scholarly journals Pattern of Non-Communicable Diseases among the Admitted Patients in a District Level Hospital of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
Md Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Anwarul Kabir ◽  
Maria Mehjabin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Non-communicable Diseases (NCD), particularly cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory disease, have emerged as the leading threat to mankind worldwide. Likewise in Bangladesh, an increasing trend of incidence of NCDs has been observed and already they have become major public health concern. Hence, we aimed to study the pattern of NCDs among the admitted patients at an Upazila Health Complex (UHC) in Bangladesh. Methods: In this retrospective study, data of in-hospital patients admitted from January 2018 to June 2018 in UHC, Chhagalnaiya, Feni was analyzed. Data on age, gender, occupation, hospital admission/discharge and diagnosis of disease was obtained from the hospital register. Diseases were categorized into NCD or communicable disease using the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding system. Results: 1,367 adult patients with different diseases were admitted into the medical ward over the study period of six months (mean age 57.4 ± 17.9 years; 61.3% male and 38.7% female). There were 904 cases of various NCDs constituting 66.1% of total admissions. The number of cases of NCDs was two times more compared to CDs (ratio 2:1). In all six months, admissions due to NCDs were significantly higher compared to communicable diseases CDs (p = 0.0001). Among the admissions due to NCDs, more than half (51.3%) were aged between 50 to 69 years. In terms of pattern of disease, cardiovascular diseases were the number one cause for hospital admission followed by endocrine disorders. Conclusion: This study found that the burden of NCDs has increased among the admitted patients in an UHC. These findings could be useful to draw the attention of health authorities to adopt preventive strategies against NCDs even at Upazila level. Bangladesh Heart Journal 2019; 34(2) : 118-121

‘I think one of the ways they will help is to create awareness’: primary school teachers’ perceptions of cardiovascular diseases in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Kingsley Udeh ◽  
Candidus Nwakasi ◽  
John Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

The increasing incidence and prevalence of non-communicable diseases is a major global health concern. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for the highest percentage of deaths related to non-communicable diseases, and low and middle-income countries (LMIC) face the highest burden of CVDs. Understanding the knowledge and perception of CVDs and their risk factors in an LMIC such as Nigeria may play an important role in cardiovascular health promotion and improvement plans to reduce CVD-related deaths. A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews to gain an in-depth understanding of some personal and sociocultural views on CVDs and their risk factors. The participants were purposively sampled primary school teachers in South-Eastern Nigeria. Thematic analysis approach was used for data analysis. The study findings include knowledge of heart disease, perceived causes and risk factors of CVDs, spirituality, and the way forward. Overall, the knowledge of CVDs in the setting was found to be related to the psychosocial nature of the participants; the effectiveness of any intervention needs to take these factors into consideration. For example, health policies for CVD health education and awareness should be tailored to address some of the issues of belief, values, and religion, as mentioned in the study.

scholarly journals Do Old Age and Comorbidity via Non-Communicable Diseases Matter for COVID-19 Mortality? A Path Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gour Gobinda Goswami ◽  
Mausumi Mahapatro ◽  
A. R. M. Mehrab Ali ◽  
Raisa Rahman
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

This paper used Our World data for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) death count, test data, stringency, and transmission count and prepared a path model for COVID-19 deaths. We augmented the model with age structure-related variables and comorbidity via non-communicable diseases for 117 countries of the world for September 23, 2021, on a cross-section basis. A broad-based global quantitative study incorporating these two prominent channels with regional variation was unavailable in the existing literature. Old age and comorbidity were identified as two prime determinants of COVID-19 mortality. The path model showed that after controlling for these factors, one SD increase in the proportion of persons above 65, above 70, or of median age raised COVID-19 mortality by more than 0.12 SDs for 117 countries. The regional intensity of death is alarmingly high in South America, Europe, and North America compared with Oceania. After controlling for regions, the figure was raised to 0.213, which was even higher. For old age, the incremental coefficient was the highest for South America (0.564), and Europe (0.314), which were substantially higher than in Oceania. The comorbidity channel via non-communicable diseases illustrated that one SD increase in non-communicable disease intensity increased COVID-19 mortality by 0.132 for the whole sample. The regional figure for the non-communicable disease was 0.594 for South America and 0.358 for Europe compared with the benchmark region Oceania. The results were statistically significant at a 10% level of significance or above. This suggested that we should prioritize vaccinations for the elderly and people with comorbidity via non-communicable diseases like heart disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes. Further attention should be given to South America and Europe, which are the worst affected regions of the world.

