scholarly journals Effect of supplementation of micronutrients of the performance of dairy cows

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
MM Sharmin ◽  
MA Samad Khan ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Conventional Diet ◽  
Mineral Mixture ◽  
Group Control Group ◽  
Protein Milk ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of micronutrients supplementation on body weight of cows, birth weight of calf, colostrums composition, milk yield and milk composition. Six animals were divided in to two groups viz. control and supplemented group. Control group was provided conventional diet and supplemented group was supplied conventional diet plus vitamin-mineral mixture (1g vitamix powder/1kg concentrate feed) respectively for two months before calving. In supplemented group the average daily gain of the cows was (49.17 g/d) higher (P<0.01) and the calves were 2 kg heavier in supplemented group compared to control group. Fat content and protein content of colostrum in supplemented group were also significantly higher (P<0.01 and 0.05). The milk yield, fat and protein values of milk were increased non-significantly by 1.03 kg/d/h, 2.8 g/kg and 0.3 g/kg respectively. Ca content of milk was more or less similar in both cases. Key words: Milk; Milk protein; Milk fat; Micronutrients; Supplementation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v39i1-2.9688 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2010, 39(1&2): 151-155

scholarly journals THE PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY AND FEEDLOT CATTLE FED SULFUR DIOXIDE-TREATED HIGH-MOISTURE BARLEY

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. GIBSON ◽  
J. J. KENNELLY ◽  
G. W. MATHISON
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

Two experiments were conducted to determine the influence of feeding sulfur dioxide (SO2)-treated high-moisture barley (HMB) on the performance of lactating dairy cows and feedlot cattle. High-moisture barley was ensiled or treated with 1% (wt/wt) liquid SO2. In exp. 1, 36 lactating Holstein cows were assigned to three treatments for a 6-wk trial. Diets contained 35% rolled barley on a dry matter (DM) basis and differed only in the type of barley fed: dry barley, ensiled HMB or SO2-treated HMB. While no differences (P > 0.05) were observed in DM intake, milk yield, milk composition, milk taste or odour, cows fed SO2-treated HMB tended to have lower milk yield (21.7 kg d−1) than those fed ensiled (22.6 kg d−1) or dry barley (24.6 kg d−1). In experiment 2, 64 steers were allotted to four dietary treatments: (1) dry barley, (2) ensiled HMB, (3) SO2-treated HMB, and (4) SO2-treated HMB plus sodium bicarbonate. All diets contained 85% barley (DM) and were supplemented with thiamin (5.5 mg kg−1 DM). The results of the feedlot trial were confounded by the feeding of spoiled SO2-treated HMB, primarily between days 29 and 57 of the 96-d trial, at approximately 40% of the diet DM. During the period that spoiled SO2-treated grain was being fed, four steers (two from each treatment) developed polioencephalomalacia. Steers fed SO2-treated HMB (diets 3 and 4), had 10.1% lower DM intake (P < 0.01), 31% lower average daily gain and required 32% more DM per kilogram of gain than steers fed diets 1 or 2 (P < 0.001). Feeding SO2-treated HMB to either dairy or feedlot cattle cannot be recommended at the present time. Key words: Sulfur dioxide, preservative, barley, cattle (dairy, beef)

scholarly journals MILK PRODUCTION IN RANGE BEEF COWS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO CALF GAINS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Gleddie ◽  
R. T. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Milk Solid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Daily Gain

Milk yield in lactating range beef cows was estimated by milking 42 cows four times at approximately monthly intervals during the lactation. Milking was by machine after oxytocin injection. Weights of calves, before and after suckling, over a 24-hour period were used to estimate calf consumption. Breed-age group averages for 24-hour milk yield varied from 3.7 to 8.4 kg, with an overall average of 6.4 kg. Breed of cow accounted for 82.5% of the variance in milk yield in these data. Milk yield declined on the average by 0.02 kg per day of lactation. The correlation between calf consumption and milk yield was 0.58. Butterfat was 3.9% on the average, protein 3.5%, solids-not-fat 9.1% and total solids 13.0%. Breed-age group or month of test did not significantly influence milk constituent percentages, although butterfat and total solids tended to rise as lactation progressed.A good estimate of milk yield was obtained by one test milking. Milk composition based on one test milking was not reliable. Milk yield as estimated in any month was highly related to calf average daily gain from birth to weaning. Use of two test milkings improved the relationship only slightly. Milk solid component percentages showed little relationship to calf gains.

scholarly journals Milk productivity of Saanen goats while feeding organic humic origin feed supplement

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
A. V. Horchanok ◽  
V. V. Мykytiuk ◽  
O. A. Kuzmenko ◽  
L. O. Lytvyshchenko ◽  
V. O. Chumak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Feed Supplements ◽  
Experimental Group

