scholarly journals Prevalence of Fungi With Seeds of Twenty Brri Released Rice Varieties and Seed Quality Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Tania Sultana ◽  
S Shamsi ◽  
MA Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Fungal Association

A total of 20 rice varieties of BRRI dhan 56 to BRRI dhan 75 were collected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) for seed quality analysis, detection and identification of fungi associated with seeds of selected rice varieties. Dry inspection indicated that the percentage of pure seeds ranged from 90 - 100. The highest percentage of pure seed was found in BRRI dhan 66 and BRRI dhan 70 (100) and lowest in BRRI dhan 68 (90). A total of 21 fungal species were isolated from the selected rice varieties following “Blotter and Tissue Planting” methods. They were Alternaria padwickii, A. tenuissima, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. clavatus, A. terreus, Bipolaris sorokiniana, B. spicifera, Chaetomium globosum, Curvularia lunata, Drechslera oryzae, Fusarium sp.1, Fusarium sp. 2, Nigrospora sp., Penicillium sp., Pestalotiopsis guepinii, Rhizopus stolonifer, Syncephalastrum racemosum and Trichoderma viride. Among them Penicillium sp., Drechslera oryzae, Aspergillus ochraceus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger and Fusarium sp.1 were predominant in most of the rice varieties. In Tissue Planting method Drechslera oryzae showed the highest mean per cent frequency (6.69) and lowest was in the Bipolaris sorokiniana (0.41). Maximum total fungal association was recorded in variety BRRI dhan 61 (156.79%) and minimum in BRRI dhan 66 (24.69%). In Blotter method Penicillium sp. showed the highest mean per cent frequency (7.56) and lowest was in Rhizopus stolonifer (1.71). Maximum total fungal association was recorded in BRRI dhan 63 (147.37%) and minimum in BRRI dhan 65 (19.21%). Germination percentage of seeds was highest in BRRI dhan 66 (88) followed by BRRI dhan 67 (82), BRRI dhan 74 (80) and lowest in BRRI dhan69 (24). The percentage of seedling mortality was highest in BRRI dhan 63 (42) and lowest in BRRI dhan 74 (8.0) followed by BRRI dhan 67 (10). Correlation coefficient and regression analysis indicated that prevalence of fungi has significant effect on seed germination and seedling mortality. The present research work suggests that out of 20 BRRI rice varieties, BRRI dhan 65, BRRI dhan 66, BRRI dhan 67 and BRRI dhan 74 showed better performances on the basis of percentage of pure seed, fungal association, seed germination and seedling mortality. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(1): 79-89, June 2018

scholarly journals Estimation of interrelationships among some quality factors of jute seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Md Al Mamun ◽  
S Shamsi ◽  
MA Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Corchorus Capsularis ◽  
Paper Towel ◽  
Blotter Paper

The storage mycoflora associated with seeds of 21 accessions of Corchorus capsularis L. were isolated and identified. Blotter, Paper towel and Agar plate methods were used to isolate the fungi associated with seeds. A total of ten species of fungi viz. Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. terreus, Curvularia lunata, Colletotrichum corchori, Fusarium oxysporum, Eurotium sp., Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus stolonifer were isolated from the selected jute seeds. Aspergillus spp. and Colletotrichum corchori were predominant in most of the jute accessions. Accession No. A-3047 showed the highest fungal incidence and Accession Nos. A-3361, A-2734 and A-877 showed the lowest. Accession No. A-3361 showed the highest seed germination while Accession No. A-3309 showed the lowest. Mortality of seedling showed the highest in Accession No. A-3309 and the lowest in Accession No. A-3361. Physical purity of seed recorded the highest in Accession No. A- 3361 and the lowest in Accession No. A-3309. There were negative correlation between percentage of fungi and percentage of germination and between percentage of fungi and physical purity of seeds. Positive correlation was observed between percentage of fungi and seedling mortality and between purity of seed and germination of seed.Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(1): 9-17, 2016

scholarly journals Change the condition of spring wheat when adding bacterial-humic preparation to herbicides

