Distribution Of Phenotypic And Genotypic Abo And Rhesus Blood Groups Among Bangladeshi Population

The present study is a retrospective analysis of allelic frequency of ABO and Rhesus (D) blood groups of donors attending the Deaprtment of Transfusion Medicine of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka. BIRDEM IS a 625 bed hospital, where patients and blood donors come from all parts of Bangladesh. A total of 1, 28,506 blood donors of both genders were included in the study over fourteen years from June 1995 to June 2009 for analysis. Blood group was determined by performing the both tube and slide method blood grouping method. The distribution of blood groups in our population was B>O>A>AB in Rh positive groups donors and O>B>A>AB among Rh negative donors. Blood group B was more common among the males (37.42%) while O was predominant among female donors (33.83 %). On the other hand, blood group O negative was predominant in both genders (36.88%). In this study, Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium law was used to calculate the allelic frequency for ABO/ Rh system. Homozygous allelic frequency for Rh negative population was only 0.0007. Although phenotypically B group was dominant and AB was rare in our population, but according to Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium law the estimated allelic frequency of A (0.3694) and O (0.3040) showed higher frequency than B type (0.2300) in Bangladeshi population in both homozygous and heterozygous state. So, with increasing population of Bangladesh, this changing trend in estimated blood group in ABO system may play an important role in our genetic pattern. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v5i2.10101 IMCJ 2011; 5(2): 59-62

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PHENOTYPIC FREQUENCIES OF ABO AND RH(D) BLOOD GROUPS AMONGST HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN BIKANER, RAJASTHAN

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i11.680 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Mamta Mehra

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Negative Control ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Standard Assumption ◽

Agglutination Method ◽

Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽

Group B ◽

Antigen Antibody ◽

Blood Grouping

Background & Objective: Practically, most important blood groups are A, B, O, AB and RhD(+/-), which are essential for right blood supply to the recipients and in various studies. The incidence of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) groups varies markedly in different parts of the world and in different races. The present study was aimed at determining the prevalence of ABO & RhD blood groups among healthy blood donors in Western Rajasthan. Material and Methods: At our centre, all the healthy blood donors were assessed and analyzed for ABO-Rh blood grouping during a period of previous 4 years (from January, 2015 to December, 2018). 119200 samples were checked for ABO and RhD blood grouping by manual saline antigen-antibody agglutination method using commercially prepared antisera antiA, antiB, antiAB, antiD, in house prepared reagent cells Acell, Bcell, Ocell and negative control. The results were reconfirmed on fully automated immunohematology analyzer (Galileo Neo, USA) with direct hemagglutination micro-well plates using antiA, antiB, antiD series-5, antiD Novaclone, Monoclonal control, Acell, Bcell and Ocell provided by the manufacturer. Discrepant samples were cross checked separately by column agglutination technique using DG Gel ABO/Rh-2D cards (Diagnostic Grifols S.A.) and tube technique. Results: We found that the most common blood group was B+ 39758 (33.35%) followed by O+, A+, AB+, B-, O-, A- and AB-. RhD negative donors were 10504 (8.81%) among the total donors. Phenotypic frequencies were expressed under the standard assumption of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Conclusion: Present study concludes that the most common ABO phenotype found among healthy blood donors in Western Rajasthan (India) is group B with RhD negativity being 8.81%. Larger studies should be conducted to calculate antigenic, phenotypic and allelic frequencies in general population. Keywords: ABO-RhD blood group, Phenotype, Allele, Blood donors, hemagglutination.

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The Pattern of Distribution of ABO Blood Groups in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.18034/mjmbr.v6i1.472 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 67-70

Author(s):

Victoria Moltong Yilwa

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Allelic Frequency ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Chi Square ◽

Weinberg Equilibrium ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

The study was undertaken to assess the distribution of the ABO blood groups in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria. Blood group types of forty-three thousand, nine hundred and nineteen (43,919) people were collected from eight different hospitals in Kaduna metropolis over a period of four years. These hospitals are easily accessible by all groups and classes of people because of their location. Phenotypic and allelic frequencies were determined to understand the distribution pattern of the ABO blood groups. A chi-square test was carried out to test whether the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The O blood group occurred with the highest frequency (44.13%), while the AB blood group had the lowest occurrence of 3.98%. Blood group A was more predominant (29.12%) than B blood group (22.77%). The O allele had the highest allelic frequency (0.67), while the A and B alleles were lower (0.19 and 0.14 respectively). The ABO blood group system was found to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

