scholarly journals Study On Harmful Effects Of Opium On Liver And Lungs In Chronic Opium Addicts Of Western Rajasthan

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pawan ◽  
Raghuveer Choudhary ◽  
Ranjana Mathur ◽  
MR Choudhary ◽  
M Kamla
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Today opium dependence is widely prevalent in certain states of India, especially Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh (MP) etc. In rural areas of western Rajasthan crude opium is consumed with a social acceptance by a notable proportion (8.0%) of adult male population. Later on they become addicted to it. Objective: to observe the changes in some liver and lung function parameters in opium addicted subjects of Barmer city of Western Rajasthan. Methods: The present study was conducted in district hospital of Barmer, Rajasthan. Total fifty (50) adult male subjects with age ranged from 30 to 50 years were participated in this study. Among them 25 were opium addicted and were considered as study group (Group B) and another 25 apparently healthy adult male of same age group were designated as control group (Group A). Opium addicts were consuming about 5–11 gm/day opium for >2 years. Then liver function tests were evaluated by estimating serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase and lung function tests by measuring FVC, FEV1 , FEV1/FVC% , PEF, FEF 25-75% of both the groups. Results: In this study AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase levels were found significantly (p<.05) higher in group B as compared to those of group A. Again, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/ FVC were significantly (p<.05) lower in group B as compared to those of group A. PEF (L/sec) and FEF 25-75% were also significantly (p<0.001) lower in group B as compared to those of group A. Conclusion: it is concluded that chronic long term use of opium, increases the risk of hepatic and pulmonary damage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v6i2.9762 JBSP 2011 6(2): 122-126

scholarly journals Effect of Smoking on FEF 25, FEF 50 & FEF 75 in Adult Male Smokers

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Shamima Akhter ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Md Noor Nabi ◽  
Nahid Yeasmin ◽  
Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Medicine Today ◽  
Group B

Introduction:Smoking is most common in East Asia, where two thirds of all adult males smoke tobacco; cigarette smoking is by far the most common. Smoking is the primary cause of chronic obstructive lung disease, chronic bronchitis and other respiratory symptoms. Many studies have shown significant changes of Forced Expiratory Flow (FEF) as FEF 25, FEF 50 and FEF 75 (L/sec) in adult male smokers. Its objective is to assess the change of FEF 25, FEF 50 and FEF 75 (L/sec) in adult male smokers. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during the period of July, 2007 to June, 2008. In the present study 30 adult male smokers consuming cigarettes for more than 5 years selected as study group (Group-B) and were matched with 30 adult males who were non-smokers considered as control group (Group-A) for comparison. FEF 25, FEF 50 and FEF 75 (L/sec) were estimated in both Groups. Analysis of data was done with the help of computer by SPSS 12.0 programmer and significant tests were done by unpaired Student’s “t” test. Results: There were statistically significant differences of FEF25, FEF50 and FEF75 (L/sec) in group A vs. group B. Conclusion: From the statistical analysis of the results obtained in the present study and their comparison with those of published reports, it may be concluded that smoking causes significant change of FEF 25, FEF 50 and FEF 75 (L/sec) among the smokers that could be useful in early diagnosis of peripheral airway obstruction. Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(2): 81-84

scholarly journals Comparison of oral rifampicin with observation alone in treatment of acute central serous Chorioretinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anum Badar ◽  
Sadaf Khan ◽  
Sobia Usman Shah ◽  
Mohammad Tahir ◽  
Saman Babree
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Group B

