scholarly journals Optimization of Biodiesel Production From Bakul Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kaniz Ferdous ◽  
M Rahim Uddin ◽  
M Rakib Uddin ◽  
Maksudur R Khan ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Press Method ◽  
Transesterification Method ◽  
Mimusops Elengi

In this paper, biodiesel production from Bakul oil (Mimusops Elengi) by three-step method and optimization were studied by the application of factorial design. Bakul Oil (BO) was extracted from Bakul seeds by press method and soxhlet extraction method. Bakul seed was collected from the local sources. The raw oil, containing 11.1 wt% Free Fatty Acid (FFA) and viscosity was 76.62 mm2/s. Because of higher FFA content of BO transesterification method can’t be applied, so three-step method was conducted for biodiesel production and optimization. In the three-step method, the first step was saponification of the oil followed by acidification to produce FFA and finally esterification of FFA to produce biodiesel. The reaction parameters in saponification, acidification and esterification reaction were optimized. Silica gel was used during esterification reaction to adsorb water produced in the reaction and silica gel to FFA ratio was 1:10 wt/wt. Hence the reaction rate was increased and finally the FFA was reduced to 0.70 wt%. A factorial design was studied for esterification reaction and developed to obtain the higher yield of biodiesel. Finally various properties of biodiesel such as FFA, viscosity, specific gravity, cetane index, pour point, flash point were measured and compared with biodiesel and petro-diesel standard.Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2017: 14-18

scholarly journals Optimization of Three-Step Method For Biodiesel Production From Waste Cook Oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Kaniz Ferdous ◽  
M Rakib Uddin ◽  
M Rahim Uddin ◽  
Maksudur R Khan ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Standard Methods

In this paper, production of biodiesel from Waste Cook Oil (WCO) by three-step method and optimization of the process were studied. The properties of raw oil were measured by standard methods. The raw oil containing 1.9 wt% Free Fatty Acid (FFA) and viscosity was 54.53 mm2/s. Biodiesel was prepared from WCO by three-step method. In the three-step method, the first step was saponification of the oil followed by acidification to produce FFA and finally esterification of FFA to produce biodiesel. The reaction parameters in saponification, acidification and esterification reaction were optimized. Silica gel was used during esterification reaction to adsorb water produced in the reaction and silica gel to FFA ratio was 1.5:10 wt/wt. Hence the reaction rate was increased and finally the FFA was reduced to 0.98 wt%. A factorial design was studied for esterification reaction to obtain the higher yield of biodiesel. Finally various properties of biodiesel such as FFA, viscosity, specific gravity, cetane index, pour point, flash point etc. were measured and compared with biodiesel and petro-diesel standard. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i2.17775 Journal of Chemical Engineering, IEB Vol. ChE. 27, No. 2, December 2012: 6-10

scholarly journals Preparation of Biodiesel From Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
M Rakib Uddin ◽  
Kaniz Ferdous ◽  
Sukanta Kumar Mondal ◽  
Maksudur R Khan ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Pongamia Pinnata ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Karanja Oil ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

Biodiesel is a biodegradable, sustainable and clean energy has worldwide attracted renewed and growing interest in topical years, chiefly due to development in biodiesel fuel and ecological pressures which include climatic changes. In this paper, karanja (pongamia pinnata) seed has been studied as a potential source for biodiesel preparation. Karanja oil is extracted from the seed by different methods. Oil properties have been measured by standard methods. Acid catalyzed transesterification, acid catalyzed two-step method and three-step method have been studied for biodiesel preparation from karanja oil. In the three-step method, the first step is saponification followed by acidification to produce free fatty acid (FFA) and finally esterification of FFA to produce biodiesel. In saponification, acidification and esterification reaction, the reaction parameters were optimized. Silica gel was used in both transesterification and esterification to adsorb water, produced in the reaction hence increase the reaction rate. Properties of biodiesel such as specific gravity, FFA, Viscosity, saponification value, iodine value, cloud point, pour point, flash point, cetane index, calorific value etc are measured and compared to conventional diesel fuel and standard biodiesel.Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2017: 24-28

Optimization of Energy Consumption in Acetic Acid and N-Butanol Esterification Reaction with Simultaneous Water Removal Using Novel Microcontroller Based Automated Reactor

