fiber during Field and Scouring Process Using Liquid and Gas Chromatography

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingbo Ma ◽  
Pirah Ayaz ◽  
Wanhui Jin ◽  
Munir Hussain ◽  
Wenlong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Applied Field ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Scouring Process ◽  
Applied Fields

Defoliants carried by cotton fiber could harm production workers and consumers through respiratory and dermal exposure. This study was carried out to evaluate the dissipation behavior of four commonly used defoliants tribufos, diuron, thidiazuron, and ethephon in cotton fiber during field stage and also in cotton scouring using liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Field trials showed that although all the defoliants dissipated fast, however, the fiber from the tribufos and ethephon applied field had considerable potential to exceed the maximum residue limit when the fiber was harvested at common intervals after application of defoliants. The defoliant residues could be removed completely from the defoliant-carrying cotton textiles during alkaline scouring. The results indicated that attention should be paid to the risk of occupational exposure to these defoliants rather than consumer exposure. Fiber harvest on the tribufos and ethephon applied fields is recommended after a 1-week delay in order to reduce the residues to an acceptable level.

Determination of Residual Imazethapyr in Soybeans by Gas Chromatography/Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detection

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D Mortimer ◽  
Dorcas F Weber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
The United States ◽  
Residue Level ◽  
Soybean Extract ◽  
Characteristic Fragmentation ◽  
Fragmentation Patterns ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Abstract Imazethapyr, a recently introduced imidazolinone herbicide, is registered for use on soybeans and other legumes in the United States and Canada. Its maximum allowed residue level in soybeans is 0.1 ppm. A method was developed to allow the measurement of ≥0.01 ppm imazethapyr on soybeans. The method exploits the ready cyclization of the nonvolatile acid to the volatile imidazoisoindol-3,5-dione by using an excess of easily removed, watersoluble carbodiimide and the selectivity of gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. A simple cleanup on a diol-bonded silica minicolumn reduces the complexity of the soybean extract. The derivatization works equally well for other imidazolinone herbicide acids. Because imidazoisoindolediones have characteristic fragmentation patterns, they are useful for mass spectroscopic confirmation of suspected residues.

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