Introduction: A randomized control trial To compare efficacy of oral rifampicin in terms of drying of macula and decrease macular thickness with observation alone in patients of acute central serous Chorioretinopathy done in Layton Rahmatulla Benevolent Trust (LRBT) Free Eye and Cancer Hospital, Lahore from January 2017 to June 2017 Methods: After getting approval from hospital Ethical committee 140 patients of CSR were included in the study. The demographic details were noted and patients were randomized by lottery methods in two groups (group A& B). Group-A was observed for spontaneous resolution, routine treatment started if no improvement noted after 6 weeks of observation alone. Group B was given oral rifampicin 600mg per day for four weeks with liver function tests being done before commencement of treatment and after 2 weeks. Oral rifampicin was stopped if patient developed deranged liver function tests. Patients were followed up at 4 weeks for macular dryness and decrease macular thickness on optical coherence tomography(OCT). All the readings were carried out and noted by single person in order to minimize bias. Results: A total of 140 patents, 70 in each group, were included In study with mean age 38.77+7.74 in Group-A and 39.14+7.97 years in Group-B. regarding gender distribution 65.71 %(n=46) in Group-A and 613.43%(n=43) in Group-B were male.   Comparison of outcome of treatment of acute central serous chorioretinopathy with oral rifampicin vs observation showed that 18.57 %(n=13) in Group-A and 41.43%(n=29) in Group-B had dry macula. Conclusion: We concluded that there is a significant difference in drying of macula in acute central serous chorioretinopathy with Rifampicin versus observation alone.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of different terbinafine regimens in patients of recurrent tinea corporis and cruris

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noopur Verma ◽  
Savita Verma ◽  
Surbhi Dayal ◽  
M. C. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Safety Concern ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Tinea Corporis ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Biochemical Laboratory ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Oral Terbinafine

Background: Tinea corporis and cruris is said to be recurrent when there is relapse of sign and symptoms after 6 weeks of cure. Recently, there has been increase in cases of recurrent tinea corporis and cruris, with atypical lesions. This study was done to establish efficacy and safety of different terbinafine regimens against recurrent tinea corporis and cruris.Methods: Sixty patients with clinically and mycologically diagnosed recurrent tinea corporis and cruris were enrolled and divided into three groups. Group A was administered oral terbinafine 500 mg once daily for 2 weeks, group B was given terbinafine 250 mg once daily for double duration i.e., 4 weeks, and group C was given standard treatment which is 250 mg once daily for 2 weeks. Physician assessment four-point scale (PA4PS) and KOH wet mount were assessed for clinical and mycological efficacy. Biochemical laboratory parameters (liver function tests and kidney function tests) and adverse drug reactions were assessed for safety.Results: At the end of 6 weeks, reduction in PA4PS from baseline was 46.5%, 95.8%, and 20.4% in groups with double dose, double duration and standard therapy respectively with statistically significant (p<0.05) improvement in group with double duration. Mycological cure at the end of 4 weeks was 80%, 100% and 50%. There was no safety concern in any of the groups.Conclusions: Double duration of terbinafine was found to be more efficacious and safer.

Protective Effect of Chichorium Intybus (Kasni) Roots on Hepatotoxocity Induced By Pyrazinamide in Male Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2942-2944
Author(s):  
Attiya Munir ◽  
Amanat Ali ◽  
Sameer Ahmed ◽  
Amtul Hafeez ◽  
Nauman Naseer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Group A ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Group B

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is major health issue across the world. Yearly 2 million deaths are reported from this disease. Pakistan has been ranked in the top six countries that are bearing the major brunt of TB. Aim: To observe hepatoprotective role of aqueous extract of kasni (Chichorium intybus) roots on hepatotoxicity caused by Pyrazinamide in male BALB/c mice. Study Design: Randomized control Trial. Methodology: Healthy male albino Balb/C mice, fifty six in number were selected randomly and further grouped into four groups (n=14 mice). Group A labelled as control group and maintained on rodent diet with no medication. Group B was labelled as disease control group and only pyrazinamide was administered to mice in this group in dose (500mg/kg BW). Groups C and D designated as exploratory groups. Both group C & D were administered a combination of Anti TB drug, pyrazinamide along with aqueous extract preparations of Kasni roots in low (200mg/kg) & high doses (400mg/kg) respectively. Baseline blood samples were drawn at day zero. Results: Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were improved in group C & D given aqueous extract of Chicorium intybus roots. Conclusion: It was concluded that high doses of aqueous extract preparations of kasni (Chichorium intybus) roots showed more improvements of serum markers in drug induced hepatotoxicity than low doses of aqueous preparations. Keywords: Chichorium intybus, Hepatoprotective, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP),

