scholarly journals Comparative study of protozoan parasite communities between Anabas testudineus and Channa punctatus

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Md Aminul Islam Bhuiyan ◽  
Fatima Nahar Kabita ◽  
Zannatun Nahar Jhinu ◽  
Md Hamim Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Channa Punctatus ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Freshwater Bodies ◽  
Host Fishes

The study was conducted to determine the comparative occurrence of protozoan parasites of two host species- Anabas testudineus and Channa punctatus. The host fishes were collected from April, 2018 to March, 2019 from freshwater bodies of Mymensingh, Kishoreganj, Faridpur and Jashore districts of Bangladesh. Three species of myxozoa (Henneguya mystusia, Henneguya qadrii and Henneguya acerinae) and four genera/species of ciliophora (Trichodina acuta, Trichodina sp., Epistylis lwoffi and Amphileptus disciformis) in A. testudineus; three genera/species of myxozoa (Henneguya chaudhuryi, Henneguya bengalensis and Myxobolus sp.), three species of ciliophora (Trichodina pediculus, Epistylis lwoffi and Apisoma piscicolum) and a few actinosporean stage of myxoza in C. punctatus were identified. The prevalence of protozoan infections were found higher in A. testudineus (76.19%) compare to C. punctatus (51.72%). However, mean intensity was relatively higher in C. punctatus (95.93 ± 41.53) than that of A. testudineus (71.38 ± 32.26). Myxozoans were clearly dominant group in both hosts. Multiple parasitic infections were higher in A. testudineus. The highest parasitic infection was observed in Mymensingh (100%) and lowest in Jashore (40%) in A. testudineus, whereas it was highest in fish of Faridpur (100%) and lowest in Mymensingh (33.33%) in C. punctatus. Shannon Diversity Indices indicated that the parasite community was poorly diverged in both hosts of all study areas. However, Simpson’s Diversity revealed that, parasites community was moderately diverged in both hosts in Mymensingh and in other study areas they were poorly diverged. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(1): 23-34, 2021 (January)

scholarly journals Occurrence of Protozoan Parasites From Climbing Perch, Anabas Testudineus From Open Waters of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
Fatima Nahar Kabita ◽  
Md Aminul Islam Bhuiyan ◽  
Zannatun Nahar Jhinu ◽  
Rita Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Climbing Perch ◽  
Freshwater Bodies ◽  
Study Sites

The study was conducted to identify the protozoan parasites and to determine their occurrence and diversity in climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1972). The sample fish species were collected from mid-October, 2018 to end of the December 2018 from freshwater bodies of Mymensingh, Kishoregonj, Faridpur and Jashore districts. Three species of myxozoa (Henneguya mystusia, Henneguya qadrii and Henneguya acerinae) and 4species of ciliophora (Trichodina acuta, Trichodina spp., Epistylis lwoffi and Amphileptus disciformis) were identified in A. testudineus. Approximately 76.19% of total fish species were infected by at least one of the parasites with average load of 71.38±32.26 per infected host. Myxozoans (97.55%) were clearly dominant group than chiliophorans (2.45%). The highest prevalence of parasitic infection was observed in the fishes of Mymensingh (100%) and lowest in Jashore (40%).The association of parasitic infection of H. mystusia (p=0.018), H. qadrii (p= 0.00044), H. acerinae (p=0.003), Trichodina acuta (p= 0.052)and A. disciformis (p= 0.023) with study area was statistically significant. Protozoan parasites were most abundant in gills of the hosts. Shannon Diversity Index indicated that hosts were not infested by more parasites and the parasite community was poorly diverged in all study sites but Simpson’s Diversity Index showed that, parasites community was moderately diverged in host fish of Mymensingh area and in rest of areas they were poorly diverged. Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(1): 127-140, 2020

scholarly journals Occurrence of Protozoan Parasites of Channa Punctatus in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Fatima Nahar Kabita ◽  
Md Aminul Islam Bhuiyan ◽  
Zannatun Nahar Jhinu ◽  
Rita Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Channa Punctatus ◽  
Infected Host ◽  
Fish Sample ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Host Fishes