scholarly journals Analisis Tingkat Pemahaman Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Tentang Pentingnya Minum Air Putih Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit Gagal Ginjal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabiila Rifdaturrohiidah
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Non-communicable diseases begin to become special concern in the world health sector. Increased deaths cases due to non-communicable disease caused world health sector payying attention to non-communicable disease. Kidney failure is one of the non-communicable diseases that causes many deaths. Kidney failure does not occur instanly, this cases occur gradually. Kidney failure can occur at any age. Even adult people can also get kidney failure if they do not adopt a healthy lifestyle. Many factors can cause a person to get kidney failure. Lack of body fluid intake is one of the risk factors for kidney failure. The habit of drinking water in adolescents who are not good will aggravate the work of the kidneys so that in a long time it will cause damage to the kidneys. Each person needs at least two liters of water or about eight glasses of water to complete inteke of human bodies.

Towards a Middleware Based on SOA for Ubiquitous Care of Non-Communicable Diseases

2017 ◽  
pp. 305-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Damasceno Vianna ◽  
Fábio Pittoli ◽  
Emerson Butzen Marques ◽  
Jorge Luis Victoria Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Health Organization

According to World Health Organization, the treatment of non-communicable diseases needs more than patient engagement to help control the diseases. Community and health organizations support is also desirable for controlling them. This work details the UDuctor middleware, which was designed for supporting ubiquitous non-communicable disease care, and so, helping the integration between patient and community resources. The UDuctor middleware gives a step forward in relation to other architectures for ubiquitous applications by integrating patients, community resources and community members through a peer-to-peer network. Each peer runs a RESTFul based middleware, which enables messaging, resource sharing, context subscription and notification, and location between other UDuctor peers. The middleware implementation was employed in two solutions and tested in three experiments. The results are promising and show feasibility for the application of the middleware in real life situations.

Global Health Governance and the Challenge of Chronic, Non-Communicable Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger S. Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan

Judging by their contribution to the global burden of death and disability, chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the most serious health challenge facing the world today. The statistics tell a frightening story. Over 35 million people died from chronic diseases in 2005 — principally cardiovascular disease, cancer, and chronic respiratory disease. Driven by population growth and population ageing, deaths from non-communicable diseases are expected to increase by 17% over the period 2005-2015, accounting for 69% of global deaths by 2030.Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in all regions except sub-Saharan Africa, is estimated to rise from 17.1 million deaths (2004) to 23.4 million deaths (2030). Cancer deaths will increase from 7.4 million to 11.8 million over the same period. Due to population growth, mergers and acquisitions, and the marketing of global cigarette brands in developing countries, deaths from tobacco will rise from 5.4 million per year (2005), through 6.4 million (2015), to 8.3 million by 2030. These figures include a doubling in tobacco deaths in low- and middle-income countries from 3.4 million to 6.8 million lives annually. By 2015, smoking will cause 50% more deaths than HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Patterns and trends of hospital mortality due to non-communicable diseases and injuries in Tanzania: a 10- year retrospective analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard E.G. Mboera ◽  
Coleman Kishamawe ◽  
Susan F. Rumisha ◽  
Mercy G. Chiduo ◽  
Evord Kimario
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: Globally, non-communicable diseases (NCD) kill about 40 million people annually, with about three-quarters of the deaths occurring in low and middle-income countries. This study was carried out to determine the patterns, trends, and causes of non-communicable disease mortality in hospitals of Tanzania from 2006-2015.Methods: This retrospective study involved primary, secondary, tertiary, and specialized hospitals in Tanzania. Death statistics were extracted from inpatient department registers, death registers, and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) report forms. Variables collected were deceased’s age, sex, cause and date of death. The ICD-10 coding system was used to assign each death to its underlying cause. Data were analysed using STATA version 14. Results: A total of 247,976 deaths were reported during the 10 years (2006–2015) in 39 hospitals. Of the total deaths, 67,711 (27.3%) were due to non-communicable diseases (NCD) and injuries. Cardio-circulatory diseases (31.9%), cancers (18.6%), chronic respiratory diseases (18.4%), and injuries (17.9%) accounted for the largest proportion (86.8%) of deaths due to NCDs. The majority (57.6%) of deaths due to NCD occurred among males. Overall, the total deaths from NCDs increased by 153.3% from 4,298 in 2006 to 10,886 in 2015. The age group 15-59 years (53.4%) was the most affected category. The overall 10-year annual age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for all NCDs and injuries was 235.2 per 100,0000 population. It was higher for males (287.2/100,000) than for females (186.7/100,000). The annual ASMR increased from 11.9 in 2006 to 36.5 per 100,000 populations in 2015. Most of the NCD deaths occurred in the secondary (40.0%) and primary level hospitals (27.8%). There were variations in the type of non-communicable diseases by geographical distributions. Conclusions: There was a substantial increase in ASMR due to NCDs and injuries in Tanzania from 2006 to 2015. Most of the deaths due to NCD and injuries affected the productive young adult group and males. The burden caused by NCD in the most productive ages means that families, communities, and the nation at large suffer from premature deaths. The government of Tanzania must invest in early detection and timely treatment of NCDs to reduce premature deaths.

scholarly journals Identifying and Describing Impact of Disasters on Non-Communicable Diseases: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Ghazanchaei ◽  
Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh ◽  
Javad Aghazadeh-Attari ◽  
Iraj Mohebbi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Impact

Background: Patients with non-communicable diseases are vulnerable to disasters. This is a systematic review describing the impact of disasters on non-communicable diseases. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA standards. Relevant articles published from 1997 to 2019 collected by searching the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, databases. We specifically examined reports describing NCDs and including the key words “non-communicable disease and Disasters”. NCDs included cardiovascular, respiratory, diabetes, cancer and mental health diseases. Results: Of the 663 studies identified, only 48 articles met all the eligibility criteria. Most studies have shown the impact of all natural disasters on non-communicable diseases (39.8% n=19). The largest study was the effect of earthquakes on non-communicable diseases (29.2% n=14). For the NCDs targeted by this research, most of the included studies were a combination of four diseases: cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, diabetes and cancer (44% n=21). Followed by cardiovascular disease (14.6% n=7), chronic respiratory disease (12.5% n=6), diabetes and cancer (6.2% n=3) and mental health (12.5% n=6). Conclusion: The incidence of disasters affects the management of treatment and care for patients with NCDs. Specific measures include a multi-part approach to ensuring that patients with non-communicable diseases have access to life-saving services during and after disasters. The approach of the health system should be expanded from traditional approaches to disasters and requires comprehensive planning of health care by policy makers and health professionals to develop effective strategies to enable patients to access medical, therapeutic and diagnostic services in natural disasters.

scholarly journals Trends in mortality due to non-communicable diseases in the Brazilian adult population: national and subnational estimates and projections for 2030