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
L. N. Korobova ◽  
T. A. Kizimova ◽  
A. A. Pobelenskaya ◽  
T. G. Lomova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Hexyl Ester ◽  
Production Experiment ◽  
Fusarium Sp

The authors studied the effect of the bacterial-humic preparation AFG-b containing the spore-forming bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a production experiment in the northern forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Priob’ye region. The preparation was used on midearly spring wheat, which forms grain at the level of valuable wheat. The drug was used as an antistressant together with herbicides against dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. The tank mixture used was metsulfuron-methyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl with the antidote cloquintoset-mexyl and 2-ethyl hexyl ester of 2,4-D with florasulam. The bacterial-humic preparation AFG-b is known to level out herbicide stress in wheat and improve plant health. It improves the condition of leaf cell membranes by preventing the escape of electrolytes from the cells. On the roots of plants one month after applying the antistressant, the authors observed a 1.5-2 times reduction in the development and prevalence of root rot of fusarium-helminthosporiosis etiology. The authors also marked the most pronounced phytosanitary effect of the preparation’s bacteria, which are antagonists of phytopatho- gens for plants’ primary roots and epicotyl. An increase in plant productivity manifests the anti-stress and growth-stimulating effect of AFG-b. During the growing season of 2020, the bio preparation combined with herbicides provided a reliable increase of 40.2% of the grain of spring wheat and improved its quality by enhancing the protein and gluten content. Under 2019 conditions, AFG-b increased grain yield relative to herbicides by about 8% and did not affect grain quality. Application of AFG-b as an anti-stressant is not accompanied by improvement of seed quality of the new crop. It does not improve its phytosanitary status in infestation by phytopathogens Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium sp., Alternaria, Stagonospora nodorum, Penicillium and Aspergillus relative to herbicides alone.

scholarly journals Fungal diseases of Rose plant in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Ghosh ◽  
Shamim Shamsi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Botrytis Allii ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Five types of symptom were recorded on two varieties of rose plant. The symptoms were Black spot, Leaf spot1, Leaf spot2, Blight and Anthracnose. The study revealed the presence of 20 species of fungi belonging to 17 genera. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Arthrinium saccharicola Stevenson, Aspergillus flavus, Link., A. niger van Tiegh., Botrytis allii Munn, Cercospora sp., Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) de Vries, C. oxysporum Berk. & Curt., two species of Colletotrichum, Curvularia brakyospora Boedijn, Curvularia pallescens Boedijn, Fusarium sp., Epicoccum purpurascens Ehreneb ex Schlecht; Link, Gibberella sp., Marssonina rosea (Lib.) Died, Nigrospora sphaerica (Sacc.) Masson, Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stay. with its two culture types, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. Ex. Fr) Vuill. and Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Fries. The frequency (%) of association of P. guepinii was higher than any other fungi. Pestalotiopsis guepinii and its two culture types were found to be pathogenic to rose plant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v38i2.21347 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 2, 225-233, 2014

scholarly journals Interrelationship Among Seed Quality Parameters and Fungi Associated with Seeds of Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1061-1067
Author(s):  
Amina Khatun ◽  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
MA Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Syncephalastrum Racemosum ◽  
Seed Moisture

