scholarly journals Physicochemical and bacteriological screening of pathogenic microorganisms from aquarium water collected from katabon area in Dhaka city

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Jannatul Mawa ◽  
Saurab Kishore Munshi ◽  
Amatun Nur Mou ◽  
Ifra Tun Nur
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Aquatic Animal ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Aquarium Water ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Aquaculture Water

Globally, the ornamental fish business has a high demand for its popularity as well as for its profitability. However, microbial contamination, nutrient depletion and accumulation of organic materials are the major factors in an aquafarming system which can cause death of aquatic animal and causes financial losses. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical and microbiological quality of fish aquarium water. Water of different time interval after treatment (7 days, 20 days, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days) were taken from the different aquariums. A set of physicochemical parameters such as temperature, transparency, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, total hardness, conductivity were found within the approved standard concentration for fish. The present study also reveals the microbiological status of the aquaculture water where the total viable count ranging from 2.20×104 to 4.20×104 cfu/ml. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., and Pseudomonas spp. were present in all samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were also done to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of microbes isolated from aquarium water. Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.11 (1) 2021: 20-23

scholarly journals Bacteriological Screening of Paediatric Cough Syrups Marketed Within Port Harcourt Metropolis, South-South Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. E. Ibezim ◽  
C. N. Nwosu ◽  
H. I. Ogbu
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Good Manufacturing Practice ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Post Marketing Surveillance ◽  
Cough Syrup

Non-adherence to good manufacturing practice alongside improper handling during dispensing, packaging and inadequate post-marketing surveillance of pharmaceutical products accounts to product’s deterioration reduced therapeutic effect and adversely affects patient’s safety especially the paediatrics. This study evaluates the microbiological quality of various brands of paediatric cough syrups marketed and used within Port Harcourt metropolis. Twenty cough syrup brands were experimented on in duplicate, coded as USS and UNS (used and unused respectively). They were subjected to organoleptic assessment, pH, viscosity, total aerobic viable count, as well as resistance- susceptibility test of isolates using standard conventional techniques. Results showed viscosity value of 0.22 - 9.09 Pascal seconds (Pa.s), pH values of 3.13 - 8.34 across the UNS and USS categories respectively. While 80% of the UNS cough syrup samples were free from potential microbial threat, 20% fraction and all USS cough syrup (100%) samples were contaminated with objectionable microorganisms and non- compliant with USP permissible limit. The potentially pathogenic isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia, demonstrating varied resistance pattern to exposed antibiotic categories. Microbial contamination might have been caused by poor quality control and improper handling of the products during use. This calls for more stringent measures during product manufacturing and handling to ensure patient’s safety and forestall possible transference of resistance strain.

scholarly journals Characterization of Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Present in Fresh Leafy & Salad Vegetables in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1322-1327
Author(s):  
Shahrin Akter Aurin ◽  
Sohana Parvin Chowdhury ◽  
Maruf Abony ◽  
Jarin Rifa ◽  
Avijit Banik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Global Health Research ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Salad Vegetables

This study was conducted to determine the microbiological quality of fresh raw and unwashed leafy and salad vegetables in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Six different types of samples (red amaranth, spinach, carrot, radish, tomato, and cucumber) were collected in pre-sterilized zip-lock bags from various local markets in Dhaka. All samples were transported to the Centre of Excellence for Global Health Research Laboratory of Primeasia University at earliest convenience. Samples were enriched in Nutrient Broth media and were then cultured on selective media for isolation purpose. Serial dilution was performed for the total viable count. Biochemical and carbohydrate profiling was conducted for the presumptive identification of the isolates. Commercial antibiotic discs were used for antibiogram by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar medium. The total microbial load ranged from 8x107 to 1.70x108. Total 36 isolates were identified, having 7 differentorganisms. The most predominant organism was Vibrio sp. (23%) followed by Klebsiella sp.(20%), Acinetobacter sp. (19%), Pseudomonas sp. (19%), Salmonella sp. (8%), Moraxella sp.(8%) and Escherichia coli (3%). 11% of the Vibrio sp. isolates were V. cholerae, found from 4 samples. No presence of V. cholerae was observed in the tomatosamples. E. coli was observed only in Carrot sample. Antibiotics from 7 different groups were tested against the organisms among which Imipenem showed the highest sensitivity (86%). Following Ceftriaxone (100%), Nitrofurantoin (94%), Erythromycin (89%) and Amoxicillin (83%) had the highest resistance against the isolated organisms. Moreover, most of the isolates showed a multi-drug resistance pattern where they were resistant to at least four drugs. Prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in raw unwashed vegetables can cause potential adverse health effects and therefore the consumers need to be conscious about the matter.

scholarly journals Assessment of the microbiological quality of popular food items on sale in secondary school canteens of Mauritius

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayawatee Goburdhun ◽  
Mahima D. Beeharry ◽  
Keshnee Reega ◽  
Arvind Ruggoo ◽  
Hudaa Neetoo
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Level ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
Composite Samples

