scholarly journals Outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with history of open renal surgery - a comparative study with PCNL in primary patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Faruk Hossain ◽  
Md Rassell ◽  
Selina Rahman ◽  
Tanvir Ahmed ◽  
Md Abdul Alim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Renal Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Recurrent Stone

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in patients operated previously for renal stone are thought to pose some difficulties. This study was carried out to compare the outcome of PCNL in patients who had undergone open surgery for renal stone with the outcome in primary patients. This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Urology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka during the period of Nov 2012 to Oct 2013. Sixty patients with renal stone admitted in urology department were selected of which 30 cases were with recurrent stone having previous open renal stone surgery (group I - study group) and another 30 were primary patients without previous surgery for renal stone disease (group II - control). After PCNL all the patients were followed at one week, one month and three months after procedure. Mean ages of Group I and Group II were 40.90 ± 6.08 years and 44.10 ± 9.91 years respectively. Mean stone size of the respondents in Group I was 2.98 ± 0.65 cm and in Group II was 3.03 ± 0.67 cm. Mean operation time of the respondents in Group I and Group II were 1.50 ± 0.46 and 1.52 ± 0.33 hours respectively. Mean post-operative hospital stay of the respondents in Group I was 3.87 ± 1.13 days and Group II was 3.67 ± 0.60 days. Stone was cleared from 29 (96.7%) patients in Group I and 28 (93.3%) patients in Group II. Mean drop of Haemoglobin level were 0.85 ± 0.55 mg/dl and 0.94 ± 0.52 gm/dl in group I and group II respectively. It was evident from the study that previous open stone surgery does not alter the outcome of subsequent PCNL.Bangladesh Med J. 2016 Jan; 45 (1): 36-39

scholarly journals Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Horseshoe Kidneys: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanawaz Alam ◽  
Darshil Shah ◽  
. Neelakandan ◽  
. Velmurugan ◽  
. Chandru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Renal Surgery ◽  
Stone Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Percutaneous Extraction

Introduction: Horseshoe Kidneys (HSK) are the most common congenital fusion of the kidneys. After the reports of Wickham and Kellet in 1981 and Clayman in 1983, percutaneous extraction of stones in HSKs has been widely adopted. In this era of advancement of Retrograde Intra Renal Surgery (RIRS), Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) still holds strong position for HSK stone management, due to HSK vascular and pelvicalyceal anatomy. Aim: To evaluate PCNL in managing large HSK stone disease in the form of stone free rate and to assess procedure related complication between October 2016 to March 2020. Materials and Methods: A retrosepective cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2016 to March 2020, in total of 18 patients (21 renal units) underwent PCNL for stone disease in HSK. Stone size >1.5 cm, failed Extra-Corporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL) and recurrent stones were included in the study. Results: Mean age of the patients was 40.67±7.87 years, 12 were male and 6 were female. Three patients had stones in both renal units. The mean stone size was 22.19±7.43 (12.00-46.00) mm. Twelve units had stone in the pelvis (57.1%), 6 unit in upper calyx (28.6%). One unit (4.8%) had stone in isthmus and 3 units (14.3%) had staghorn calculi. Access site was upper calyx in majority 76.2% of the cases, 23.8% required additional puncture most commonly through middle calyx. Total 8 patients had postoperative complications, fever being the most common (19%). Complete clearance was obtained in 85.7%, while 14.3% had residual calculi for which ancillary procedures were performed. Conclusion: PCNL can be recommended as the first line of management in the treatment of HSKs with large stone burden, considering its higher clearance rate and minimal complications.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Management of Adhesions Developed after Peritoneal Nonclosure in Primary Cesarean Section Delivery