TP6.2.3 Abnormal liver function tests: A helpful diagnostic test and a predictor of severity in acute appendicitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muwaffaq Telfah ◽  
Mathew Mason ◽  
Marianne Hollyman ◽  
Hamish Noble ◽  
David Mahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Group A ◽  
Negative Appendicectomy ◽  
Group B

Abstract Aim: Acute appendicitis (AA) is the commonest surgical emergency worldwide. The diagnosis usually is clinical but imaging and bloods tests are helpful. The study aims to establish the role of abnormalities in liver function tests (LFTs) in the diagnosis and in predicting the severity of AA. Methods Retrospective, observational study performed in district general hospital between June 2018 and June 2019. Patients with abdominal pain and appendicectomy (excluding children &lt;16 years with isolated ALP rise) were categorized into two groups based on presence (Group-A) or absence (Group-B) of abnormal LFTs. Demographics data, diagnosis and severity of appendicitis, hospital stay and postoperative complications were analysed. Results Two hundred and seventy nine patients were included: Group-A (n = 146, mean age 37.5 years, M: F 1.3/1.0) and Group-B (n = 133, mean age 29.7 years, M:F 1.0/1.8). Appendicitis occurred in 85.6% of Group-A (125/146) and in 62.4% (83/133) of Group-B with positive predictive value 85.6%. The appendix was normal in 14.4% of Group-A (21/146) and in 37.6% of Group-B (50/133) with specificity of 70%. Laparotomy was required in 6.1% in Group-A (9/146) compared to 1.5% in Group-B (2/133). Average hospital stay was 4.7 days (range: 1-21) in Group-A versus 2.7 days (range 1-14) in Group-B. Readmission rate due to a postoperative complication was 16.4% in Group-A (24/146) compared to 6% in Group-B (8/ 133). Conclusion: Deranged LFTs is an additional diagnostic tool in AA and a good predictor of its severity. This may help to decrease the negative appendicectomy rate and guide surgeon in the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Haemorrhagic stroke in Saudi adult male population and the ABO blood group distribution: a comparative analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1287
Author(s):  
Mohammad P. Farshori ◽  
Yasir G. Alrashdan ◽  
Mohammed S. Alshammari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Haemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Group B

Background: Globally stroke is leading cause of death and disability. According to WHO every year 15 million people get stroke and one third of these subjects die and about 5 million become permanently disabled. In SA smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are highly prevalent and since these factors are among ten major risk factors for stroke it puts Saudi population at higher risk of stroke. In current study we studied prevalence of hemorrhagic (HS) stroke and analyzed if there is any correlation between incidences of HS and ABO blood groups in Saudi population.Methods: Blood groups and other relevant data were collected for 2304 stroke patients registered at King Khaled hospital between 1/1/2008 to 1/6/2018. Statistical analysis was performed using Z calculator.Results: We saw 5.4-fold increase in prevalence of diabetes type 2 and 8.7 fold increase in prevalence of hypertension among HS patients as compared to control subjects. Prevalence of smoking was higher in both control and HS patients. 21.7% of stroke patients were HS patients. Distribution of A blood group was significantly higher in male HS patients. AB blood group showed statistically significant reduction in HS patients as compared to control group. Results were statistically significant at (p˂0.01). However, blood group B and O showed no significant differences between two groups.Conclusions: Results of our studies show a correlation between ABO and the incidences of hemorrhagic stroke in Saudi adult male population. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results.