The results of the study of Saanen goats milk productivity while feeding humic origin organic feed supplement of «VitaHum» are presented in the paper. Studying milk productivity of different goat breeds, as well as using balanced rations of biologically active feed supplements for therapeutic and prophylactic properties and improving metabolic processes and body functions, are important issues for animal breeding industry, since goat husbandry in Ukraine is in a state of formation. «VitaHum» is completely different from existing biologically active peat supplements on the market because it is received not as a result of peat hydrolysis by alkalis or acids, but by a natural way of chelation. It does not contain humic acids sodium salts with alkali residues with which no reaction had taken place, but residues of amino acids, peptides, carboxylic acids and other useful substances in pure «natural» organic form. This feed supplement meets European standards of organic products. It was found that with the industrial technology of the animal management and feeding with mixed diets when using humic origin feed supplement «VitaHum» during the entire lactation period, milk yield was increased by 15.9% or 137.3 kg, milk protein content by 0.11 abs. percent. However, the goats from the control group had the advantage in milk fat content by 0.09 abs. percent (P > 0.999). The maximum average daily milk yield of 3.55 kg was observed in the second experimental group of goats, which received feed supplements «VitaHum» in addition to the main diet. However, as a result of a significant advantage in milk yield from goats of the experimental group, a noticeably higher amount of both milk protein and milk fat mass fraction was obtained by 5.94 kg and 4.63 kg, respectively. Analysis of the qualitative milk composition of the experimental goats showed that the percentage of milk solids non-fat (MSNF) was in the range of 8.45–8.58%, and the content of somatic cells in the milk of control group animals was higher by 7.05%. The qualitative milk composition was quite satisfactory for this breed of goats, as the milk fat mass fraction was 3.94–4.03% and protein one 3.52–3.63%. The ratio of fat and protein at the level of 1.15–1.09 units indicated a good physiological state of the digestive system of the Saanen breed goats.

Effects of creep feeding and breed composition on growth of heifer calves and milk production of their dams

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-627
Author(s):  
D. R. C. Bailey ◽  
R. P. Gilbert ◽  
K. A. Beauchemin ◽  
D. Petitclerc
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Creep Feeding ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Daily Gain

Heifer calves resulting from matings of Angus (A), Hereford (H), or Simmental (S) bulls with A and H cows were used to examine the effects of creep feeding (CREEP) and heifer genotype (CALFBRD; n = 14 AA, 18 HH, 10 AH. 10 HA, 19 SA, 15 SH) on their preweaning average daily gain (ADG) and the milk yield and milk composition of their dams during the 1987 and 1988 grazing seasons. Eight-hour milk yield was estimated by oxytocin-hand milking procedures at 62, 120, and 170 d from the beginning of the calving season. Dependent variables used in repeated measures analyses included heifer calf and cow ADG between consecutive sampling times, 8-h milk yield (MILK), milk composition (grams per 8 h and percent of fat, protein, and lactose in each sample (FATG, FAT%, PROTG, PROT%, LACTG, LACT%, respectively), fat-corrected milk (FCM) and solid-corrected milk (SCM) from each cow at each sampling time. Neither CREEP nor CALFBRD had any effect on any milk yield or milk composition variable except a slight effect of CALFBRD on LACT%. Year differences were found for cow ADG, FATG, FAT%, PROTG, PROT%, LACT%, FCM and SCM, but not for LACTG, MILK or calf ADG. Differences (P≤ 0.001) in calf ADG due to CREEP and CALFBRD were found. Age of cow was a significant source of variation for cow and calf ADG and all milk yield variables, but not for FAT%, PROT%, or LACT%. Time trends (within subject factors) were significant for all dependent variables. Time by Year effects were important for cow and calf ADG, MILK, SCM, PROTG, PROT%, and LACTG. Both the breed composition of calves and supplementation with creep feed influenced calf gains but had no effect on their dam's milk yield, milk composition, or changes in body weight. Key words: Beef cattle, creep feeding, milk yield, milk composition, average daily gain, repeated measurements

Effect of untreated or chemically upgraded barley straw with highly digestible grass silage on intake and performance of lactating cows

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Phipps ◽  
R. F. Weller ◽  
R. J. Elliott ◽  
D. I. Givens ◽  
A. R. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Grass Silage