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emaduldin Seyam ◽  
Emad Moussa Ibrahim ◽  
Ayman Moheb Youseff ◽  
Eissa M. Khalifa ◽  
Enas Hefzy
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parietal Peritoneum ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Visceral Peritoneum ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. The aim of the current study was to laparoscopically investigate the effects of peritoneal nonclosure on the sites, types, and degrees of adhesions developed after primary caesarean section (CS) in women complaining of secondary infertility after first CS delivery. Study Design. This was a cross-sectional study, where 250 women suffering from secondary infertility after their first CS had been recruited. They had been classified into group I (n = 89), where both the visceral and parietal peritoneum had been left opened; group II (n = 75), where only the parietal peritoneum had been closed; and group III (n = 86), where both peritoneal layers had been closed. Laparoscopy had been used to classify those adhesions according to the location, severity, and their adverse impact on the reproductive capacity. Results. Both adnexal and nonadnexal adhesions had been found significantly higher in group I, while adnexal types of adhesions were significantly higher after nonclosure of the visceral peritoneum in group II. Laparoscopic tubal surgery performed included tubo-ovariolysis, fimbrioplasty, and neosalpingostomy. Pregnancy rate was found correlating with the adnexal adhesion location and score. Conclusion. Nonclosure of the peritoneum in CS is associated with more adhesion formation, which might adversely affect the future women reproduction.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF AIRWAY ABNORMALITY IN TERMS OF ALTERATION IN PFT IN ASYMPTOMATIC SMOKERS.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Hitesh Kumar Solanki ◽  
Dr. Omnath P Yadav ◽  
Dr. Anita J Gojiya
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Young Smokers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

The study was conducted in department of physiology, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad from Mar. 2012 to Feb. 2013. This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate the effect of smoking on lung   function and serum lipids in asymptomatic smokers   and comparable non   smokers. The mean of the various spirometric parameters were calculated of the subjects for both the groups. The mean FVC in group I and group II was 2.60 ± 0.62 L and 4.10 ± 0.64L respectively. The mean FEV1 in group I was 1.91 ± 0.57L and     3.19 ± 0.77L in group II Group I had mean FEF25% - 75% and PEFR of 1.98 ± 0.67L/sec and 4.50 ± 1.57L/sec respectively. Group II had mean FEF25 – 75% of 4.22 ± 1.23L/sec and a mean PEFR of 7.22 ± 1.42L/sec. In young smokers and asymptomatic, still the spirometric values were significantly deranged as compared to controls. Even smokers with history of less pack years of smoking also had significant abnormalities of lung function. All he spirometric values in the two groups had statistically highly significant difference and were higher in non-smokers as compared to smokers. The spirometric values were reduced in smokers with history of smoking for as low as two pack years. Keywords: Progression, PFT, Asymptomatic & Smokers

scholarly journals Complications and Success Rate of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Renal Stone: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (220) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Renal stone disease has been affecting people for centuries. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is one of the five interventions offered to a patient with renal stone. With the continuous development of noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques, these surgical procedures have been refined over time. This study was conducted to find the success rate of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in renal stone using Guy’s score and complication by Modified Clavien score. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 114 patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a tertiary care hospital, from September 2016 to December 2018 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Convenient sampling was done. All patients were informed about the potential benefits and risks of the percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedure and patients signed an informed written consent form. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion. Statistical analysis was done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.2. Results: Forty-six (40.3%) patients had Guy’s stone score I, 43 (37.71%) patients had a score of II, 15 (13.6%) patients had a score of III and 10 (8.77%) patients had a score of IV. The success rates of stone clearance were 97.8 %, 95.3%, 80% and 50% for Guy’s stone score 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. A total of 114 patients were enrolled in the study out of which 66 were male and 48 were female. Eighteen patients experienced some form of complications out of which 3 patients needed surgical intervention with Modified Clavien score of III. Conclusions: Using Guy’s scoring system for percutaneous nephrolithotomy we evaluated the success rate. It is reproducible, easy and proves to be a useful tool to counsel patients about stonefree rate and prognosis for the surgical procedure. Modified Clavien score was helpful in evaluating complication rate.

scholarly journals Effect of maternal BMI on labor outcomes in primigravida pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eissa Khalifa ◽  
Alaa El-Sateh ◽  
Mohamed Zeeneldin ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdelghany ◽  
Mahmoud Hosni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Group I ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Labor Outcomes

