scholarly journals In vitro and In vivo Investigations Provide New Insights into Bioactivities of Blumea clarkei Hook.f. Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Farzana Kabir ◽  
Asif Uj Jaman ◽  
Rizia Azad Rumpa ◽  
Tabassum Jannat ◽  
Safaet Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

As there is a resurgence of interest in plants as promising sources of new active pharmaceutical constituents, the present study has been designed to establish the preliminary biological activities of Blumea clarkei Hook.f. leaves. Here, the crude methanol extract of the leaves along with its organic and aqueous soluble fractions were subjected to different in vitro and in vivo assays. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction exhibited the highest total phenolic content (71.59 mg of GAE/gm of extract) and DPPH free radical scavenging (IC50 value 19.25 μg/ml) whereas another polar fraction; the aqueous soluble extractive showed the maximum cytotoxicity (LC50 value of 18.60 μg/ml) in the brine shrimp lethality assay. In membrane stabilizing activity evaluation, the inhibition of hypotonic solution and heat induced hemolysis were revealed maximum by the DCM (30.64%) and aqueous soluble fraction (39.15%), respectively while the crude methanol extract exhibited the highest thrombolytic potential (30.47% clot lysis). The central analgesic activity of the crude extract significantly increased the latent response time in tail-immersion method (p<0.001) at doses 200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight after 90 minutes of administration when compared to the control group. In acetic acid-induced writhing method, the plant extract showed prominent peripheral analgesia (p<0.001) with 47.54% and 65.57% inhibition at 200- and 400-mg/kg of body weight, respectively. In addition, a dose dependent hypoglycemic and antidiarrheal activities were also observed by the crude extract. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 24(2): 149-158, 2021

scholarly journals Bioactivities of Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb. and Bougainvillea spectabillis Willd.

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farjana Chowdhury ◽  
Senjuti Pal ◽  
Tasnuva Sharmin ◽  
Ridwan Bin Rashid ◽  
Md. Al Amin Sikder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Lysis Activity ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

The methanol extracts of leaf of Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb. and Bougainvillea spectabillis Willd. as well as their petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates were subjected to screenings for antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Folin- Ciocalteau reagent using butylated hydroxytolune (BHT) and ascorbic acid as standards. The aqueous soluble fraction of the crude methanol extract of A. chaplasha and the methanolic crude extract of B. spectabillis demonstrated the highest free radical scavenging activity with the IC50 of 15.60±0.27 ?g/ml and 18.33±0.17 ?g/ml, which could be correlated to their total phenolic content of 61.26±0.23 and 50.00±0.19 mg of GAE/gm of extractive, respectively. Different extractives of A. chaplasha and B. spectabillis showed clot lysis activity ranging from 2.56±0.68% to 17.07±0.23% and 2.24±0.71% to 17.59±0.74% as compared to 66.77% and 3.791 % produced by the standard streptokinase and water, respectively. In hypotonic solution and heat induced conditions, the crude extract of A. chaplasha inhibited the haemolysis of human erythrocyte by 41.96±0.87% and 40.00±0.78%, while the carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of methanol extract of B. spectabillis inhibited haemolysis by 65.68±0.36% and 35.62±0.82%, respectively. Here, acetyl salicylic acid (0.1 mg/ml) was used as reference showing 72.79% and 42.12% of haemolysis of RBCs in hypotonic and heat induced conditions, respectively. Among the extractives of both plants, the crude methanol extract of A. chaplasha and the chloroform soluble fraction of B. spectabillis extract revealed mild to moderate antimicrobial activity with zone of inhibition ranging from with 7.0 to 13.0 mm. The general toxicity was determined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay where the pet-ether soluble fraction of A. chaplasha (LC50 0.781±0.36 ?g/ml) and the aqueous soluble partitionate of B. spectabillis (LC50 1.28±0.57 ?g/ml) suggested the presence of considerable bioactive principles. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v16i1.14493 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 16(1): 63-68, 2013

scholarly journals Biological Screenings of Two Araceous Plants Growing in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanjina Hoque ◽  
Md Al Amin Sikder ◽  
Mohammad A Kaisar ◽  
Abu Asad Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