Three species of myxozoa (Henneguya chaudhuryi, Henneguya bengalensis and Myxobolus sp.) and 3 species of ciliophora (Trichodina pediculus, Epistylis lwoffi and Apisoma piscicolum) and two actinosporean stages of myxoza were identified. Some 51.72% of total host fishes which were found infected with at least one of the above mentioned parasites with average load of 95.93±41.53 per infected host. High percentage (98.05) of C. punctatus possessed myxozoan infection and 1.95 had chiliophoran infection. The highest prevalence of parasitic infection was observed in host sample collected from Faridpur district and lowest (33.33%) in fish sample collected from Mymensingh. The association of parasitic infection of H. bengalensis and Myxobolus sp. with study areas was found statistically significant (p=0.024 and 0.049, respectively). Protozoan parasites were most abundant in gills of hosts. Shannon Diversity Index indicated that host fishes were not infested by more parasites and the parasite community was poorly diverged in all study sites. However, Simpson’s Diversity showed that, parasites community was moderately diverged in host fishes collected from Mymensingh district and in rest of the areas parasite community was poorly diverged. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(1): 13-25, June 2020

Spatial and discrimination learning in rodents infected with the nematode Strongyloides ratti

Parasitology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. BRAITHWAITE ◽  
D. J. SALKELD ◽  
H. M. McADAM ◽  
C. G. HOCKINGS ◽  
A. M. LUDLOW ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
Heligmosomoides Polygyrus ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Rats And Mice

Recent work has shown that mice with subclinical parasitic infections suffer impaired spatial learning and memory, as assayed in an open-field water maze. Although the mechanism underlying this effect is not clear, the phenomenon has been reported following infection with both a protozoan parasite (Eimeria vermiformis) and a gastrointestinal nematode (Heligmosomoides polygyrus). In a variety of experiments, we examined the effects of a different gastrointestinal nematode, Strongyloides ratti, on the ability of rats and mice to learn a spatial or a discrimination task. Animals were tested at various stages post-infection, with different levels of infection, using different lines of S. ratti and with varying experimental protocols. All animals learned the tasks, but we found no evidence of an effect of S. ratti infection on learning or memory. Even rats infected with approximately 5000 S. ratti larvae, a dose which has an impact on rat body size, showed no deficit in learning ability. Various reasons for the conflict between our results and those previously reported for E. vermiformis and H. polygyrus are discussed. Our results show that impaired learning and memory following parasitic infection is not a ubiquitous or at least easily replicated phenomenon.

scholarly journals Taxonomical Accounts of Protozoan Parasites of Climbing Perch, Anabas Testudineus in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-345
Author(s):  
Md Aminul Islam Bhuiyan ◽  
Rita Parveen ◽  
Zannatun Nahar Jhinu ◽  
Abdul Jabber Hawlader
Keyword(s):  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Climbing Perch ◽  
Freshwater Bodies

The study was conducted to identify the protozoan parasites in a freshwater indigenous air breathing fish, Anabas testudineus. The host fish was collected during mid of the April 2018 to end of the March 2019 from freshwater bodies of Mymensingh, Kishoregonj, Faridpur, Jashore, Manikganj and Bogura districts of Bangladesh. Five species of phylum myxozoa namely Henneguya gigas, Henneguya mystusia, Henneguyaa cerinae, Henneguya periophthalmusi and Myxidium sp., three species of phylum ciliophora namely Amphileptus disciformis, Epistylisl woffi and Trichodina anabasi and one species of phylum mastigophora namely Trypanosoma anabasi were identified in A. testudineus. Myxozoans (97.55%) were clearly dominant group than chiliophorans (2.45%). Bangladesh J. Zool. 49 (2): 331-345, 2021

