scholarly journals Trends in mortality due to non-communicable diseases in the Brazilian adult population: national and subnational estimates and projections for 2030

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Bruce Bartholow Duncan ◽  
Maria Inês Schmidt ◽  
Renato Teixeira ◽  
Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Background Monitoring and reducing premature mortality due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a global priority of Agenda 2030. This study aimed to describe the mortality trends and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to NCDs between 1990 and 2017 for Brazil and to project those for 2030 as well as the risk factors (RFs) attributed deaths according to estimates of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Methods We analyzed cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, neoplasms, and diabetes, and compared the mortality rates in 1990 and 2017 for all of Brazil and states. The study used the definition of premature mortality (30–69 years) that is used by the World Health Organization. The number of deaths, mortality rates, DALYs, and years of life lost (YLL) were used to compare 1990 and 2017. We analyzed the YLL for NCDs attributable to RFs. Results There was a reduction of 35.3% from 509.1 deaths/100,000 inhabitants (1990) to 329.6 deaths/100,000 inhabitants due to NCDs in 2017. The DALY rate decreased by 33.6%, and the YLL rate decreased by 36.0%. There were reductions in NCDs rates in all 27 states. The main RFs related to premature deaths by NCDs in 2017 among women were high body mass index (BMI), dietary risks, high systolic blood pressure, and among men, dietary risks, high systolic blood pressure, tobacco, and high BMI. Trends in mortality rates due to NCDs declined during the study period; however, after 2015, the curve reversed, and rates fluctuated and tended to increase. Conclusion Our findings highlighted a decline in premature mortality rates from NCDs nationwide and in all states. There was a greater reduction in deaths from cardiovascular diseases, followed by respiratory diseases, and we observed a minor reduction for those from diabetes and neoplasms. The observed fluctuations in mortality rates over the last 3 years indicate that if no further action is taken, we may not achieve the NCD Sustainable Development Goals. These findings draw attention to the consequences of austerity measures in a socially unequal setting with great regional disparities in which the majority of the population is dependent on state social policies.

scholarly journals Mortality due to chronic non-communicable diseases: Scenario of Parnaíba – Piauí

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
Vanessa Cristina de Castro Aragão Oliveira ◽  
Amanda Faria Rangel ◽  
Estéfane Costa Silva Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Whole Number ◽  
The City

Introduction: Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a huge obstacle to global health. In addition to causing economic impact on families and communities, they also cause many premature deaths, cause great restrictions and loss of quality of life. Objective: To portray the mortality profile due to chronic non-communicable diseases in the city of Parnaíba (PI) from 2016 to 2019. Methods: This is an ecological design of time series, with data collected from the Mortality Information System (SIM) of the Ministry of Health, between August and January 2020. Data that presented information from other municipalities were excluded. For data collection, version 3.6b of TABWIN, a program provided by DATASUS, was used. Data analysis was performed through the use of descriptive statistical analyses, including the whole number and percentage for non-communicable chronic diseases. Results and Discussion: Mortality rates, in the period from 2016 to 2019, due to NCDs present a high percentage of deaths for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), totaling 52.51%, followed by neoplasms (25.31%), diabetes mellitus (12.75%) and respiratory diseases, responsible for 9.43% of deaths. Conclusion: The study allowed the identification of a conformity of mortality rates between females and males, being higher in men in general, in the period studied, and that deaths from cardiovascular diseases total more than half of deaths from NCDs in the municipality of Parnaíba.

Trends in mortality due to noncommunicable diseases in Brazil and the sustainable development targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Carvalho Malta ◽  
M S Felisbino-Mendes ◽  
R Teixeira ◽  
ÍE Machado ◽  
B B Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure

Abstract Background Monitoring premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is a global priority, as part of the Agenda 2030. Objective The current study aims to describe the mortality trends and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to NCDs between 1990 and 2017 for Brazil and states, projections for 2030. Methods We analyzed the following NCDs: cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, neoplasms, diabetes mellitus, comparing deaths and mortality rates between 1990 and 2017, for Brazil and states. The study used the concept of premature mortality used by the World Health Organization (30 to 69 years). The absolute number of deaths, mortality rates, DALYs, years of life lost (YLL), were used, comparing 1990 and 2017. We also analyzed the premature death fraction (YLL) for NCDs attributable to risk factors. Results There was a reduction of 35,3% from 509.1 deaths/100,000 inhabitants (1990) to 329.6 deaths/100,000 inhabitants due to NCD in 2017. DALYs rate decreased by 33.6% and the YLL rate by 36.0% in the same period. There was a reduction in the NCD rates in all 27 states. The main risk factors related to premature deaths by NCDs in 2017 among women were - high body mass index, diet risks, high systolic blood pressure, tobacco, and among men, diet risks, high systolic blood pressure, tobacco, high body mass index. Trends in mortality rates due to NCDs were declining in the period, however, after 2015, the curve reversed and fluctuation and tendency to increase rates were observed. Conclusions Trends of mortality rates by NCD were declining in the period, however, after 2015, the curve was inverted and the fluctuation and trend of increasing rates was observed, which can compromise the SDG goals in 2030. Key messages The austerity policies adopted and the economic crisis in Brazil after 2015, resulted in increased poverty and worsening NCD mortality indicators. With the NCD indicators worsening in 2015, SDG targets may not be achieved.

Non-Communicable Diseases and Global Health Politics

2019 ◽  
pp. 626-659
Author(s):  
Roger Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Response ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes, are responsible for around 70 percent of global deaths each year. This chapter describes how NCDs have become prevalent and critically evaluates global efforts to address NCDs and their risk factors, with a particular focus on the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations (UN) system. It explores the factors that have prevented those addressing NCDs from achieving access to resources and a priority commensurate with their impact on people’s lives. The chapter evaluates the global response to NCDs both prior to and since the UN High-Level Meeting on Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases, held in 2011, and considers opportunities for strengthening that response in future.

scholarly journals Experience of a health day at the university of Namibia: A community service

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
J.M. Kloppers ◽  
L.N. Nelumbu ◽  
T. Nauiseb ◽  
P. Angula. M.B. Tibinyane ◽  
N.G. Sumpi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Health Education ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The People

<p>The School of Nursing and Public Health conducted an annual health day at the main campus in Windhoek. The clinic on campus was not operational, at this time. This service is much appreciated by students and staff. The Community Health Nursing lecturers and second year diploma students participated in the Health day. The services that were rendered included blood pressure; weight and height and body mass index; blood-glucose test; eye test; neck massage. Health education on HIV/AIDS and cancer prevention was given to those who took part. The health day targeted non-communicable diseases (NCD) in order to promote prevention strategies. NCD is a medical condition or disease that can be defined as non-infectious and non-transmissible among people. It is further described as chronic diseases which last for long periods of time and progress slowly. Sometimes, NCDs result in rapid deaths as seen in certain types of diseases such as autoimmune diseases, heart diseases, stroke, most cancers, asthma, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, osteoporosis, Alzheimer's disease, cataracts, and many more (World Health Organization (WHO).</p><p><strong>Aim:</strong> The health day was done to promote and to provide necessary information and to raise awareness to students and staff on their health and on how to prevent non –communicable diseases.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> No actual research was done.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Data analysis was done based on the findings from the users of the service. The total number of the people who used the blood pressure service were 161. Of which 38 were found to have high blood pressure while 10 were found with low blood pressure and were advised to visit the hospital or clinic and 113 had normal blood pressure. Many people, who were detected with high blood pressure, or hypertension, had no idea of having it. The people who came for weight were 130 out of which 63 had normal weight, 32 were overweight, 16 were obese, and 15 were underweight. Health education was given on nutrition, specifically on balance diet. 20 people were found with high blood-glucose level ranging between 7-21.8 mml. Total number of people who attend eye test were 63 of which 4 had poor vision and were referred to eye clinic. Neck massage attracted many people, and they enjoyed it.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of health day indicated the need of such services in order to detect abnormalities and to improve the knowledge and understanding of the community members on non-communicable diseases and how to prevent them.</p>

scholarly journals Non-Communicable Diseases-Related Stigma: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6657
Author(s):  
Sarju Sing Rai ◽  
Elena V. Syurina ◽  
Ruth M. H. Peters ◽  
Annisa Ika Putri ◽  
Marjolein B. M. Zweekhorst
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Health Related