Abstract Background This study aims to detect the effects of increased BMI on labor outcomes in primigravida pregnant women. Methods A cross-sectional study involved 600 full-term singleton primigravida pregnant women who presented in the active phase of labor to the labor ward. They were divided according to BMI into three equals groups; women with normal BMI (group I), overweight women (group II), and women with class I obesity (group III). Results We found that high BMI was associated with a significantly increased risk of Caesarean section (C.S.) (13% in group I, 18% in group II and 40% in group III). Women with higher BMI and delivered vaginally had a significantly prolonged first and second stage of labor, consequently increased the need for oxytocin augmentation as well as the oxytocin dose. Regarding the maternal and fetal outcomes, there are significantly increased risks of postpartum sepsis, perineal tears, wound infection, as well as significantly increased birth weight and longer neonatal stay in the neonatal unit (NNU). Conclusion Obese primigravida pregnant women were at higher risk of suboptimal outcomes. Besides, prolonged first and second stages of labor and the incidence of C.S. have also been increased.

scholarly journals Degree Of Proteinuria In Post-Icteric State Of Hepatitis E Virus (Hev) Infected Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
W Nargis ◽  
BU Ahamed ◽  
S Zabeen ◽  
F Alam ◽  
MA Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Introduction: Nephropathies, as one of the multiple extrahepatic features of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection, can occur in clinically improved HEV hepatitis patients which in majority of the cases remain clinically silent for a long period. By the time these are reported, patients have already developed renal insufficiency which may even lead to renal replacement therapy. Proteinuria, a simple test in practice, can be a useful tool for early detection of the underlying renal impairment. Objective: The aim of this study was to detect the presence of proteinuria and to evaluate the degree of proteinuria in HEV- hepatitis patients during post-icteric state. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 50 diagnosed patients of clinically improved HEV-hepatitis at the Department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) with active cooperation of the Department of Hepatology, BSMMU, between July 2006 and June 2007. Cases were chosen carefully, to exclude the acute state of illness and the patients of HEV were selected during their third or fourth follow-up, in their post-icteric phase. The study subjects were grouped according to equal age ranges in group-I (18-26 year) and group-II (27-35 year). Depending on the level of spot urinary protein (mg/dl) the subjects were also categorized as having trace, mild and moderate proteinuria. Results: The mean age of HEV infected subjects was 24.72±2.59 years. The mean spot urinary protein in age group-II patients was raised compared to age group-I and the difference was highly significant (p<0.001). Moreover, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) of spot urinary protein of male and female. Majority of HEV patients (42%) presented with mild proteinuria and mostly (53.3%) was of age group-I. Conclusion: Spot urinary protein concentration should be checked in every HEV- hepatitis patient to detect the presence and level of proteinuria. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10395 JAFMC 2011; 7(2): 37-39

Biochemical Changes in Neonates with and without Seizure: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
ASM Shahidullah ◽  
Rafika Afrose ◽  
Kalpona Deb ◽  
Bina Sen ◽  
Arup Ratan Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Seizure is a common neurological disorder in the pediatric age group. Objective: Neonates with seizure have decreased in serum calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and glucose if compared to neonates without seizure. Methodology: This comparative cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry at Mymensingh Medical Collage, Mymensingh, Bangladesh in cooperation with the Department of Pediatric of Mymensingh Medical Collage & Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from July 2005 to June 2006. Neonates were included in the study. Subjects were divided into two groups designated as group I as control group and group II cases. From each subject at least 2 ml of blood were collected from femoral vein and was collected serum for biochemical analysis. Result: A total of 60 neonates were included in the study. Subjects were divided into two groups-group-I control- (n=20) and group II cases-(n=40). The concentration of serum calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and glucose yielded 7.33 ±0.79, 5.79 ±1.10; 2.18 ± 0.23,1.61 ± 0.25; 134.82 ±3.03, 133.68±8.57; 4.80 ±0.56,5.89 ±2.02; 66.33 ± 8.23, 62.25± 7.96 in group I and group II respectively. Conclusion: Significant decreases of serum calcium, magnesium and significant increase of serum potassium in neonates with seizure are found in this study. The change in serum sodium and glucose are not significant. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, January 2021;8(1):25-29

Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir with or without ribavirin in treatment of Egyptian patients infected with chronic HCV (Single Centre Study)

