scholarly journals Study of an arsenic metabolizing bacteria from arsenic contaminated soil of Chandpur district, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Roksana Khanam ◽  
Ripa Moni ◽  
Md Zahidul Islam ◽  
Md Morsaline Billah ◽  
Umme Salma Zohora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Yeast Extract Mannitol ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis

Arsenic is a toxic metal found as inorganic oxyanion arsenate As(V) and arsenite As (III) species. The disposal of toxic heavy metals such as arsenic poses high risk to environment. The present study was undertaken to isolate arsenic-metabolizing bacteria from arsenic contaminated soil of Chandpur district, which is one of the most arsenic contaminated area in Bangladesh and later these bacteria were screened for their ability to metabolize arsenate. Out of ninety eight isolates, ten were found to be capable of metabolizing arsenic in Yeast Extract Mannitol (YEM) medium containing 2 mM arsenate at 37ºC. One of the bacterial isolates designated as I-25 was found to produce an extracellular enzyme which can reduce As(V) into As(III) and able to grow in presence of up to 500 mM arsenate. Subsequent molecular identification of this enzyme producing bacterial isolate using 16s rRNA sequence analysis was correlated with previously identified isolate as Bacillus aryabhatti. Further characterization of the enzyme showed that optimum pH of the extracellular enzyme by the bacterial species was 7 and optimum temperature for the enzyme activity was 60ºC. The bacterial isolates can be exploited for the study of possible bioremediation of arsenic contamination. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 8(1): 57-65, 2019 (June)

scholarly journals Characterization of multiple metal resistant Bacillus licheniformis and its potential use in arsenic contaminated industrial wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Sher ◽  
Sikander Sultan ◽  
Abdul Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Oxidation Potential ◽  
Optimum Growth ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Optimum Growth Temperature ◽  
Potential Use

AbstractIn the present study, the arsenic bioremediation ability of Bacillus licheniformis (dubbed as A6) was determined. The strain was isolated from metal polluted wastewater and was identified on the basis of 16S rRNA sequence homology with accession number of KX 785,171. The bacterium showed resistance against multiple toxic heavy metals, and MIC against arsenic was 3000 µg/ml. Resistance of the bacterium against other toxic metal ions was 3000 µg/ml (Cr), 50 µg/ml (Hg), 1000 µg/ml (Mn), 4000 µg/ml (Se), 500 µg/ml (Pb), 100 µg/ml (Co), 70 µg/ml (Cd) and 100 µg/ml (Zn). The optimum growth temperature was 37 °C while pH was 7. The strain also showed resistance against commonly used antibiotics except ceftriaxone 30 µg and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (2:1) 3 µg. B. licheniformis could oxidize arsenite into arsenate 86 and 98% after 48 and 96 h from the medium at optimum growth conditions. Due to its high oxidation potential, B. licheniformis can be used in the biological treatment of wastewater containing arsenic.

scholarly journals Screening of ?-amylase producing bacteria from tannery wastes of Hazaribag, Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Md Rayhan Islam ◽  
Omit Kumer Mondol ◽  
Md Saimoon Rahman ◽  
Md Morsaline Billah ◽  
Mohammad Shahedur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Tannery Wastes ◽  
Simple Sugar

Alpha amylases (?-amylases) are one of the most imperative enzymes for producing simple sugar units from complex sugar molecules. Attempts were made to isolate amylolytic bacterial strains from soil samples of tannery wastes collected from Hazaribagh, Dhaka and subsequent partial characterization was performed. Bacterial isolates were primarily screened for ?- amylase activity on starch agar medium. Based on microscopic and biochemical properties of isolates, ?-amylase activity of bacterial isolates were determined to find out two best producers of the enzyme. Subsequent molecular identification of these two ?-amylase producing bacterial isolates using 16s rRNA sequence analysis showed that isolates were Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and B. subtilis respectively. In submerged fermentation the B. amyloliquefaciens showed the highest activity (2.13 U/ml) while B. subtilis showed the second highest activity (1.89 U/ml). Characterization of the enzyme produced by B. amyloliquefaciens revealed that the maximum activity demonstrated at incubation time 25 min, pH 7.0 and temperature 500C. This newly isolated B. amyloliquefaciens could be exploited for the industrial production of ?-amylase with commercial implications.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 5(2): 1-10, 2016 (December)

Isolation and characterization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the rhizospheric soil of Ponthenpuzha forest, Pathanamthitta (District), Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Kannan Abhirami ◽  
K. Jayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Level Identification