scholarly journals Effect of Partial Feed Deprivation on Serum Liver Enzymes’ Activities and Hepatic Histoarchitecture in Clarias gariepinus (African Catfish)

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Bashir Sa’idu Aliyu ◽  
Sohnap James Sambo ◽  
Ochuko Orakpoghenor
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Feed Deprivation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The aim of this study was to evaluate serum liver enzymes’ activities and hepatic histoarchitecture in partially feed-deprived Clarias gariepinus (African Catfish). A total of forty-eight (48) active, live and apparently normal catfish randomly placed into two groups were used for this study. Fish in control group (labeled B) were fed with 4% of their body weight twice daily while fish in the feed-deprived group (labeled A) were fed with 25% of that quantity fed to the control group. Blood and liver samples were obtained at intervals of 7 days for 28 days for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and for histopathology respectively. Results revealed significantly higher (P < 0.05) values for ALT, AST and ALP in the feed-deprived group (A) compared to the control group (B). On histopathology, liver sections of feed-deprived fish showed lipid vacuolation and this became accentuated over the period and most prominent on day 28. The study has demonstrated that starvation in catfish produced liver damage reflected by increase in serum activities of these liver enzymes.

Exhaled Nitric Oxide (eNO) and Pulmonary Function after Total Body Irradiation (TBI) Based Non Myeloablative Conditioning Regimens and Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 5311-5311
Author(s):  
Luisa Giaccone ◽  
Caterina B. Bucca ◽  
Roberto Sorasio ◽  
Marcello Rotta ◽  
Gabriele Aitoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Lung Function Tests ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Group A ◽  
Conditioning Regimens ◽  
Group B

Abstract The introduction of non myeloablative/reduced intensity conditioning regimens for allografting has broadened the application of a potentially curative treatment to patients who, for age or medical controindications, could not tolerate conventional high dose preparative regimens. However, pulmonary causes account for a high percentage of post transplant complications. Between May 2001 and December 2004, lung function tests, methacholine inhalation challenge and eNO were evaluate pre transplant and then at 3, 6 and 12 months post allografting in 31/40 of patients affected by hematological malignancies and undergoing non myeloablative transplant at our Institution. Median age was 56 (23–64). Conditioning regimens consisted of fludarabine (90mg/m2 total) and low dose (200 cGy) TBI in 16 patients, TBI only in 14, and penthostatin + TBI in 1. Donors were matched-siblings in all but 4 patients whose donor was matched unrelated. Post-grafting immunosuppression consisted of oral cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil. Nine patients died within 6 months from transplant (group A); causes of death were pulmonary infection in 3, mesothelioma in 1, cerebral toxicity in 3, and progressive disease in 2. Nine died after 12 months from transplant (group B) from bronchiolites obliterans (BO), 1, lung cancer, 1, myocardial ischemia, 1, progressive disease, 4. The remaining 13 are alive (group C) after a median follow-up of 26 months (18–49 months). Patients in groupA were evaluated at baseline only. Overall, baseline rate of carbon monoxide uptake (KCO) was mildly decreased (median 65%, range 42–118%), but significantly lower when compared group A to group C (61% vs 72% p=0.01). A decline of KCO was also observed in group B. Table 1. KCO % Baseline 3 months 6 months 12 months * n=3 in group B; n=7 in group A Group A (range) 60 (45–69) - - - Group B (range) 62 (42–118) 56 (40–82) 55 (36–117) 67 (64–76) GroupC (range) 72 (51–105) 63 (29–65) 72 (61–123) 66 (45–123) Despite similar baseline values, at 6 months, there was evidence of higher eNO in group B when compared to group C (12 vs 31 ppb, p=0.02). Patients who received 2 or more lines of chemotherapy before allografting showed significant higher increases of eNO at 3 and 6 months post transplant: 12 vs 21 ppb (p=0.01) and 12 vs 37 ppb (p=0.0003), respectively. Co-morbidities, disease status, donor type, conditioning regimen and GVHD did not influence any of the parameters studied. BO developed in 2 patients who showed progressive worsening lung function tests and raising eNO. In summary, reduced KCO appeared to be associated with increased transplant related mortality. Previous heavy chemotherapy might predispose transplant patients to higher risk of tissue inflammation as suggested by increased eNO. Moreover, the clinical impact of elevated eNO should be further investigated as it might define a subset of patients at higher risk of pulmonary inflammation and lethal transplant related complications.