Two Bangladeshi medicinal plants from Araceae family, Alocasia indica and Steudnera virosa, have been investigated for their in vitro thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing antimicrobial activities and generalized    toxicity. The total phenolic content was also determined and expressed in gallic acid equivalent. The membrane stabilizing activity was assessed by heat and hypotonic solution induced methods. The carbon tetrachloride soluble  fraction (CTCSF) of A. indica and aqueous soluble fraction (AQSF) of S. virosa demonstrated strong membrane stabilizing activity. Different extractives of A. indica and S. virosa showed moderate thrombolytic activity. Among the two plants, the methanoic crude extract and its chloroform soluble partitionate of S. virosa revealed moderate inhibition of microbial growth. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the pet-ether and carbon tetrachloride soluble fractions of A. indica and the crude extract and its pet-ether soluble fraction of S. virosa were found to be as lethal as    Vincristine sulphate after 24 hours observation on shrimp nauplii.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i2.11794   Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 10(2): 131-135, 2011(December)  

scholarly journals In vitro Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Membrane Stabilizing Activities of Bauhinia acuminata L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
Mohammad Firoz Khan ◽  
Rabeya Islam Shilpi ◽  
Ridwan Bin Rashid ◽  
Mohammad A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

The crude methanol extract of leaves of Bauhinia acuminata and its Kupchan fractions were screened for antioxidant, cytotoxic and membrane stabilizing activities. Among all partitionates the aqueous soluble fraction of B. acuminata demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 7.22±0.200 ?g/ml. Moreover, the carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction showed significant cytotoxic activity having LC50 value of 12.13±0.215 ?g/ml. On the other hand, in hypotonic solution- and heat- induced conditions, the crude methanol extract inhibited haemolysis of human erythrocyte by 63.94±0.14% and 51.95±0.20%, respectively as compared to 81.97±0.77% and 42.11±0.39% demonstrated by the standard acetyl salicylic acid. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v17i1.22324 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 17(1): 99-101, 2014

scholarly journals In vitro Membrane Stabilizing and In vivo Analgesic Activities of Boehmeria glomerulifera Miq. in Swiss-Albino Mice Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Sabikunnahar Papia ◽  
Muhammed Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Md Mustafezur Rahman ◽  
Mohaiminul Adib ◽  
Mohammad Firoz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Boehmeria glomerulifera Miq. is an indigenous plant of Bangladesh. Traditional healers use this plant to treat various diseases. The crude methanol extract of whole plant of B. glomerulifera and its Kupchan fractions were screened for in vitro membrane stabilizing and only the crude extract at doses of 200- and 400- mg/kg body weight were screened for analgesic activity in mice model in order to establish the medicinal values of this plant. The membrane stabilizing activity of the extractives was evaluated by the ability of test materials to inhibit hypotonic solution- and heat-induced haemolysis of human erythrocytes. Moreover, the analgesic activity of methanol extract was evaluated by acetic acid induced writhing method and tail immersion method in mice. In hypotonic solution- and heat-induced conditions, the crude methanol extract showed inhibition of haemolysis by 64.80±0.34% and 21.63±0.76%, respectively as compared to 77.74±0.67% and 40.41±0.69% demonstrated by the standard, acetyl salicylic acid. On the other hand, the analgesic activity was determined for its peripheral and central pharmacological responses using acetic acid-induced writhing test and tail immersion method at doses of 200- and 400- mg/kg body weight. The extract reduced the acetic acid-induced writhings significantly (p < 0.05) in a dose dependent manner with the highest activity observed at 400 mg/kg (46.0%) body weight when compared to that of Diclofenac sodium (64.0%), as the standard drug. A significant increase (p < 0.01) of latency period was also found in tail immersion method. Therefore, the present study established that the methanol extract of B. glomerulifera possesses moderate membrane stabilizing and significant analgesic activities.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 19(2): 185-189, 2016

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bioactivities of Gouania tiliaefolia Lam., an Indigenous Traditional Medicinal Plant of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-207
Author(s):  
Tufael Ahmed ◽  
Rifat Khan ◽  
Nafisa Tabassum ◽  
Fahima Aktar ◽  
Mohammad Kaisarul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

The crude methanol extract of Gouania tiliaefolia Lam. was partitioned by the modified Kupchan method and the fractions were evaluated for total phenolic content, antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, hypotonic and heat-induced membrane stabilizing activities. The petroleum ether soluble fraction (PESF) and methanol extract (ME) showed the highest phenolic content of 78.30 ±1.60 mg and 70.37 ± 0.84 mg, respectively, which were expressed in gallic acid equivalent (GAE). Similar trends were observed in case of anti-oxidant and cytotoxic activities, where the PESF possessed the highest free radical scavenging activity and brine shrimp lethality (IC50 = 2.88 ± 0.02 μg/ml, LC50 = 2.59 ± 0.14 μg/ml), followed by ME (IC50 = 4.79 ± 0.17 μg/ml, LC50 = 3.38 ± 0.08 μg/ml) and CSF (IC50 = 37.51 ± 0.96 μg/ml, LC50 = 73.55 ± 0.26 μg/ml). In case of assays for thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities, all extractives showed insignificant results compared to the respective standards. The crude methanol extract of G. tiliaefolia was used to examine the in-vivo analgesic (central and peripheral), antidiarrheal and antidiabetic activities in Swiss albino mice. In case of castor oil induced diarrhea, the ME gave better reduction of diarrhea by 71.43% (at 400 mg/kg-body weight) compared to loperamide (64.29%). Antidiabetic activity was evaluated by oral glucose tolerance test and the ME showed 71.42% and 75.39% reduction of blood glucose at doses 200 and 400 mg/kg-body weight, respectively when compared with the standard glibenclamide that reduced blood glucose by 66.17%. The central- and peripheral-analgesic activity was evaluated by the tail-flick test and acetic acid induced writhing test, respectively. In both the cases, ME demonstrated dose-dependent analgesic activity compared to the standards. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(2): 200-207, 2019