SUMMARYBetween weeks 3 and 18 of lactation, 141 British Friesians all received concentrate (metabolizable energy (ME) 12·9 MJ/kg dry matter (DM), 202 g crude protein (CP)/kg DM) at 8·0 kg fresh weight/day. In addition, cows received ad libitum either grass silage (ME 11·7 MJ/kg toluene DM; 219 gCP/kg DM) or a mixture containing grass silage and 15, 25 or 40% (DM basis) of winter barley straw (cv. Igri) either untreated (UTS) or treated (TS) with 4% NaOH. Forage treatments were imposed at either week 3 or week 9 of lactation.The mean forage DM intake of cows receiving grass silage only was 8·60 kg/day. When 15, 25 and 40% UTS was introduced into the rations at week 3 or 9 of lactation, forage DM intakes were 884, 8·43, 7·62 and 8·63, 8·83, 819 kg/day, respectively; the corresponding values for TS were 8·88, 855, 8·99 and 8·97, 8·98, 9·35 kg7sol;day. The milk yield of cows receiving grass silage only was 22·1 kg/day. When 15, 25 and 40% UTS was introduced into the rations at week 3 or 9 of lactation, milk yields were 21·1 kg/3, 20·1 kg/1, 20·1 kg/5 and 20·1 kg/1, 21·4, 20·5 kg/day, respectively; the corresponding values for TS were 21·8, 22·1, 21·3 and 22·5, 21·4, 22·6 kg/day. When averaged across the three inclusion rates, TS significantly increased forage intake (P < 0·05) and milk yield (P < 0·01) compared with UTS. Intermediate values were recorded for the diet with grass silage alone. The inclusion of TS in the ration did not affect milk yield compared with grass silage alone. No major changes in milk composition were recorded by the inclusion of either TS or UTS. However, the yields of milk fat, protein and lactose for the TS treatments were higher than for UTS and were significant for protein (P < 0·01) and lactose (P < 0·001). Cows with UTS in their ration tended to have lower live weight gains than either the control group or treatments with TS.When compared with grass silage only, the inclusion of TS or UTS decreased digestibility coefficients and ME contents, determined in vivo using wether sheep fed at maintenance. However, the treatment of straw with NaOH (4%) increased its digestibility coefficients of dry matter from 0·-393 to 0·668, of organic matter from 0·445 to 0·686, of acid detergent fibre from 0·442 to 0·713, gross energy from 0·438 to 0·640 and ME content from 7·0 to 9·4 MJ/kg DM.

scholarly journals Milk production and its relationship with milk composition, body and udder morphological traits in Bedouin goat reared under arid conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 42552
Author(s):  
Fatima Kouri ◽  
Salima Charallah ◽  
Amina Kouri ◽  
Zaina Amirat ◽  
Farida Khammar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

 This research aims to assess the performances of lactating Bedouin goat under arid conditions, focusing on the relationship of milk yield with body and udder morphology and growth traits. Fourteen goats and their kids were followed during early lactation (90 days post-partum). Mean daily milk yield was 0.56 kg. Milk fat, proteins, lactose, solids non-fat and minerals were respectively 34.9, 38.9, 48.8, 107 and 6.7 g L-1. Mean kids’ birth weight, adjusted body weight at 90 days of age and average daily gain were respectively 2 kg, 6.6 kg and 51.4 g day-1. Daily milk yield was correlated with goats’ body weight, withers height, rump height, udder width and udder circumference but not with linear udder score and growth performances. These results provide important data about the milk production of Bedouin goat emphasizing its correlation with body and udder morphological traits which can help to elaborate a specific breeding program for this breed. 

Effects of feeding peas to high-producing dairy cows

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Corbett ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
E. K. Okine
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Nutrient Analyses ◽  
Protein Milk

The effect of substituting peas for soybean and canola meals as a protein source in a high-producing dairy herd was studied in 66 Holstein cows, divided into two groups based on stage of lactation, parity, level of milk production and days in milk. Two 18.5% crude protein grain concentrate diets were formulated based on the nutrient analyses of the forages available. The control grain mix contained standard protein sources, principally soybean and canola meal (SBM\CM) while the test grain mix was formulated to contain approximately 25% field peas as the major source of protein. Both grain rations were formulated to the same nutrient specifications and balanced for undegradable protein. The duration of the trial was 6 mo during which grain feeding levels were adjusted monthly based on milk yield. For cows in early lactation, 4% fat-corrected milk yield was higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed pea based concentrates (31.3 kg d−1) than for cows fed SBM\CM supplement (29.7 kg d−1). Fat-corrected milk yield was not affected by source of protein in mid- and late-lactation cows. Fat-corrected milk production was not different (P > 0.05) for cows fed SBM\CM compared with cows fed the pea supplement when cows across all stages of lactation were included in the analyses. Milk fat percent was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for early- and mid-lactation cows fed the pea supplement. The results suggest that peas can be substituted for SBM\CM as a protein source for high-producing dairy cows. Key words: Dairy cow, pea, soybean and canola meal supplement, undegradable protein, milk production

