scholarly journals Fungi causing rots in onions at storage and market

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAM Ara ◽  
ML Khatun ◽  
M Ashrafuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Five varieties of diseased onion samples, four local (Taherpuri, Faridpuri, Kalashnagari, and Zitka) and one Indian (Pusa Red) were collected from different markets of Mymensingh, to isolate and identify the associated fungi. Five different fungal species belonging to three genera were repeatedly isolated. Healthy looking and diseased onions were kept at room temperature. The population of associated fungi increased proportionately with the duration of storage period. The isolated fungi were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium spp., Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium moniliforme. Healthy onion bulbs were inoculated (with injury and without injury) with these fungi. Individual fungi produced distinguishable symptom of disease in incubation chamber at 22-23°C temperature. After 30 days of inoculation, bulbs showed comparatively low amount of disease development than those at 60 and 90 days. Maximum disease development was found in the variety Pusa Red (with injury) and it was minimum in Zitka variety (without injury). Keywords: Fungi; Onion; Disease development DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4818 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2): 245-251, 2008

scholarly journals Effects of Garlic Extract, Allamanda Leaf Extract and Provax -200 on Seed Borne Fungi of Rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Yeasmin ◽  
M. Ashrafuzzaman ◽  
I. Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Bipolaris Oryzae ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nigrospora Oryzae

Seeds of rice were treated with Garlic (Allium sativum) clove extract @ 1:0, 1:1, 1:2 dilutions in water, allamanda (Allamanda cathartica) leaf extract @ 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 dilutions in water and Provax-200 @ 0.3% for controlling seed borne fungi, where the seed samples of three rice varieties viz. Katharee, Gutee Aus and Kalijira were collected from farmer’s storages of Bangladesh. The seed germination under control ranged from 64 to 77%, where treatments resulted up to 100% germination. The identified seed borne fungi of rice were Bipolaris oryzae, Curvularia oryzae, Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforme, Nigrospora oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp., where prevalence of Bipolaris oryzae (7.5%) and Fusarium moniliforme (8.3%) were the maximum. All the treatments significantly reduced the seed borne fungi up to 100% over the control, where Provax was found best and was statically similar to garlic (1:1) extract against seed borne pathogen of rice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11064The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 46-50

scholarly journals An investigation into the microbial infestation of poultry feeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MZ Alam ◽  
M Ashrafuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fungal Population ◽  
Fungal Flora ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Feed Samples

The Experiments were carried out during the period of July 2001 to December 2002. Infestation of poultry feeds by fungi and aflatoxins content in feeds were determined. Ten feed samples were collected from ten different farms located in three different areas of Bangladesh. Five different fungal species belonging four genera were detected which were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium spp, Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillium spp. Among them Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger were found in all the feed samples and the rest were occasionally found. Effect of storage and moisture content of feeds were studied for determining the influence on occurrence of fungal flora in feeds. Higher the storing period of feed along with higher moisture content resulted superior incidences of fungal population in stored feeds. Studied on storage practice with 4 duration of F1 sample revealed that the presence of aflatoxins were 30.52ppb, 33.36ppb, 37.32ppb and 48.35ppb of 5, 10, 15 and 20 days after production of feeds, respectively.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 79-86, June 2015

scholarly journals Distribution and frequency of the microflora associated with uredospores of Hemileia vastatrix Berk. and Br.

1969 ◽  
Vol 79 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Altagracia M. Vizcaíno ◽  
Rocío del P. Rodríguez ◽  
Carlos Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Verticillium Lecanii ◽  
Hemileia Vastatrix ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
San Sebastian ◽  
Penicillium Spp

For the study of the microflora associated with uredospores of Hemileia vastatrix, coffee plantations in the areas of Mayagüez, San Sebastián and Las Marias were sampled. Samples were taken during the four seasons of the year, and the microflora associated with uredospores of the coffee rust was isolated and identified. Six fungal species and four genera of bacteria were isolated. The fungal species were Verticillium lecanii, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cladosporium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium spp. The bacteria belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Citrobacter, Micrococus and Bacillus. All microorganisms were consistently found in association with the uredospores throughout the year, but their frequency varied. Verticillium lecanii, C. cladosporioides and Pseudomonas spp. were the most frequently isolated.

scholarly journals Effect of Methods of Processing Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) on the Susceptibility of the Seeds to Fungal Infection during Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Baraka ◽  
M. D. Tobin-West
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
Significant Difference

The study on the effect of storage length on susceptibility of variously processed and unprocessed groundnut seed to fungal infection were carried out in the Department of Crop and Soil Science laboratory.  Four methods of processing (oil fried, sand fried, oven fried, smoked with seeds in shell) and a control (raw unprocessed seeds) was adopted and laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Four fungal isolates were identified which are Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Fusarium moniliforme. Aspergillus flavus was the most pronounced fungi (41.35%) followed by Aspergillus niger (38.15%), Sclerotium rolfsii (34.92%) and the lowest was Fusarium moniliforme (28.83%). There was significant difference in fungal contamination at 5% probability level between the method of processing and raw seeds. Susceptibility to fungal infection revealed that oil fried seed were less susceptible to fungal invasion followed by smoked with seeds in shell, oven fried seeds, sand fried seeds and raw seeds. However, groundnut oil should be used to process groundnut seeds for human consumption because it stores better and is less susceptible to mycobial contamination. Also, controlled storage environment should be used to reduce fungal contamination, processing should be done in hygienic environment and seeds should not be stored for too long as the higher the storage period the more susceptible the seeds become.