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DISTRIBUTION OF ABO AND RH (D) BLOOD GROUPS AMONG BLOOD DONORS IN DISTRICT MARDAN, PAKISTAN

Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat ◽

10.52206/jsmc.2013.3.2.318-322 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 318-322

Author(s):

MUHAMMAD KHALID ◽

NAILA ASLAM ◽

MUHAMMAD SIYAR ◽

RASHID AHMAD

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Local Community ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Group B ◽

Abo Blood Grouping ◽

Blood Grouping

OBJECTIVE: To find out the distribution of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups among blood donors in districtMardan and to help transfusion services in the area.STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional descriptive study.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in DHQ Hospital Mardan from 1st January2012 to 31st December 2012. A total of 2893 healthy adult, blood donors (both volunteer and directed) fromdistrict Mardan were included. Two ml of blood anti-coagulated with EDTA was taken and both ABO andRh (D) blood groups were determined using commercially available anti-sera of Biolaboratories. Thedistribution ofABO and Rh blood groups in the local community were then calculated.RESULTS: Among ABO blood groups “ B” (27.97%) was the most prevalent, followed by “0” (27.93%),“ A” (24.75%) and “ AB” (19.36%). Group Rh positive (94.30%) was more prevalent than Rh negative(5.70%). Similarly 0+ve (26.65%) was most frequent followed by B+ve (26.17%), A+ve (23.16%), AB+ve(18.32%), B've(1.80%),Ave(l.59%),O ve( 1.28%) and ABve( 1.04%).CONCLUSION: Blood group 'B' was most frequent among the ABO blood groups and Rh (D) positiveamong Rh blood groups while0+vewas the most frequent blood group in the study population.KEYWORDS: ABO Blood grouping, Rh (D) blood grouping, Mardan.

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Association of Viral Hepatitis with ABO Blood Group in apparently Normal Iraqi Blood Donors

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.10.3.20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (03) ◽

pp. 421-425

Author(s):

Suad Azeez Hassan ◽

Suhair Hassan Alkutbi ◽

Eman S. Nassir ◽

Haider Hassan Lilo

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Blood Group ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Blood Group A ◽

B Virus ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Apparently Healthy

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are counted as a public health issue worldwide. The virus is transmitted to infect others through blood and blood products. Appointed blood groups and Rh-positive are more prone to the transmission of the infection by blood transfusion. The aim of this study is to find out the frequency of hepatitis B and C in apparently healthy blood donors and whether there is an association between ABO and Rh blood groups. ABO blood groups and their relationship with HBV and HCV infections were studied in 87,124 blood donors of both genders. Out of these donors, 353 individuals were found to be infected with HBV and HCV with a ratio of 1:250. The study was conducted between January to June 2018, which was presented to the Central Blood Bank in Baghdad and Al-Razi Medical Centre. It found that most hepatitis B and C blood donors were blood group O with a prevalence of 33.7 and 45.5%, respectively, while the results for those with blood group A showed 28.5 and 22.7% HBV and HCV infections, respectively. On the other hand, the incidence of HBV in individuals with blood group B was 29.8%, and HCV was 23.8%. AB blood group donors demonstrated the least incidence at 7.9% for both HBV and HCV. In conclusion, it has been found that there is a significant association between blood groups and Rh factor with hepatitis B and C infections.