ORGANIC ACIDS IN FEEDING OF PIGS AND THEIR EFFECT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND CLINICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
L. A. Nikanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Initial Dosage ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Group

The influence of feed additive "Ormik" consisting of organic acids (formic acid, lactic acid, orthophosphoric acid, acetic acid), as a filler of diatomite crumb, introduced into concentrated fodders, on the biochemical parameters of blood serum of pigs and on productivity is considered in the article. The studied feed additive was added to the feed daily in the form of loose powder, mixing thoroughly. The initial dosage of the feed additive in the 1st week was 1 g/kg of feed, 2nd week and the following – 3 g/kg of feed. The average daily gain in the live weight of pigs in the experimental group was 11,0% higher than the control group. The animals of the experimental group were less sick and the safety of this group was 100%, in the control group it was 90%.

scholarly journals Body composition and net and dietary macrominerals requirements of Nellore steers under grazing

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Visintin Silva de Almeida ◽  
Augusto César de Queiroz ◽  
Robério Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Fabiano Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Aline Cardoso Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Animal Body ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Requirements ◽  
Mineral Mixture ◽  
Daily Gain

This experiment was carried out with the objective of determining the macrominerals (Ca, P, Mg, K and Na) requirements of Nellore steers under grazing. Twenty four Nellore steers (371 ± 14 kg of BW and 26 mo old) were used. Four steers were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment (reference group), serving as a reference in subsequent study. The remaining 20 animals were weighed and distributed into a completely randomized design with four supplementation levels offer: 0.0 (mineral mixture - control), 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9% of BW, with five replications. The supplements, based on ground corn, soybean meal and/or urea, were previously balanced to achieve an average daily gain of 350, 650 and 850g, respectively, for the different supplementation levels offer. The contents of macrominerals retained in the animal body were determined by regression equations of the macrominerals body content logarithm in function of the empty body weight logarithm (EBW). Net macrominerals requirements for a gain of 1kg of EBW were obtained using the equation Y'= b.10ª.Xb-1, with a and b, respectively, the intercept and the regression coefficient of the prediction equations of macrominerals in the animal body contents for each macromineral considered. The concentrations of all macrominerals, in the empty body weight and gain of the empty body weight, decreased with the increase in the body weight. Total calcium and phosphorus dietary requirements are higher than those recommended in the literature.

scholarly journals Effect of season, genotype and lactation on milk yield and composition of local and crossbred dairy cows reared under different feed base region

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
MA Baset ◽  
KS Huque ◽  
NR Sarker ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
MN Islam
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Base Region ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

A total of 160 cows, 10 cows in each of native (local cow) and crossbred (local × Holstein Friesian) origins differing in lactation were used in 2×2×2×2 factorial experiment using Randomized Block Design (RBD) to evaluate milk yield and composition of cows considering regions (good & poor feed base region), seasons (dry: Nov.–Feb. 2009 & wet: Jun.–Oct. 2009), genotypes and lactation. A “good and/or poor feed base” region was classified based on the availability of quantity and quality roughages throughout the year. The study revealed that the daily milk yield and 4% FCM of cows under good feed base condition were 6.76 and 6.49 kg, respectively and under poor feed base condition were 3.67 and 3.31 kg, respectively. Feed base region did not affect on milk fat and it was observed that the milk protein, lactose, solids-not-fat (SNF), minerals and total solids under good feed base condition were 37.9, 54.9, 100.9, 6.3 and 140.6 g/kg, respectively, whereas, under poor feed base condition the values were 36.3, 52.9, 98.0, 6.1 and 135.2 g/kg, respectively. Season did not affect milk yield and composition except minerals (6.5 g/kg vs. 5.9 g/kg). Genotypes significantly (p?0.01) influenced daily milk yield, the milk protein and minerals. Lactation did not affect milk yield and the milk protein, but influenced the fat, lactose, SNF, minerals and total solids. The interaction of feed base regions and seasons significantly (p?0.01) influenced milk yield and the milk fat and SNF. The milk protein and lactose was influenced by the interaction of feed bases region, seasons and lactation. Milk yield negatively correlated with fat per cent. The percentage of fat significantly (p?0.01) correlated with protein, lactose, SNF, and minerals %. The percentage protein correlated with lactose, SNF and minerals. Lactose % significantly (p?0.01) correlated with SNF%. It may be concluded that milk yield and composition depends on feed base region, genotype and lactation of cows. Season did not influence milk yield and the composition. Milk yield negatively correlated with the percentage of fat, protein, lactose, SNF and milk composition strongly correlated with each other.Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 19(1-2): 50-65, Jan-Dec 2012

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