scholarly journals Swimming and Persons with Mild Persistant Asthma

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1182-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Arandelovic ◽  
Ivana Stankovic ◽  
Maja Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Mild Persistent Asthma ◽  
Group B

The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of recreational swimming on lung function and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in patients with mild persistent asthma. This study included 65 patients with mild persistent asthma, who were divided into two groups: experimental group A (n = 45) and control group B (n = 20). Patients from both groups were treated with low doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and short-acting β2 agonists salbutamol as needed. Our program for patients in group A was combined asthma education with swimming (twice a week on a 1-h basis for the following 6 months). At the end of the study, in Group A, we found a statistically significant increase of lung function parameters FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec) (3.55 vs. 3.65) (p < 0.01), FVC (forced vital capacity) (4.27 vs. 4.37) (p < 0.05), PEF (peak expiratory flow) (7.08 vs. 7.46) (p < 0.01), and statistically significant decrease of BHR (PD200.58 vs. 2.01) (p < 0.001). In Group B, there was a statistically significant improvement of FEV1 3.29 vs. 3.33 (p < 0.05) and although FVC, FEV1/FVC, and PEF were improved, it was not significant. When Groups A and B were compared at the end of the study, there was a statistically significant difference of FVC (4.01 vs. 4.37), FEV1 (3.33 vs. 3.55), PEF (6.79 vs.7.46), and variability (p <0.001), and statistically significantly decreased BHR in Group A (2.01 vs. 1.75) (p < 0.001). Engagement of patients with mild persistent asthma in recreational swimming in nonchlorinated pools, combined with regular medical treatment and education, leads to better improvement of their parameters of lung function and also to more significant decrease of their airway hyperresponsiveness compared to patients treated with traditional medicine

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF ORAL CHLOROQUINE WITH SYSTEMIC MEGLUMINE ANTIMONIATE IN TREATMENT OF CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-44
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Saad Farooq ◽  
Arfan Ul Bari ◽  
Tariq Mehmood Malik
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Meglumine Antimoniate ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To compare the efficacy of oral chloroquine with systemic meglumine antimoniate in treatment ofcutaneous leishmaniasis. Study Design: Open-label comparative prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in the department of Dermatology, Combined MilitaryHospital Multan, from Jan to Oct 2018. Methodology: Fifty adult male patients completed the study. The inclusion criteria for the study were patientshaving untreated skin lesions less than 3 months old. Diagnosis was made on the basis of history and clinicalfeatures and was confirmed on histopathological examination. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 25 each,group A patients received meglumine antimoniate 810mg intramuscularly once a day whereas group B patientswere given oral chloroquine 250mg twice a day. Pre-treatment complete physical examination was done alongwith blood complete picture, urine routine examination, liver function tests, renal function tests and electrocadiogram. They were repeated after 2 weeks and at the end of treatment. The efficacy was measured by healing of lesions with a measuring tape. Results: Fifty patients completed the study. At the end of treatment, among group A patients, 4 (16%) showedno improvement, 21 (84%) improved; whereas in group B patients, 11 (44%) showed no improvement, 14 (56%)showed improvement. Percentage reduction in surface area of skin lesions was 77.6% in group A, whereas ingroup B, it was 42.7%. Conclusion: Meglumine antimoniate showed better efficacy than chloroquine but oral chloroquine was alsoeffective and can be used as an alternative therapy.

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