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Distribution of ABO, Rhesus D and Subgroups of ABO among Blood Donors in Sokoto, North Western Nigeria

International Blood Research & Reviews ◽

10.9734/ibrr/2020/v11i130120 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 6-13

Author(s):

A. B. Ibrahim ◽

H. Attahiru ◽

O. Erhabor ◽

P. F. Udomah ◽

A. Yakubu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Group A ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tile Method ◽

Group A ◽

The Common ◽

Group B ◽

North Western

ABO, Rhesus D and subgroups of ABO are highly immunogenic and are the common cause of antibody production in mismatched blood transfusions, haemolytic transfusion reaction and maternal alloimmunization. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of ABO, Rh D and subgroups of ABO among blood donors attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto, Nigeria. ABO, Rhesus D and subgroups of ABO antigen status of 176 blood donors with mean age of 30.44 ± 8.210 years attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto were determined using tile method for ABO and Rh D and conventional tube method for anti- A1, anti- H reagents for ABO subgroups respectively. Among the 176 subjects tested, blood group O+ was the most frequent group with 93 (52.8%), 39 (22.2%) were blood group B+, 37(21.0%) were blood group A+, 5 (2.8%) were blood group AB+, 2 (1.1%) were blood group O-. No data was obtained for A-, B- and AB- blood groups. Out of 37 A blood groups obtained, 31 (83.8%) had A1 antigens and 6 (16.2%) had A2 antigens. Out of the 5 AB blood groups, all had A1B antigens. The study also shows that there was statistically significant difference between blood group A and ethnic groups (Hausa, Fulani and Yoruba) (p<0.05). Blood group O was found to be the most frequent followed by B, A and AB except among Hausa which revealed a pattern of O> A> B> AB. ABO, subgroups shows majority had A1 followed by A2 and A1B respectively.

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Prevalence of ABO and Rh blood groups and their association with Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) among Blood Donors in Islamabad, Pakistan

BioScientific Review ◽

10.32350/bsr.0304.02 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Yousaf Khan ◽

Farwa Sijjeel ◽

Ahmareen Khalid ◽

Rukhshan Khurshid ◽

Umm E Habiba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Infection ◽

Blood Group ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Blood Group System ◽

Syphilis Infection ◽

Group System ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Certain Rh positive blood groups showed a link between the ABO blood grouping and susceptibility to some infectious ailments. Study was carried out to find the association of ABO Blood Group System / Rh type with different viral infection. A retrospective observational study was carried in 7631 blood donors to find the association of ABO Blood Group System / Rh type with viral infection due to hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus and Syphilis. Data of the study indicateF that the highest incidence of blood group in blood donor was B followed by O, A and AB. The incidence of HBsAg +ve, HCV Ab +ve and infection of Syphilis was also highest in donor with blood group B followed by O, A and AB. Blood group A were more susceptible to HIV Ab +ve followed by blood group B, O and AB. The group B donors had the greatest risk of viral infection with HBV, HCV, HIV, and Syphilis; followed by the groups O, A, and AB. Donors in group AB had the lowest incidence rate of all viral infection. The study revealed that blood group B is most prevalent among donors, followed by blood groups O, A, and AB. On the other side, the rate of HBV, HCV, HIV, and Syphilis infection was greatest among group B donors, followed by group O, group A, and group AB. Copyright(c) The Authors

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The Higher Frequency of Blood Group B in a Brazilian Population with HIV Infection

The Open AIDS Journal ◽

10.2174/1874613601307010047 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 47-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tor Gunnar Hugo Onsten ◽

Sidia Maria Callegari-Jacques ◽

Luciano Zubaran Goldani

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Blood Group ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Binding Capacity ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Viral Envelope ◽

Blood Type ◽

Blood Group Antigens ◽

Group B

Objective:To analyze the frequency of and odds for and against HIV infection based on ABO blood type in a large sample of blood donors.Background:Coevolution between pathogens and hosts may explain the ABO system of polymorphisms. HIV-infected cells add ABO(H) blood group antigens to the viral envelope. Naturally occurring antibodies against ABO(H) antigens that are present in normal human sera are able to neutralize ABO-expressing HIVin vitro. Blood donors are ideal for studying blood groups and HIV infectionin vivobecause all donors are routinely typed and tested.Methods:All blood donors who donated blood between 1994 and 2010 were tested for HIV (ELISA antibody tests and Western blot test or immunofluorescence testing) and were ABO typed (direct and reverse grouping tests). HIV infection based on the ABO blood group was analyzed using the chi-square test and game theory.Results:The total number of examined blood donors during this period was 271,410, of whom 389 were infected with HIV. B-group donors were more infected than non-B donors (p= 0.006).Conclusions:A more restricted antigen recognition capacity of anti-Galα1-3Gal in blood groups AB and B and a weaker antigen-binding capacity of anti-A antibodies may contribute to a higher frequency of HIV infection in blood group B.