Phosphorous is considered as a major parameter for crop yield. Its availability to plant is independent of its abundance. For the plants to utilize phosphorous, it is to be converted to absorbable form. Here, the part rendered by phosphate solubilizing bacteria is significant for it plays a crucial role in the formation of plant usable phosphate from organic forms. In the present work, an effort had been made to isolate and identify phosphate solubilising bacterial isolate from the rhizhospheric soils of various plants in Ponthenpuzha forest. One of the isolate from Cymbopogon citrates responded positively to Pikovskaya’s medium by producing a halo zone during in vitro culture. Colony features and 16S rRNA sequence analysis identified the isolate as Burkholderia sps. We have reported the presence of genus Burkholderia in the rhizospheric zone of Cymbopogon citratus. Further studies are warranted for species level identification of the isolate.

The effects of Pantoea sp. strain Y4-4 on alfalfa in the remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soil, and auxiliary impacts of plant residues on the remediation of saline–alkali soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhuan Li ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Nanxiong Gao ◽  
Lizhu Liu ◽  
Yahua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Safe Strategy ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis

The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) Y4-4 was isolated from plant rhizosphere soil and identified as Pantoea sp. by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The effects of strain Y4-4 on alfalfa grown in heavy-metals-contaminated soil was investigated using a pot experiment. In a Cu-rich environment, the shoot dry mass and total dry mass of plants inoculated with strain Y4-4 increased by 22.6% and 21%, and Cu accumulation increased by 15%. In a Pb–Zn-rich environment, the shoot dry mass and total dry mass of plants inoculated with strain Y4-4 increased by 23.4% and 22%, and Zn accumulation increased by 30.3%. In addition, the salt tolerance and biomass of wheat seedlings could be improved by applying strain Y4-4 mixed with plant residue as a result of the Cu-rich plant residues providing copper nutrition to wheat. This study offers an efficient PGPR with strong salt tolerance and a safe strategy for the post-treatment of plant residue.

scholarly journals Isolation and molecular characterization of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida associated with pneumonia of goats in Chhattisgarh

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Rawat ◽  
Varsha Rani Gilhare ◽  
Krishna Kumar Kushwaha ◽  
Deeksha Dipak Hattimare ◽  
Foziya Farzeen Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gene Detection ◽  
Rrna Sequence ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pneumonic Pasteurellosis ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis

Aim: The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize the Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida from blood, nasal discharge, and lung tissue of pneumonic goats. Materials and Methods: A total of 14 goats were investigated for pneumonic pasteurellosis. Of 14 goats, nasal swabs and blood samples were collected from 10 clinically diseased animals. Moreover, lung tissue and heart blood samples were collected during necropsy of four goats died with pneumonia. All the samples were processed for the isolation of M. haemolytica and P. multocida in the laboratory. Bacterial isolates were identified by cultural and biochemical characters and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. All the isolates were subjected to susceptibility testing using commonly used antimicrobials. M. haemolytica isolates were characterized by PHSSA gene detection. P. multocida isolates were characterized by KMT1 gene detection and capsule typing. Results: On necropsy of dead goats, the pneumonia was characterized as acute fibrinous bronchopneumonia. Bacterial culture revealed the isolation of M. haemolytica (7) and P. multocida (5) of 10 clinical cases. Moreover, M. haemolytica and P. multocida were coisolated from two of the lung tissues. Furthermore, one of the other two lung tissues showed the isolation of M. haemolytica while the other showed recovery of P. multocida. Bacterial isolates were specifically identified by the 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The isolates showed reduced susceptibility to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones . Moreover, the PHSSA and KMT1 genes were specifically detected among M. haemolytica, and P. multocida isolates, respectively. All P. multocida isolates belonged to serogroup A. Conclusion: The present study reported an occurrence of pneumonic pasteurellosis caused by M. haemolytica and P. multocida in a goat flock.

Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Enzyme (Glutaminase and Urease) producing Bacteria isolated from Soil Samples of Different Regions of Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Shuchi Kaushik ◽  
Rajesh Singh Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
Biochemical Testing ◽  
Industrial Level