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Shaker ◽  
Heba Abdella ◽  
Zeinab hefny
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Combination Regimen ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Egyptian Patients ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Abstract Background and aim As indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO), Egypt is positioned as the country with the world’s highest prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV). The current study was designed to describe the efficacy and safety of Sofosbuvir plus Daclatasvir with or without Ribavirin in treatment of chronic HCV in a cohort of Egyptian patients who were referred to the viral hepatitis unit in El -Fayoum general hospital. Methods This is a prospective descriptive cross sectional study that describes the effect of 12 weeks of daily Sofosbuvir (SOF) 400 mg plus Daclatasvir (DCV) 60 mg with or without ribavirin (RBV) with dose adjustment if indicated. It included 200 patients that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and treated in El -Fayoum general hospital, El-Fayoum, Egypt. Results In the current study, concerning viral response, SVR12 rate was achieved by 92.5% in the overall patients (185/200); by 98% (98/100) in group I, and by 87% (87/100) in group II. Concerning safety and tolerability, The main adverse effects recorded during and after 12 weeks of treatments were fatigue (46%), (66%); headache (24%), (40%); gastrointestinal upset (15%), (43%); and nausea (10%), (15%) in group 1 and group 2, respectively. Only one female patient in group II developed HCC. All patients completed treatment till the end of course. Conclusion The current study suggested that treatment of SOF plus DCV with/without RBV for chronic HCV patients in Egypt was generally safe, well tolerated, and of high efficacy, reflecting the antiviral potency and high resistance barrier of the combination regimen.

scholarly journals Antidepressants-a possibly risk factor for cataract development: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1095
Author(s):  
Rajnish Raj ◽  
Anuradha Raj ◽  
Rohit Garg
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cataract Development ◽  
Antidepressant Use ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Few studies have reported the role of antidepressants as cataractogenic in humans.Methods: It’s a hospital based descriptive, cross-sectional study. 45 Patients were screened for antidepressant use and diminution of vision, 6 were dropped out. 39 patients with 78 eyes were finally enrolled. They were divided into two goups i.e., Group-I, with cataract (N=53) and Group-II, without cataract (N=25). Three clusters of antidepressants were assessed e.g., SSRI, SNRI and TCA with therapeutic dose (TD) and non-therapeutic dose (NTD) range. Psychiatric illness was diagnosed on DSM-5 and severity of depression on HAM-D. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was converted from Snellen units to logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (log MAR) for statistical analysis. Cataract changes in eyes were seen on slit-lamp and classified on Lens opacities classification system-III (LOCS-III) criteria.Results: A total 78 eyes of thirty-nine (39) patients were evaluated. Thirty (38.46%) and forty-eight (61.53%) eyes belonged to males and females, respectively. Mean age of males (n=7) was 41.8±2.3 years and females (n=32) 40.2±1.0 years. In Group-I, out of (N=53) eyes that developed cataract 33 were females (62.26%) as compared to males 20 (37.7%). Group -II, out of (N=25) eyes, females without cataract were 15 (60%) as compared to males 10 (40%).  Therapeutic dose (TD) of antidepressants (AD) in Group-I had more cataract 37 (69.81%) as compared to non-therapeutic dose (NTD) 16 (30.1%). Most of the eyes with cataract 35 (66.03%) had AD exposure of more than 1 year that was possibly associated with increased risk of cataract development (OR 2.10; 95% CI, 0.79-5.55). Amongst users of antidepressants, SSRI was associated with increased risk of cataract development (OR 2.4; 95% CI, 0.72–7.94) with a female preponderance (OR 1.1; 95% CI, 0.41–2.91). Maximum number of eyes 34 (64.15%) that developed cataract had BCVA of ≥6/12 and minimum of 2 (3.77%) eyes had BCVA of ≤6/36. LOCS-III revealed 38 (71.69%) eyes (71.69%) having peripheral cortical cataract and 15 (28.30%) posterior sub-capsular cataract.Conclusions: There is a possible risk of association of cataract amongst user of antidepressants. The AD use of more than 1 year or longer had increased risk for development of cataract with a female preponderance. The highest risk was observed in the users of SSRI as compared to SNRI and TCA. Treatment exposure with antidepressant was longer for mild depression having more than two episodes.

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