A total of twenty nine species of fungi namely Aspergillus aculeatus Lizuka, A. flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger Van Tiegh, A. nidulans Eidam, A. subramanianii Visagie, Frisvad & Samson, A. tamariiKita G., A. toxicarius Murak, A. wentii Wehmer, Curvularial unata (Wakker) Boedijn, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc., C. gossypii Southw., Chaetomium globosum Kunze., Fusarium moniliforme J. Shelden, F. nivale (Fr.) Sorauer, F. oxysporum Schlechtendal, F. fujikuroi Nirenberg, F. solani(Mart.) Sacc., Lasiodiplodiatheobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl., Meyerozyma guilliermondii (Wick.) Kurtzman & M. Suzuki., Mucor sp. P. Micheli ex L., Penicillium aculeatum Raper& Fennell, Penicillium citrinum Thom, Rhizoctonia solani Khun., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prins. Geerl., Rhizo mucor sp. Luce t & Costantin, Syncephalastrum racemosum Cohn and Trichoderma viride Pers. were found to be associated with the seeds of 14 varieties viz. CB-1 to CB-14 of cotton. Seed quality analysis showed that percentage of pure seeds, germination, moisture, seedling mortality and associated fungi with different varieties of cotton seeds varies from 97.08-99.92%, 80-93%, 10-11.3%, 16.05-50.30% and 24-78.0% respectively. Present study deals with estimation of interrelationship between some quality factors through correlation and regression analysis are important for the assessment of seed quality. There were negative correlations between seedling mortality and purity percentage and between germination rate and fungus frequency. On the other hand, positive correlations were found between germination rate and purity percentage, between seedling mortality and fungus frequency, between purity percentage and fungus frequency, between germination rate and seed moisture and between fungus frequency and seed moisture. CB 8 was superior from the other cotton variety as it showed higher physical purity of seed (98.41%), higher seed germination (92%), lower fungal incidence (24%) and lower mortality of seedling (23.91%). Bioresearch Commu. 8(1): 1061-1067, 2022 (January)

scholarly journals Prevalence of Fungi in Different Varieties of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Seeds in Storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Amina Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Fungal Association ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

A total of nine species of fungi were found to be associated with seeds of nine varieties of chickpea. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, Curvularia lunata, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer and Trichoderma viride. Association of fungi with chickpea seeds was recorded three times, within a week after harvest, after two and five months of storage. The fungal association varied with duration of storage period. Species of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus become predominating fungi with increase of the storage period. The fungal association with seeds of chickpea also affects germination, seedling mortality and seedling height. Germination of BARI chola 6 and 7 were completely inhibited due to prevalence of Rhizopus stolonifer in the seeds examined within seven days of harvest. The total fungal infection in chickpea seeds was highest in BARI chola 8 (168) and lowest in BARI chola 1 (65).Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 40, No. 1, 37-44, 2016

scholarly journals Effect of storage containers and time on seed quality of wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Malaker ◽  
IH Mian ◽  
KA Bhuiyan ◽  
AM Akanda ◽  
MMA Reza
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Wheat Seeds

A study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of black point and percentages of germination, moisture content and different fungi associated with wheat seeds during storage in different types of container. Seeds of a widely cultivated variety Kanchan were stored in five types of containers viz., ‘dole'(bamboo made), earthen pitcher, tin container, polyethylene bag and refrigerator (10°C) for ten months at room temperature. Samples were taken at monthly interval beginning from the month of April (prior to storage). The seed moisture content and black point severity were found highest in dole resulting in the lowest percentage of seed germination. The highest germination percentage was observed under storage in refrigerator followed by polyethylene bag, tin container and earthen pitcher. The moisture content and black point infection increased and seed germination decreased with the increase of storage period. Prior to storage in April, the seed germination was 95%, which decreased to about 75% at the end often months of storage (in January). Various fungal flora associated with wheat seeds differed in their prevalence depending on the length of storage period and types of container used for storage. The population of field fungi viz., Alternaria alternata, Aiternaria triticina, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Epicoccum purpurascens and Fusarium spp. decreased while that of storage fungi viz., Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Nigrospora, Penicillium and Rhizopus increased with the progress of storage period. Key Words: Storage, seed quality, wheat. doi:10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1606 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 469-477, September 2008

Storage and hydro-priming treatments to improve the seed quality of two traditional rice varieties; Batapola-el and Suwendal, from Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
MO Galappaththi ◽  
KMGG Jayasuriya ◽  
NS Gama-Arachchige
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Sowing Season ◽  
Traditional Rice