Microbial glutaminase and urease have demonstrated their benefits in various fields like medicinal, pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries. Keeping this viewpoint, the aim of the present study was the isolation and characterization of extracellular enzyme-producing bacteria from soil samples collected from different regions of Gwalior (M.P.). The isolated bacterial cultures were processed by serial dilution method and maintained on nutrient agar medium following standard microbiological laboratory practices for maintenance and preservation of bacteria. We screened out three enzyme producing strains of Salmonella sp., Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis. The screening was based on biochemical testing and enzyme assays. To accomplish this work, we used differential as well as selective media. All the selected isolates were able to produce enzymes like L-Glutaminase and Urease with different specific enzymatic activity. These bacterial isolates were not reported to show any type of allergenicity when their sequences were checked by bioinformatics tool Algpred. So, these bacterial isolates can be considered as an alternative source for the production of enzymes and can be used for largescale production of enzymes at the industrial level.

scholarly journals Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus sp. nov., a novel 4-nitroguaiacol-degrading actinobacterium

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 773-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kotoučková ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
Eva Durnová ◽  
Cathrin Spröer ◽  
Ivo Sedláček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Nitroaromatic Compounds ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Rrna Sequence ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Arthrobacter Aurescens ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis

Three bacterial isolates from soil, capable of degradation or transformation of nitroaromatic compounds and displaying a rod–coccus growth cycle, were studied by a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA sequence analysis and of chemotaxonomic characteristics, such as type A3α peptidoglycan with an interpeptide bridge Ala–Thr–Ala, the major menaquinone MK-9(H2) and fatty acid composition, the isolates were assigned to the genus Arthrobacter. DNA–DNA hybridization, riboprinting and phenotypic studies revealed that the three strains constitute a single species, distinct from phylogenetically neighbouring Arthrobacter aurescens and Arthrobacter ilicis. A novel species, Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus sp. nov., with the type strain G2-1T (=CCM 4924T=DSM 15232T) is proposed.

scholarly journals Prospecting for Novel Biocatalysts in a Soil Metagenome

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 6235-6242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Voget ◽  
C. Leggewie ◽  
A. Uesbeck ◽  
C. Raasch ◽  
K.-E. Jaeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type I ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Gene Duplications ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Pectate Lyases ◽  
Dna Libraries ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Encoding Genes

ABSTRACT The metagenomes of complex microbial communities are rich sources of novel biocatalysts. We exploited the metagenome of a mixed microbial population for isolation of more than 15 different genes encoding novel biocatalysts by using a combined cultivation and direct cloning strategy. A 16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed the presence of hitherto uncultured microbes closely related to the genera Pseudomonas, Agrobacterium, Xanthomonas, Microbulbifer, and Janthinobacterium. Total genomic DNA from this bacterial community was used to construct cosmid DNA libraries, which were functionally searched for novel enzymes of biotechnological value. Our searches in combination with cosmid sequencing resulted in identification of four clones encoding 12 putative agarase genes, most of which were organized in clusters consisting of two or three genes. Interestingly, nine of these agarase genes probably originated from gene duplications. Furthermore, we identified by DNA sequencing several other biocatalyst-encoding genes, including genes encoding a putative stereoselective amidase (amiA), two cellulases (gnuB and uvs080), an α-amylase (amyA), a 1,4-α-glucan branching enzyme (amyB), and two pectate lyases (pelA and uvs119). Also, a conserved cluster of two lipase genes was identified, which was linked to genes encoding a type I secretion system. The novel gene aguB was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the enzyme activities were determined. Finally, we describe more than 162 kb of DNA sequence that provides a strong platform for further characterization of this microbial consortium.

scholarly journals Mucispirillum schaedleri gen. nov., sp. nov., a spiral-shaped bacterium colonizing the mucus layer of the gastrointestinal tract of laboratory rodents

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1199-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn R. Robertson ◽  
Jani L. O'Rourke ◽  
Brett A. Neilan ◽  
Peter Vandamme ◽  
Stephen L. W. On ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Laboratory Rodents ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
High Level

The mammalian gastrointestinal tract is covered by a layer of mucus that can harbour a range of bacterial species specifically adapted to colonize this ecological niche. Examination of 110 bacterial isolates cultivated from the gastrointestinal tract of 23 mice revealed the presence of a subgroup of 30 isolates that did not correspond genetically with genera commonly associated with this site, i.e. members of the ε-Proteobacteria such as Helicobacter and Campylobacter species. Instead this group of isolates was found to lie within the phylum Deferribacteres, a completely distinct lineage in the domain Bacteria. There was a high level of consensus in results obtained from the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of a number of the isolates, which showed they were distinct from other members of the Deferribacteres. As such, they are proposed to constitute a new genus and species, Mucispirillum schaedleri gen. nov., sp. nov. These organisms are anaerobic, Gram-negative, spiral-shaped rods with bipolar flagella. The type strain is HRI I17T (=ATCC BAA-1009T=ACM 5223T).

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