What are Hidden Facts behind Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Ilam City?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-287
Author(s):  
S. Viesy ◽  
J. Abdi ◽  
Z. Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are the one of the most common health problems in developing countries. Objective: A number of patients die annually due to complications caused by these parasites.Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the rate and type of parasitic infections, determine the factors affecting them in Ilam city and also provide strategies to prevent them.In this descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in one of the Ilam labs in 2016, 417 stool specimens were randomly collected. All specimens were examined using direct and ethanol formaldehyde.Suspect specimens were examined using Trichrom staining. Demographic information was also recorded in a questionnaire, and finally the results were analyzed using statistical software SPSS 20.The data were then compared with Chi-square test. Results: Out of the 417 patients examined, 59 (14.1%) were infected with intestinal parasites. The type of parasitic infection in 9.4% was Blastocystis hominis, 3.6% Entamoeba coli, 0.5% Entamoeba histolytica, 0.5% Giardia and 0.2% Trichomonas hominis. Conclusion: Despite the improvement of public health, parasitic infections are still considered as one of the health problems in the city of Ilam. Therefore, proper planning, public health education, raising the level of health in the area and the provision of safe drinking water are some of the ways to reduce parasitic infections in the region.

scholarly journals Application of Dendrimers for Treating Parasitic Diseases

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Veronica Folliero ◽  
Carla Zannella ◽  
Annalisa Chianese ◽  
Debora Stelitano ◽  
Annalisa Ambrosino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Molecular Volume ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Wide Range

Despite advances in medical knowledge, parasitic diseases remain a significant global health burden and their pharmacological treatment is often hampered by drug toxicity. Therefore, drug delivery systems may provide useful advantages when used in combination with conventional therapeutic compounds. Dendrimers are three-dimensional polymeric structures, characterized by a central core, branches and terminal functional groups. These nanostructures are known for their defined structure, great water solubility, biocompatibility and high encapsulation ability against a wide range of molecules. Furthermore, the high ratio between terminal groups and molecular volume render them a hopeful vector for drug delivery. These nanostructures offer several advantages compared to conventional drugs for the treatment of parasitic infection. Dendrimers deliver drugs to target sites with reduced dosage, solving side effects that occur with accepted marketed drugs. In recent years, extensive progress has been made towards the use of dendrimers for therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnostic purposes for the management of parasitic infections. The present review highlights the potential of several dendrimers in the management of parasitic diseases.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Intestinal Parasites among Patients Admitted to Mirembe National Mental Health Hospital, Dodoma, Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azan A. Nyundo ◽  
David Z. Munisi ◽  
Ainory P. Gesase
Keyword(s):  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stool Samples

Background. Neglected tropical diseases continue to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. Psychiatric patients are among groups at risk for parasitic infection although control and monitoring programs largely overlook this population. This study aimed at determining prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection among patients admitted to a psychiatric facility.Method. The study followed cross-sectional design; all the residing patients that met the inclusion criteria were included in the survey. Stool samples were collected and examined by direct wet preparation and formol-ether concentration. Data were analyzed with STATA version 12.1; Chi-square test was computed to determine the level of significance atpvalue < 0.05.Results.Of all 233 patients who returned the stool samples, 29 (12.45%) screened were positive for an intestinal parasite. There was no significant association between parasite carriage and age, sex, or duration of hospital stay.Conclusion. The study shows that intestinal parasitic infection is common among patients in a psychiatric facility and highlights that parasitic infections that enter through skin penetration may be a more common mode of transmission than the oral route. Furthermore, the study underscores the need for surveillance and intervention programs to control and manage these infections.

scholarly journals THE UTILITY OF BLOOD AND BONE MARROW FILMS AND TREPHINE BIOPSY SECTIONS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PARASITIC INFECTIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e2015039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Miller ◽  
Barbara Bain
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Trephine Biopsy ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Blood Examination