scholarly journals In vitro Antioxidant, Membrane Stabilizing and Thrombolytic Activities of Glycosmis arborea

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Mamur Hossain ◽  
Farhana Islam ◽  
Tasnuva Sharmin ◽  
Hasib Sheikh ◽  
AM Rashedul Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Rat Erythrocytes ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Negative Controls

The methanol extract of leaves and stems of Glycosmis arborea and their pet-ether, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates were subjected to assays for antioxidant activity by Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, membrane stabilizing and thrombolytic activities. The carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction of stems of G. arborea demonstrated the presence of significant amount of phenolic compounds (36.95 ± 0.54 mg of GAE/g of extract). The extractives inhibited heat as well as hypotonic solution-induced haemolysis of rat erythrocytes in vitro. The pet-ether soluble fraction of leaves and stems of G. arborea showed 20.46 and 38.24% and 22.50 and 48.25%. inhibition of hemolysis of RBC caused by heat and hypotonic solution, as compared to 30.55 and 72.91% inhibition of hemolysis of RBC caused by the standard Acetyl salicylic acid at 0.01 mg/ml concentration, respectively. Among the four fractions, the chloroform soluble materials of the stems of G. arborea revealed highest thrombolytic activity with clot lysis value of 36.50% while standard streptokinase and water used as positive and negative controls, showed 64.25±0.26 and 2.35±0.35 % lysis of clot respectively DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v15i2.12579 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 15(2): 141-143, 2012

scholarly journals Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. Growing in Bangladesh Exerts In-vitro Antioxidant and In-vivo Analgesic and Anti-diarrheal Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Md Sadman Hasib ◽  
Md Sazzadul Bari ◽  
Akhteruzzaman Chowdhury ◽  
Md Aslam Hossain ◽  
Mohammad A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Analgesic Activities

The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant, antidiarrheal and analgesic activities of Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. The methanol extract of V. farnesiana and its different fractionates were subjected to in-vitro assay for the determination of total phenolic content and antioxidative potential. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction (EASF) exhibited the highest free radical scavenging capacity (IC50 value of 21.49 ± 1.04 μg/ml) as compared to that exhibited by the standard butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) (IC50 value of 20.41 ± 0.05 μg/ml). Such prominent antioxidative potential was further reinforced by a phenolic content of 39.26 ± 0.85 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract. The plant extract, at the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, reduced castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice model by a statistically significant (p < 0.05) margin of 47.62%, while the standard loperamide produced 66.67% reduction of diarrheal feces. The central and peripheral analgesic activities of the crude methanol extract of V. farnesiana (MEVF) was determined by tail flick- and acetic acidinduced writhing methods, respectively, in Swiss albino mice. In the tail flick method, oral administration of MEVF at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight exhibited 221.09 and 237.09% elongation of pain response time, respectively, after 90 minutes of administration whereas the standard morphine effectuated 518.34% elongation within the same time. Furthermore, the same doses of the extract illustrated 63.27 and 69.39% reductions, respectively, in the acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions in mice. Compared to the standard acetylsalicylic acid with 75.51% inhibition, statistically significant (p < 0.05) peripheral analgesic activity was established. The results of the present investigations suggest that methanol extract of V. farnesiana possesses antioxidant, antidiarrheal and analgesic activities which eventually indicates the presence of biologically important phytoconstituents within the plant that needs further exploration. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 23(2): 181-186, 2020

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential, DNA Protection, and HPLC-DAD Analysis of Neglected MedicinalJurinea dolomiaeaRoots