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Amol A Bhusari ◽  
Bidyut Mazumdar ◽  
Ajit P Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Heat Of Reaction ◽  
Hot Air

This paper focuses on the optimization of energy consumption in esterification of acetic acid wherein the water removal is achieved by using silica gel desiccant in a microcontroller based automated reactor. Esterification reactions are endothermic hence, one can get more product, by increasing the temperature, thus disturbing the equilibrium. Heat of reaction (Hr) was estimated by using the heat capacity data and constants (C). Energy analysis and modelling was developed for the enhancement of process which is the key component of the systems. The mathematical model is validated by experimental results. In this paper, effect of parameters like desiccant weight, regeneration temperature and molar ratio on energy consumption are studied. Trends of energy effectiveness of several parameters are presented in the various regeneration temperatures and molar ratio and desiccant weight which confirmed the linear relationship with hot air flowrate. Decrease of 33% in power consumption was observed by decreasing the hot air flowrate by 10%.This is the conformity of validation of affinity law. The newly invented model was optimized for variables, hot air temperature, molar ratio and silica gel weight. The minimum energy consumption at 1 desirability was reported by software in the given range of parameters. When the hot air temperature, molar ratio and silica gel weight were 67.670C, 3 and 34.32 gm, then the minimum value of energy consumption was 29.59 Watt. Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2019) 46-57

scholarly journals Aphanamixis Polystachya: A Potential Non-Edible Source of Biodiesel in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaniz Ferdous ◽  
Anjan Deb ◽  
Jannatul Ferdous ◽  
M Rakib Uddin ◽  
Maksudur R Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Mechanical Press ◽  
Press Method

This paper represents an attempt that was made to prepare Biodiesel from a non-edible source, Aphanamixis Polystachya (Pitraj). Oil was extracted from the seed by mechanical press method. Various properties of raw oil such as viscosity, Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content, specific gravity, saponofication value etc. were measured by standard methods. FFA content of raw oil was found higher, so the acid catalysed two step method, acid catalysed esterification followed by base catalysed transesterification, was studied. Various reaction parameters such as oil to methanol ratio, catalyst wt%, reaction time and temperature were optimized for both esterification and transesterification reaction. 1H NMR of prepared biodiesel and raw oil was studied which confirms the conversion of oil to biodiesel. Finally, the various properties of produced Biodiesel, such as viscosity, FFA, specific gravity, iodine value, cetane index, calorific value etc. were measured and compared with biodiesel and petro-diesel standards. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v28i1.18111 Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 28, No. 1, December 2013: 45-49

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Microalgae by Extraction – Transesterification Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Tin ◽  
Bui Xuan Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Transesterification Method

scholarly journals Effects of Feedstock and Catalyst Concentration on Biodiesel Production

2012 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Norzita Ngadi ◽  
Hajar Alias ◽  
Siti Aktar Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Heat Of Combustion ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Soap Content ◽  
Soybean Oils ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Transesterification Method

In this study, production of biodiesel from new and used palm and soybean oils was carried out using a transesterification method. The effect of catalyst amount used towards the percentage yield, soap content and heat of combustion of the biodiesel produced was investigated. The soap content and heat combustion of the biodiesel were determined using titration (AOCS Cc-95) and heat calorimeter bomb (ASTM D240-09), respectively. The results showed that catalyst concentration of 0.5 w/w% gave the best result in terms of yield of biodiesel produced from both palm and soybean oils. However, the quality of biodiesel (i.e. soap content and heat of combustion) produced from palm and soybean oils behaved differently towards catalyst concentration. Overall, both oils (palm and soybean), either new or used oil apparently showed no significant difference in term of yield or qualities of biodiesel produced. This indicates that the used oil has high potential as an economical and practical future source of biodiesel.

Effect of Silicon Carbide Susceptor and Nickel Catalyst Content on Microwave Enhanced Thermal Conversion of Glycerol Waste

2010 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Yotwadee Hawangchu ◽  
Duangduen Atong ◽  
Viboon Sricharoenchaikul
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Nickel Catalyst ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Spent Catalyst ◽  
Catalyst Content ◽  
Transesterification Method