scholarly journals PRESENTATION PATTERN AND FUNGAL AGENTS SPECTRUM CAUSING OTOMMYCOSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Kassim Dekhil
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
The Public

 Objective: This study was aimed to identify the public pattern of presentation, influencing factors, and sort the fungal species, distribution of sex of patients with otomycosis.Results: The predominant complaints were pruritus and found in 76 patients (88.73%), discomfort and pain found in 62 patients (72.09%), aural fullness in 48 patients (55.81%), tinnitus in 34 patients (39.53%), hearing impairment in 50 cases (58.31%), ear discharge in 22 patients (25.58%), and most of the symptoms seen in 36 patients (68.14%). The results showed a total of eight fungal species belong to six different genera, namely, Aspergillus, Candida, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Alternaria, and Cephalosporium were isolated during this study. Among identified fungi, Aspergillus niger was found to be the most prevalent fungal species with 35.71% followed by Candida albicans (27.55%), Aspergillus flavus (10.20%), Aspergillus fumigatus (8.16), Penicillium digitatum (6.12%) and Cephalosporium species (4.08%), and Rhizopus species (5.1%), while Alternaria alternata had the lowest percentage (6.54%).Conclusion: Otomycosis/mycotic otitis externa is still a common problem and there is a rise in the occurrence of otomycosis in latest years, especially in tropical and subtropical humid climates.

Studies on the mycoflora and its control on the seeds of some forest trees. I. Cedrus deodara

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
R. K. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Cedrus Deodara

By tests using standard moist blotters, potato–dextrose–agar plates, and moist sterilized sand, 26 fungal species belonging to 13 genera were isolated from seeds of Cedrus deodara Loud. Most of these fungi were present on seed surfaces and only nine caused deep-seated internal infections. Some of the more common species in different tests were Aspergillus flavus, A. luchuensis, Epicoccum purpurascens, Fusarium moniliforme, Pénicillium canadense, and Rhizopus oryzae. Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium canadense, and Rhizopus oryzae showed differences in pathogenicity to seed germination and seedling development in sterilized and unsterilized soils. Of the nine fungicides tested for the control of the seed-borne fungi, RH-2161, a liquid fungicide, was found to be the most effective. Dithane M-45 was also effective, whereas the remaining seven fungicides were less effective.

scholarly journals Fungal Diversity in Droppings of Spot- Billed Pelican, Pelecanus philippensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha N ◽  
Zehra Amtuz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Public Health Risk

Birds are potential vectors of some diseases as their droppings pose public health risk and cause illness. Dust containing dry faeces after inhaling can infects humans. The prevalence of fungi from the faeces of birds in wetlands has not been previously determined. Hence, the present study was carried out to isolate and identify different fungal species present in the droppings of spot-billed pelican, Pelecanus philippensis. Among the fungal species identified Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus were found to be dominating.

scholarly journals DETECTION AND IN-VITRO MANAGEMENT OF SEED BORNE MYCOFLORA ASSOCIATED WITH SUNFLOWER AND ZINNIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 07
Author(s):  
Gulshan Irshad ◽  
Hira Gazal ◽  
Farah Naz ◽  
Imran Hassan ◽  
Amir Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Blotter Paper ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

The present study was conducted to detect seed borne mycoflora associated with seven cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and five cultivars of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans L.) by using Agar and Blotter paper methods. A total 12 genera of fungi were detected including; Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Stemphylium helianthi, Penicillium sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Mucor sp., Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium solani, Rhizocotonia solani and Rhizopus sp. The detected fungi depleted germination  10-30%, 10-20% and seedling mortality 10-17%, 10-12%. in sunflower and Zinnia respectively. A comparative study was designed to evaluate three  fungicides to control  seed mycoflora at the rate of of 1.5g/kg, 2.0g/kg, 2.5g/kg, 3.0g/kg, Maximum germination percentage was attained in case of seed dressing with Topsin M-70  followed by Bayton and Dithane M-45 at the rate of 3.0g/kg. 

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity in Urginea indica Kunth. (Asparagaceae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
B. Mohana ◽  
Shiva Kameshwari ◽  
M. K. Prasana Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Antifungal Agent ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Poisoned Food Technique ◽  
Urginea Indica

Aqueous extract of Urginea indica kunth. (Udupi acccession) was screened for antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum, Sclerotium rolfsii, Magnaporthe orzae, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium moniliformae by poisoned food technique. The results confirmed Urginea indica extracts showed very significant antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum and showed significant inhibition for Sclerotium rolfsii and Magnapothea orzaea it showed no activity against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. All the activity was evaluated to determine the lowest concentration required to inhibit visible mycelial growth of the pathogen at minmum concentration. Fusarium oxysporum showed very significant inhibition in 10% concentration (Reconfirmed) while Sclerotium showed significant inhibition in 25% concentration followed by Magnoporthe oryzae. The number of sclerotia spores formed was also reduced drastically. These results show that a potential and safe antifungal agent can be obtained from Urginea.

Incidence of Mycotoxigenic Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus flavus in Barley

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. SANCHIS ◽  
A. SANCLEMENTE ◽  
J. USALL ◽  
I. VIÑAS
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Tenuazonic Acid ◽  
Alternariol Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The predominant fungal species present in 60 samples of barley collected in Spain were Alternaria alternata, Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus flavus. Of the 176 Alternaria isolates examined, 88.6% produced tenuazonic acid, 15.3% produced alternariol, and 9% produced alternariol monomethyl ether. Only 6% of the 190 isolates of A. flavus produced aflatoxin.

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