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseer Ali Shah ◽  
Muhammad Rashid Khan ◽  
Kiran Naz ◽  
Mubarak Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Alpine Region ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dna Protection ◽  
Tuberous Roots ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Jurinea dolomiaeaBoiss., family Compositae, is a medicinally important plant of alpine region. Its tuberous roots are used in various ailments in folk medicine. This study was undertaken to estimate total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) and to determine anti-free radical potential by diversein vitroantioxidant assays. Crude methanol extract (JDME) was fractionated inton-hexane (JDHE), chloroform (JDCE), ethyl acetate (JDEE),n-butanol (JDBE), and aqueous (JDAE) fractions. The results indicated that JDEE and JDCE constituted the highest amount of TFC (807±7.2 mg rutin equivalent/g sample) and TPC (757±9.4 mg gallic acid equivalent/g sample), respectively. Significant correlation of TFC with IC50values was recorded for•OH (R2=0.91), H2O2(R2=0.82), and ABTS (R2=0.82) assay. It could be made clear that JDEE was the most potent in antioxidant activity as compared to others, with generally lower IC50values for DPPH (41.1±1.0 μg/mL), ABTS (46.7±0.6 μg/mL), H2O2(42.2±0.9 μg/mL),•OH (61.1±1.1 μg/mL),O2-(152±1.1 μg/mL), and antilipid peroxidation (54.3±1.6 μg/mL). HPLC chromatogram of JDEE revealed the presence of catechin, caffeic acid, and rutin. The results indicated the antioxidant activities ofJ. dolomiaearoots and merit further investigations for their use in oxidative stress related disorders.

scholarly journals Phytopharmacological Evaluation of Alcoholic Extract of Berberis aristata Leaf in the Treatment of Gastric Ulcer

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ratnaker Singh ◽  
Y. Trilochana
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Dose Dependent

For over a century, peptic ulcer has been one of the most common gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorder. There are number of drugs are now available for treatment. Drugs of herbal origin reduce the offensive factors and have proved to be safe, clinically effective, relatively less expensive, globally competitive, and with better patient tolerance.This study was performed to assess the anti-ulcer activity on different parts of B.aristata. Apart from that, acute toxicity, qualitative chemical analysis, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content(TFC) and in vitro antioxidant activities were evaluated. The potentially active plant part was selected for screening as gastro protective, in vivo antioxidant and antisecretory activities in ulcerated rats.The 50% ethanolic extract of B. aristata were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, estimation of TFC and TPC. The crude extract from the leaves of B. aristata gave best antiulcer activity among flower and stem. In acute toxicity studies, the administration of the crude extract of B. aristata leaves did not reveal any adverse effects or toxicity in rats at fourteen days observations.The results of these studies have shown that ethylexract of B.aristata leaf (EEBAL) produced a significant dose dependent ulcerprotective, antioxidant and antisecretory activity by blocking the activity of proton pump, protecting from antioxidants produced during stress induced ulcer and by enhancing glycoprotein levels.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo anti-trypanosomal potentials of Afrormosia laxiflora and Khaya senegalensis against Trypanosoma brucei brucei

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-284
Author(s):  
G.D. Chechet ◽  
J Yahaya ◽  
A.J. Nok
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei ◽  
Khaya Senegalensis

Animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) also known as Nagana is a resurgent disease in Africa. Medicinal plants are being used in less developed countries for the treatment of various diseases including trypanosomiasis, due to the high cost of currently available drugs. Most of these plants have been useful sources of treatment of various diseases based on information obtained from folk medicine but have not been scientifically certified. Here, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-trypanosomal potentials of the methanol extract of Aformorsia laxiflora and Khaya senegalensis against T. b. brucei. Phytochemical screening as well as LD50 of the plant extracts was carried out following standard procedures. Parasitemia was monitored daily while Packed Cell Volume was determined at three time points (days 1, 4 and 7) during the course of the infection. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, antraquinones, resins and tanins. However, steriods/terpenoids were absent in K. senegalensis but present in A. laxiflora. The toxicity of methanol extract of both A. laxiflora and K. senegalensis was above 5000mg/kg body weight. Methanol extracts of A. laxiflora (leaves) and K. senegalensis (stem bark) showed promising trypanocidal potential in vitro against T. b. brucei at concentrations of 10, 15, 25mg/ml and 40 and 20mg/ml respectively. At these concentrations, both extracts immobilized the parasites within 55mins post-incubation. In general, A. laxiflora leaf extract demonstrated prophylactic activity against T. b. brucei in vivo at a dose of 500mg/Kg body weight particularly in group C animals where a delayed pre-patent period (6 days post-infection), extended survival (14 days post-infection) and significant (P<0.05) reduction in the parasite burden confirmed by an absence of anemia (PCV 47.00±0.8 %) was observed when compared to the infected untreated control group. K. senegalensis extract on the other hand did not show anti-trypanosomal activity in the treated groups (1, 2, and 3). Based on these observations, it was therefore deduced that the methanol extract of leaves of A. laxiflora possessed the ability to ameliorate the burden of the disease and could be a plausible candidate for drug development against the disease.Keywords: Trypanosoma brucei brucei, Afromosia laxiflora, Khaya senegalensis, anti-trypanosomal, in vitro, in vivo

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