Glycerol waste is by-product from the manufacturing of biodiesel by transesterification method containing impurities such as fatty acid, alcohol, spent catalyst, soap and water. Conversion of this waste to value added fuel products would not only improve economic of biodiesel production but also reduce environmental impact from this process. In this work, thermal conversion of glycerol waste by microwave that induced the heat required for initiating the reaction was carried out in a fixed bed quartz reactor using silicon carbide as the bed medium for microwave receptor as well as supporter for nickel catalyst. For non-catalytic reaction at 220W (700°C), carbon and hydrogen conversions were 22.89% and 19.59%, respectively. Gas production was 0.12 L/min syngas, 0.07 L/min H2, 0.82 MJ/m3 of LHV, and 1.27 H2/CO. In catalytic test, the highest syngas, H2, and LHV of 0.41 L/min, 0.23 L/min, and 9.18 MJ/m3, respectively, were obtained from 1%Ni/SiC while the highest H2/CO of 2.72 was obtained from 0.5%Ni/SiC. The 1%Ni/SiC test also resulted in the highest conversion of carbon and hydrogen as much as 79.50% and 83.26%, respectively. For comparison between fresh and regenerated catalysts, it was found that fresh catalyst performed significantly better that regenerated one in term of higher total conversion which may due to sodium deposition on spent catalyst surface.

Preparation of Ni Loaded on Zeolite and its Application for Conversion of Glycerol to Hydrogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 457-461
Author(s):  
Ramli Mat ◽  
Junaidah Buhari ◽  
Mahadhir Mohamed ◽  
Anwar Johari ◽  
Tuan Amran Tuan Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Reactor Temperature

Glycerol is the main by-product of biodiesel production and during the trans-esterification reaction, about 10 wt % of glycerol is produced. In this study, different amount of Ni was loaded on HZSM-5 and tested for the conversion of glycerol to hydrogen. The studies were also conducted at different reactor temperature of 450, 500, 550, 600 and 650°C respectively. The structural characterization of the catalyst was carried out using the XRD. It was found that, the addition of 15 wt % of nickel loaded on HZSM-5 shows the highest glycerol conversion of 98.54%. In addition, it produces the highest yield of hydrogen gas operated at reactor temperature of 600°C.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Castor Oil and Its Application in Diesel Engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ismail ◽  
S. A Abu ◽  
R Rezaur ◽  
H Sinin
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Transesterification Method ◽  
Optimum Production

In this study, the optimum biodiesel conversion from crude castor oil to castor biodiesel (CB) through transesterification method was investigated. The base catalyzed transesterification under different reactant proportion such as the molar ratio of alcohol to oil and mass ratio of catalyst to oil was studied for optimum production of castor biodiesel. The optimum condition for base catalyzed transesterification of castor oil was determined to be 1:4.5 of oil to methanol ratio and 0.005:1 of potassium hydroxide to oil ratio. The fuel properties of the produced CB such as the calorific value, flash point and density were analyzed and compared to conventional diesel. Diesel engine performance and emission test on different CB blends proved that CB was suitable to be used as diesel blends. CB was also proved to have lower emission compared to conventional diesel.

scholarly journals USED FRYING OIL BIODIESEL PRODUCTION: EXPERIMENTAL FACTORIAL DESIGN AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS

Tecno-Lógica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Rosana De Cassia de Souza Schneider ◽  
Robson Mocellin ◽  
Marcos Moura Da Trindade ◽  
Luciano Roni Silva Lara ◽  
Marco Flores Ferrão
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Used Frying Oil

RESUMO: Biodiesel é derivado de fontes renováveis e reduz significativamente as emissões atmosféricas. Pode ser obtido de diversos processos, como a alcoolise. Neste trabalho, o biodiesel foi produzido através da alcoolise do óleo de fritura usado de indústrias de alimentação. Um planejamento experimental foi utilizado e os produtos de reação foram analisados por cromatografia gasosa (CG) espectroscopia na região do infravermelho com acessório de reflexão total atenuada horizontal (IV-HATR) e análise exploratória por análise de componentes principais (PCA) e análise hierárquica de grupos (HCA). De acordo com as condições analisadas obteve-se alta conversão em ésteres metílicos. Por IV-HATR, a conversão máxima foi observada em condições experimentais de temperatura ( 50 e 60°C), concentração de catalisador (0,6 e 1,2%) e a 1:8 de relação molar entre óleo e metanol. Também foi possível discriminar por análise quimiométrica, 4 grupos no planejamento experimental e determinar as melhores condições para a produção de biodiesel de óleo de fritura usado.

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