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Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in Nepalese medical students: a report

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/2000.6.1.156 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 156-158

Author(s):

T. Pramanik ◽

S. Pramanik

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Blood Group ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Blood Group A ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Group Distribution

The frequencies of ABO and rhesus blood groups vary from one population to another. We studied blood group distribution in 120 Nepalese students; 34% were blood group A, 29% group B, 4% group AB and 32.5% group O. The frequency of Rh-negative blood was 3.33% and Rh-positive 96.66%

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Blood Groups of Recipients of COVID-19 Convalescent plasma

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S131-S131

Author(s):

J M Petersen ◽

D Jhala

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Asian American ◽

Medical Center ◽

Blood Groups ◽

Control Population ◽

Control Group ◽

Plasma Therapy ◽

Unrelated Control ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group B

Abstract Introduction/Objective COVID -19 Convalescent plasma therapy (CCP) is under an FDA Emergency Use Authorization to treat hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, being ill enough to require hospitalization for COVID-19 is a negative outcome. There is also contradictory literature on whether ABO blood group is associated with worse outcomes with COVID-19 disease. Therefore, we share a regional Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) experience comparing the blood groups of patients intended to receive CCP to a control group of patients positive for SARS-CoV-2. Methods/Case Report A retrospective review of all patients who had CCP ordered in the year 2020 was performed to identify the blood group of these patients, which was compared to a control population of positive patients early in the pandemic (March 17th, 2020 to May 20th, 2020). Results (if a Case Study enter NA) A total of 15 patients had CCP ordered as part of their care with an age range of 56-85 (average 69.7) years of age, entirely male composition, and a racial breakdown of 13 African Americans (86.7%), 1 Caucasian American (6.7%), and 1 Asian American (6.7%). The blood group distribution amongst these 15 patients for CCP was 1 AB+ (6.7%), 5 A+ (33.3%), 4 B+ (26.7%), and 5 O+ (33.3%). The unrelated control population consisted of 81 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients whose blood groups were distributed as 3 group AB (3.7%), 21 group A (25.9%), 15 group B (18.5%), and 42 group O (51.8%). A Chi squared test did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups in ABO composition. Conclusion The ABO proportions of patients for whom CCP was ordered compared to the control group was not statistically significant. This provides support to the literature arguing that ABO may not be related to worse outcomes such as hospitalization or need for CCP transfusion.

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Assessing ABO/Rh Blood Group Frequency and Association with Asymptomatic Malaria among Blood Donors Attending Arba Minch Blood Bank, South Ethiopia

Malaria Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2016/8043768 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Getaneh Alemu ◽

Mohammedaman Mama

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Malaria Infection ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Groups ◽

High Rate ◽

Abo Blood Group ◽

Asymptomatic Malaria ◽

Abo Blood Groups ◽

Group Frequency ◽

Rh Blood Group

Background. Determination of the various ABO/Rh blood group distributions and their association with malaria infection has paramount importance in the context of transfusion medicine and malaria control. Methods. Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June, 2015, to assess ABO/Rh blood groups distribution and their association with asymptomatic malaria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Blood grouping was done using monoclonal antibodies. Thin and thick blood films were examined for Plasmodium parasites. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results. A total of 416 blood donors participated with median age of 22±0.29 (median ± standard error of the mean). Distribution of ABO phenotypes, in decreasing order, was O (175, 42.1%), A (136, 32.7%), B (87, 20.9%), and AB (18, 4.3%). Most of them were Rh+ (386, 92.8%). The overall malaria prevalence was 4.1% (17/416). ABO blood group is significantly associated with malaria infection (P=0.022). High rate of parasitemia was seen in blood group O donors (6.899, P=0.003) compared to those with other ABO blood groups. Conclusion. Blood groups O and AB phenotypes are the most and the least ABO blood groups, respectively. There is significant association between ABO blood group and asymptomatic malaria parasitemia.

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