This systematic review examines and consolidates existing evidence on stigma associated with the top four non-communicable diseases (NCDs)—cancers, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes—and its impact on the lives of people affected. We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, PsycINFO, JSTOR, Science Direct, and Web of Science for original research in English that explored health-related stigma among people living with either of the four NCDs. A three-step integrative synthesis of data was conducted. Twenty-six articles (qualitative = 15; quantitative = 11) were selected, with most (n = 15) related to cancers, followed by diabetes (n = 7), chronic respiratory diseases (n = 3), and cardiovascular diseases (n = 1). Blame, shame, and fear were the main causes of stigma, the origin and nature of which differed according to the disease-specific features. The manifestations (enacted and felt stigma) and consequences (social, behavioral, psychological, and medical) of stigma across NCDs were similar. Inconsistencies existed in the conceptualization of stigma processes. To fill this gap, we developed an NCD-related stigma framework. People living with NCDs can experience stigma, which can negatively impact their health, management of their disease, and quality of life. The new framework can help in improving the understanding of the processes and experiences of stigma related to NCDs.

scholarly journals Pattern of Non-Communicable Diseases among the Admitted Patients in a District Level Hospital of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
Md Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Anwarul Kabir ◽  
Maria Mehjabin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Non-communicable Diseases (NCD), particularly cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory disease, have emerged as the leading threat to mankind worldwide. Likewise in Bangladesh, an increasing trend of incidence of NCDs has been observed and already they have become major public health concern. Hence, we aimed to study the pattern of NCDs among the admitted patients at an Upazila Health Complex (UHC) in Bangladesh. Methods: In this retrospective study, data of in-hospital patients admitted from January 2018 to June 2018 in UHC, Chhagalnaiya, Feni was analyzed. Data on age, gender, occupation, hospital admission/discharge and diagnosis of disease was obtained from the hospital register. Diseases were categorized into NCD or communicable disease using the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding system. Results: 1,367 adult patients with different diseases were admitted into the medical ward over the study period of six months (mean age 57.4 ± 17.9 years; 61.3% male and 38.7% female). There were 904 cases of various NCDs constituting 66.1% of total admissions. The number of cases of NCDs was two times more compared to CDs (ratio 2:1). In all six months, admissions due to NCDs were significantly higher compared to communicable diseases CDs (p = 0.0001). Among the admissions due to NCDs, more than half (51.3%) were aged between 50 to 69 years. In terms of pattern of disease, cardiovascular diseases were the number one cause for hospital admission followed by endocrine disorders. Conclusion: This study found that the burden of NCDs has increased among the admitted patients in an UHC. These findings could be useful to draw the attention of health authorities to adopt preventive strategies against NCDs even at Upazila level. Bangladesh Heart Journal 2019; 34(2) : 118-121

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF BENSO’S RELAXATION TECHNIQUE IN DECREASING THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF HYPERTENSION PATIENTS AT INTEGRATED COACHING POST FOR NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN LINGGAJATI VILLAGE, KUNINGAN DISTRICK

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Ating Sutanti ◽  
Jaenudin ◽  
H.Sodikin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Relaxation Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

In Kuningan District hypertension patients in puskesmas entered diurutan to 5 patterns of disease all age groups (Profile Kab.Kuningan 2016) .The purpose in this research is to identify the influence of Benson’s Relaxation technique in decreasing the blood pressure of hypertension patiens. This research uses quasi experimental design with one group pretest-posttest design model. The sample technique in this study used total sampling which amounted to 32 respondents, research instrument using aneroid spyghmomanometer and stethoscope, data collection using observation. Data analysis using Normality test and paired sample t test. Research location at at integrated coaching post for non-communicable diseases in Linggajati Village, Kuningan District  in June-July 2018. The results showed that the mean systolic blood pressure before and after the Benson relaxation technique was 163,12mmHgbecome 150,47 mmHg, mean diastolic blood pressure before and after relaxation technique Benson was93,28 mmHgbecome 87.19mmHg. The mean systolic blood pressure fell 12.66 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure was 6.09 mmHg. Value p value 0,000. The conclusion of this research isthe influence of Benson’s Relaxation technique in decreasing the blood pressure of hypertension patiens at integrated coaching post for non-communicable diseases in Linggajati Village, Kuningan District with significance p value 0,000 (<0,005). For people with hypertension is expected to use Benson relaxation techniques to maintain blood pressure stability so as to reduce the use of pharmacological therapy.