Although the demand for traditional rice varieties has increased, low initial germination and poor storability of these varieties impede its popularization. Thus, the aim of the study was to improve the seed quality using priming treatments and to suggest an effective storage practice of two of the traditional rice varieties; Suwendal and Batapola-el, in Sri Lanka. Seeds were subjected to hydro-priming under various time periods (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours). Seeds were stored in gunny, polysac and polythene bags at room temperature, 25 and 8 °C. Seed quality of primed and stored seeds was evaluated using seed germination, seed vigour (seedling growth and conductivity) and seedling emergence. Hydro-priming for 72 hours has increased the seed germination of the two varieties significantly compared to other priming methods. Further, seeds primed for 72 hours had the highest vigour and highest seedling emergence in both varieties. Storing Suwendal and Batapola-el seeds in polythene bags at 8 °C retained the highest viability and highest vigour for more than six months. Thus, hydro-priming for 72 hours could be recommended to enhancethe seed quality of these two tested varieties and storage at 8 °C in sealed polythene bags could be recommended as an effective storage practice to maintain the seed viability till the next sowing season.

scholarly journals Diversity of seed borne fungi associated with fourteen varieties of storage cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
A Khatun ◽  
S Shamsi ◽  
MA Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Cotton Seeds ◽  
Fungal Association ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Present paper deals with the occurrence and diversity of fungi on storage cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds. 24 species of the fungi were found associated with the seeds of 14 varieties of cotton after 10 months of storage. The isolated fungi were Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger (Type 1 and Type 2) Van Tiegh, A. ochraceus K. Wilhelm, A. nidulans Eidam, Aspergillus sp.1, Aspergillus sp.2, Aspergillus sp.3, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz & Sacc, C. gossypii Southw., Chaetomium globosum Kunze., Fusarium nivale (Fr.) Sorauer, F. moniliforme J. Shelden, F. oxysporum Schlechtendal, F. fujikuroi Nirenberg, Mucor sp. P. Micheli ex L., Penicillium sp.1 and sp.2 Link, Rhizoctonia solani Khun., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., Rhizomucor Lucet & Costantin, Syncephalastrum racemosum Cohn and Trichoderma viride Pers. The association of fungi with cotton seeds was recorded within two months of harvest, after 6 and 10 months of storage. The association of fungi varied with duration of storage periods. Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Chaetomium globosum, Penicillium sp.1 and Rhizopus stolonifer were found in all the examined varieties. These were the most predominant fungi in terms of prevalence with the increase of storage periods. The fungal association with the seeds of cotton also affected the germination, seedling mortality, height and vigor. The total association of fungi in cotton seeds was the highest in cotton variety CB10 (204) and the lowest in CB8 (71). On the other hand, the total fungal association of Rhizopus stolonifer was the highest (337) and Colletotrichum gossypii was the lowest (1). J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(2): 43-52

DESEMPENHO AGRONÔMICO E QUALIDADE SANITÁRIA DE GRÃOS DE MILHO, EM FUNÇÃO DA APLICAÇÃO FOLIAR DE FUNGICIDAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-90
Author(s):  
José Roberto Chaves Neto ◽  
Renato Carnellosso Guerra ◽  
Ricardo Boscaini ◽  
Nívea Raquel Ledur ◽  
Maurivan Travessini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

O controle das podridões das espigas e grãos de milho é realizado principalmente com a aplicação de fungicidas químicos em todas as regiões produtoras do Rio Grande do Sul. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da aplicação foliar de fungicidas na incidência de grãos ardidos e de fungos dos gêneros Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp. e Aspergillus sp. em grãos de milho. O experimento foi conduzido na safra agrícola 2014/15, em Cruz Alta, RS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados (DBC), com 4 tratamentos (3 com aplicação de fungicidas e 1 testemunha sem aplicação) em 4 repetições. Os tratamentos basearam-se nas aplicações dos fungicidas Piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol (380 mL ha-1), Picoxistrobina + ciproconazole (300 mL ha-1) e Azoxistrobina + benzovindiflupir (150 g ha-1). As variáveis analisadas foram: percentagem de grãos ardidos, massa de mil grãos e rendimento de grãos. Houve efeito da aplicação de fungicidas sobre toas as variáveis avaliadas. Os componentes de produção assim como a incidência de grãos ardidos e de fungos fitopatogênicos, em grãos de milho são influenciados pela aplicação via foliar de fungicidas no estádio fenológico V8 da cultura do milho.

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