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Bruce Bartholow Duncan ◽  
Maria Inês Schmidt ◽  
Renato Teixeira ◽  
Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Background Monitoring and reducing premature mortality due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a global priority of Agenda 2030. This study aimed to describe the mortality trends and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to NCDs between 1990 and 2017 for Brazil and to project those for 2030 as well as the risk factors (RFs) attributed deaths according to estimates of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Methods We analyzed cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, neoplasms, and diabetes, and compared the mortality rates in 1990 and 2017 for all of Brazil and states. The study used the definition of premature mortality (30–69 years) that is used by the World Health Organization. The number of deaths, mortality rates, DALYs, and years of life lost (YLL) were used to compare 1990 and 2017. We analyzed the YLL for NCDs attributable to RFs. Results There was a reduction of 35.3% from 509.1 deaths/100,000 inhabitants (1990) to 329.6 deaths/100,000 inhabitants due to NCDs in 2017. The DALY rate decreased by 33.6%, and the YLL rate decreased by 36.0%. There were reductions in NCDs rates in all 27 states. The main RFs related to premature deaths by NCDs in 2017 among women were high body mass index (BMI), dietary risks, high systolic blood pressure, and among men, dietary risks, high systolic blood pressure, tobacco, and high BMI. Trends in mortality rates due to NCDs declined during the study period; however, after 2015, the curve reversed, and rates fluctuated and tended to increase. Conclusion Our findings highlighted a decline in premature mortality rates from NCDs nationwide and in all states. There was a greater reduction in deaths from cardiovascular diseases, followed by respiratory diseases, and we observed a minor reduction for those from diabetes and neoplasms. The observed fluctuations in mortality rates over the last 3 years indicate that if no further action is taken, we may not achieve the NCD Sustainable Development Goals. These findings draw attention to the consequences of austerity measures in a socially unequal setting with great regional disparities in which the majority of the population is dependent on state social policies.

scholarly journals Integrated prevention and management of non-communicable diseases, including musculoskeletal health: a systematic policy analysis among OECD countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. e001806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M Briggs ◽  
Jennifer G Persaud ◽  
Marie L Deverell ◽  
Samantha Bunzli ◽  
Brigitte Tampin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Musculoskeletal Health ◽  
Member States ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

IntroductionDevelopment and implementation of appropriate health policy is essential to address the rising global burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate existing health policies for integrated prevention/management of NCDs among Member States of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). We sought to describe policies’ aims and strategies to achieve those aims, and evaluate extent of integration of musculoskeletal conditions as a leading cause of global morbidity.MethodsPolicies submitted by OECD Member States in response to a World Health Organization (WHO) NCD Capacity Survey were extracted from the WHO document clearing-house and analysed following a standard protocol. Policies were eligible for inclusion when they described an integrated approach to prevention/management of NCDs. Internal validity was evaluated using a standard instrument (sum score: 0–14; higher scores indicate better quality). Quantitative data were expressed as frequencies, while text data were content-analysed and meta-synthesised using standardised methods.ResultsAfter removal of duplicates and screening, 44 policies from 30 OECD Member States were included. Three key themes emerged to describe the general aims of included policies: system strengthening approaches; improved service delivery; and better population health. Whereas the policies of most countries covered cancer (83.3%), cardiovascular disease (76.6%), diabetes/endocrine disorders (76.6%), respiratory conditions (63.3%) and mental health conditions (63.3%), only half the countries included musculoskeletal health and pain (50.0%) as explicit foci. General strategies were outlined in 42 (95.5%) policies—all were relevant to musculoskeletal health in 12 policies, some relevant in 27 policies and none relevant in three policies. Three key themes described the strategies: general principles for people-centred NCD prevention/management; enhanced service delivery; and system strengthening approaches. Internal validity sum scores ranged from 0 to 13; mean: 7.6 (95% CI 6.5 to 8.7).ConclusionRelative to other NCDs, musculoskeletal health did not feature as prominently, although many general prevention/management strategies were relevant to musculoskeletal health improvement.

scholarly journals Smoking and Non-Communicable Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Nigeria Scenario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abayomi Ayodapo ◽  
Babalola Ibisola
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Sub Saharan

Smoking remains a strong factor in the emergence of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) and it contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes mellitus and chronic respiratory disease which are the four leading NCDs worldwide. Non-Communicable Diseases has been implicated in about two thirds of the global premature deaths. However despite the strong evidence of link of smoking to NCDs, the prevalence of smoking is still high among the youths and adults, with an attendant adverse health effects. Nigeria, though a signatory to WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) of 2005, and its recent domestication in National Tobacco Act of 2015, effective operationalization and implementation is still a mirage.

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