scholarly journals The burden of non-communicable diseases in relation to economic status of countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1967-1974
Author(s):  
Ruqiya Pervaiz ◽  
Özlem Ercantan
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
National Human ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and national human development index (HDI) of a country, as well as investigate the correlation between premature mortality from NCDs and national HDI. Method: Data for age-standardized mortality rate (ASRM) of NCDs and premature mortality (before age 70 years) in percentage for total NCDs in 2015 were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO) databases. National HDI data for the year 2015 were obtained from the 2015 Human Development Report. Linear regression model was used for assessment of correlation between HDI and mortality. One-way ANOVA was used to test the difference in mean mortality of various HDI group countries; P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results suggested an inverse correlation between HDI and ASRM for both men and women. The negative relation was also reported for percentage premature mortality and HDI. Tukey post hoc test (p < 0.001) indicated that countries with very high HDI have low ASRM and premature mortality (compared to those with high HDI and so on). The greatest mortality was observed in low HDI countries. Conclusion: Management of non-communicable diseases is one of the greatest challenges for low and middle HDI countries. In order to control the disease burden, governments should pay serious attention to their economic development.

scholarly journals The changing patterns of Non-communicable diseases and injuries in Nepal from 1990-2017: A review of evidence from Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Raj Mishra ◽  
Nipun Shrestha ◽  
Bishal Gyawali ◽  
Abhinav Vaidya ◽  
Dan Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth

Abstract Background Nepal has made significant strides towards its commitment to achieve universal health coverage in the past few decades. However, the paucity of evidence on morbidity, mortality and trends in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has posed a significant hindrance in targeting resources for prevention, screening and treatment services. Thus, we conducted a systematic review of the existing evidence on the distribution of NCDs and their trends in Nepal from 1990 to 2017.Methods We analysed data on disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability, years of life lost due to NCDs in Nepal and its comparator countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) from 1990 to 2017 using all available data sources from Global Burden of Disease 2017. We also conducted supplemental analysis using data from the 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) to further elucidate the provincial level prevalence of key NCD risk factors.Results The result showed that between 1990 and 2017, life expectancy at birth increased by 14 years, from 58 years to 71 years on an average in Nepal. The three leading causes of DALYs in 2017 were cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), maternal and neonatal disorders and chronic respiratory diseases. High systolic blood pressure, smoking and high fasting plasma glucose were leading contributors to the NCD DALYs burden in 2017. At any ages ≥ 40 years, NCDs and injuries were responsible for 75–82% of total DALYs. Injuries, self-harm and violence, mental, neurological and musculoskeletal disorders superseded CVDs to become the leading causes of DALYs in young population aged 15–35 years.Conclusions CVDs were the leading causes of death in 2017 followed by chronic respiratory diseases and cancers. Data such as these are an important tool for framing a coherent policy response towards achieving the sustainable development goals, and the targets set by Nepal’s first Multi-sectoral Action plan on NCDs (2014–2020).

An egalitarian society? Widening inequalities in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases in Australia, 2006-16

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Adair ◽  
Alan D Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Geographical Inequalities ◽  
Life Expectancy Increase

Abstract Background The recent slowdown in life expectancy increase in Australia has occurred concurrently with widening socioeconomic and geographical inequalities in all-cause mortality risk. We analysed whether, and to what extent, mortality inequalities among specific non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Australia at ages 35–74 years widened during 2006–16. Methods Registered deaths that occurred during 2006–16 in Australia were analysed. Inequalities were measured by area socioeconomic quintile [ranging from Q1 (lowest) to Q5 (highest)] and remoteness (major cities, inner regional, outer regional/remote/very remote). Age-standardized death rates (ASDR) for 35–74 years were calculated and smoothed over time. Results NCD mortality inequalities by area socioeconomic quintile widened; the ratio of Q1 to Q5 ASDR for males increased from 1.96 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.91–2.01] in 2011 to 2.08 (2.03–2.13) in 2016, and for females from 1.78 (1.73–1.84) to 1.96 (1.90–2.02). Moreover, Q1 NCD ASDRs did not clearly decline from 2011 to 2016. CVD mortality inequalities were wider than for all NCDs. There were particularly large increases in smoking-related mortality inequalities. In 2016, mortality inequalities were especially high for chronic respiratory diseases, alcohol-related causes and diabetes. NCD mortality rates outside major cities were higher than within major cities, and these differences widened during 2006–16. Higher mortality rates in inner regional areas than in major cities were explained by socioeconomic factors. Conclusions Widening of inequalities in premature mortality rates is a major public health issue in Australia in the context of slowing mortality decline. Inequalities are partly explained by major risk factors for CVDs and NCDs: being overweight or obese, lack of exercise, poor diet and smoking. There is a need for urgent policy responses that consider socioeconomic disadvantage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document