The laboratory haematologist has a role in the diagnosis of parasitic infections. Peripheral blood examination is critical in the diagnosis of malaria, babesiosis, filariasis and trypanosomiasis. Bone marrow examination is important in the diagnosis of leishmaniasis and occasionally leads to the diagnosis of other parasitic infections. The detection of eosinophilia or iron deficiency anaemia can alert the laboratory haematologist or physician to the possibility of parasitic infection. In addition to morphological skills, an adequate clinical history is important for speedy and accurate diagnosis, particularly in non-endemic areas.

scholarly journals Parasitic Infections Associated with Unfavourable Outcomes in Transplant Recipients

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Wołyniec ◽  
Małgorzata Sulima ◽  
Marcin Renke ◽  
Alicja Dębska-Ślizień
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Disseminated Disease

Introduction. The immunosuppression used after transplantation (Tx) is associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections. In Europe, parasitic infections after Tx are much less common than viral, bacterial and fungal ones. However, diseases caused by parasites are very common in tropical countries. In the last years the number of travellers with immunosuppression visiting tropical countries has increased. Methods. We performed a literature review to evaluate a risk of parasitic infections after Tx in Europe. Results. There is a real risk of parasitic infection in patients after Tx travelling to tropical countries. Malaria, leishmaniasis, strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis are the most dangerous and relatively common. Although the incidence of these tropical infections after Tx has not increased, the course of disease could be fatal. There are also some cosmopolitan parasitic infections dangerous for patients after Tx. The greatest threat in Europe is toxoplasmosis, especially in heart and bone marrow recipients. The most severe manifestations of toxoplasmosis are myocarditis, encephalitis and disseminated disease. Diarrhoea is one of the most common symptoms of parasitic infection. In Europe the most prevalent pathogens causing diarrhoea are Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium. Conclusions. Solid organ and bone marrow transplantations, blood transfusions and immunosuppressive treatment are associated with a small but real risk of parasitic infections in European citizens. In patients with severe parasitic infection, i.e., those with lung or brain involvement or a disseminated disease, the progression is very rapid and the prognosis is bad. Establishing a diagnosis before the patient’s death is challenging.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections and Assessment of Deworming Program among Cattle and Buffaloes in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayana Gunathilaka ◽  
Dimuthu Niroshana ◽  
Deepika Amarasinghe ◽  
Lahiru Udayanga
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Digenetic Trematodes ◽  
Linear Modelling ◽  
Cattle Management ◽  
Veterinary Surgeon ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
The Difference

Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infection is a serious issue in cattle management. The effects of GI parasites may vary with age, sex of cattle, nutritional condition, and severity of infection. Prevalence of GI parasites among cattle population in Gampaha District has not been studied and there is no published study available. A total of 45 farms rearing cattle were selected randomly in three areas, namely, Kelaniya, Ganemulla, and Welisara, under three Veterinary Surgeon Divisions (VSD) in Gampaha District (Mahara, Gampaha, and Welisara). Freshly voided cattle fecal samples were collected randomly from the selected farms during March 2017–December 2017. Out of 163 cattle and buffaloes examined, 13.39% (n=22) were positive for eggs of one or more species of GI parasites. The prevalence of parasitic infection was higher in buffaloes (31.25%, 5/16) as compared to that of cows (11.56%, 21/147), but the difference was not significant (P >0.05). Hookworms (Bunostomum spp.), whipworms (Trichuris spp.), digenetic trematodes (Paramphistomum spp.), cestodes (Moniezia spp.), and oocysts of protozoans (coccidians) were found during the study. The nontreated animals indicated the highest percentage of parasitic infections accounting for 46.67% (n= 14), followed by partially treated individuals (15.15%, n= 5). GI parasite prevalence in males was higher when compared to that of females, but the difference was nonsignificant (P >0.05). General Linear Modelling (GLM) revealed that the effect of treatment status was significantly associated with the prevalence of GI parasites. The calves and yearlings had the highest rate of GI parasitic infections. The highest infection rate was observed at Kelaniya, followed by Welisara. Future investigations are necessary to evaluate the economic impact of GI parasites in the study areas.

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