This study was carried out to assess the microbiological status of three hot meals served in eight selected school canteens of Mauritius, with two schools randomly selected from each of the four school zones of the island. Three individual samples of farata, panini, or fried noodles were collected at each school during two independent visits. The three individual samples of each food type collected during each visit were then pooled before being subjected to microbiological analyses. A total of 48 composite samples were analyzed. The parameters tested were Total Viable Count (TVC), Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria spp. The microbiological analyses revealed that paninis were deemed as generally acceptable with TVC falling in the range of 3.0-5.7 Log CFU/g and undetectable levels of S. aureus and E. coli. In contrast, fried noodles and faratas harboured a moderately high level of TVC (4.4-6.7 Log CFU/g) and objectionably high levels S. aureus (3.1 to 5.0 Log CFU/g) and E. coli (3.1-5.1 Log CFU/g) for seven out of the eight schools.

scholarly journals Microbiological Quality and Antibiogram Assessment of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Raw Salad Vegetable Samples of Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Rojan Poudel ◽  
Neha Gautam ◽  
Krishus Nepal ◽  
Binod Lekhak ◽  
Milan Kumar Upreti
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Salad Vegetables

Most typical salad vegetables include carrots, cabbages, lettuces, bell peppers, cucumber, onions, tomatoes, coriander and radishes. The aim of this research was to study the microbiological quality of salad vegetables and perform antibiotic susceptibility of isolates. In this study, total viable count, total coliform count and yeast, mold count were calculated as CFU/ml within sample type and according to various sample sources. Total percentage of isolated bacteria and molds were calculated. Antibiotic sensitivity test of isolated bacteria was carried out by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI 2017 guideline. Average microbial count was ≤ 107 CFU/ml for all sample types. So, it revealed that the vast majority of samples failed to comply with international standards i.e. ≤104 CFU/ml. Total 172 isolates from raw salad vegetable Escherichia coli 14 (70%), K. pneumoniae 12 (60%) and P. aeruginosa 15 (75%) were found to be predominant. Whereas, Trichoderma spp 4 (20%) were most predominant amongst mold. Highest resistivity was against Amoxicillin/ Clavulanic acid and most sensitivity was against Gentamicin followed by Ciprofloxacin and Chloramphenicol. This study showed that raw salad vegetable samples were heavily contaminated and the antimicrobial resistance pattern shown by the isolates is an indication that adequate measure need be taken to regulate drug use in both humans and animals in order to minimize the risk of increasing antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals Effect of Watermelon Rind (Citrullus lanatus) Addition on the Functional, Pasting and Microbiological Quality of Sorghum Based Mumu

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Gbaa ◽  
Samuel A. Ahemen ◽  
Christiana O. Ameh
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Pasting Properties ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Sorghum Flour ◽  
Watermelon Rind ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Pasting Temperature ◽  
Powder Addition

The effect of watermelon rind powder addition on the functional, pasting and microbiological quality of Sorghum based mumu was evaluated. Sorghum-based mumu was prepared from composite flours of 85:15, 75:15, 70:15 and 65:15% roasted sorghum flour and roasted partially defatted groundnut flour respectively and included with 0, 10, 15 and 20% watermelon rind powder respectively which were known as sample A, B, C and D accordingly. Subsequently, the functional, pasting properties and microbial quality was assessed. Functional properties values; Bulk density (0.89 to 0.80mg/100g), reconstitution index (4.99 to 4.89) and swelling index (2.35 to 2.20) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increase in watermelon powder addition while water absorption (10.36 to 10.97g/g), oil absorption (10.33 to 10.79) and foam capacities (12.46 to 13.85%) increased with increase in watermelon rind powder.  The pasting properties; peak (302.22 to 292.44 RVU), trough (156.44 to 150.00 RVU) and Final viscosities (412.69 to 400.76RVU), and breakdown (149.95 to 140.59RVU) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increased in watermelon rind powder while setback viscosity (101.05 to 115.59RVU), pasting temperature (59.32 to 62.02oC) and pasting time (4.93 to 5.13mins) increased. Microbial analysis revealed the following ranges: Total viable count, 0.5x102 to1.0x102 cfu/g, fungi count of 6.1x101- 9.9x101 cfu/g and no coliform was detected. Overall, addition of watermelon rind powder showed good functional, pasting and microbiological qualities of sorghum based mumu.

scholarly journals Pathogenic and Drug Resistant Bacteria in Raw Milk of Jessore City: A Potential Food Safety Threat

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
UT Tasnim ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Milk is such a food which can meet almost all nutritional needs of human lives. Raw or unprocessed milk supports the growth of wide variety of microorganisms. The major interests of this study were examining the microbial quality of raw milk collected from different locations of Jessore city in Bangladesh and determining antibiotic susceptibility pattern of some isolated bacteria. To do so, 12 raw milk samples were collected from different areas of Jessore city. Microbial analysis comprised of enumeration of TVC (total viable count), TCC (total coliform count) and TSC (total staphylococcal count). The highest TVC, TCC and TSC were 1.95x109 CFU/ml, 2.5x107 CFU/ml and 1.02x107 CFU/ml respectively. Prevalent bacterial populations were Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Shigella spp. Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp. In order to observe the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, the antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for some randomly selected isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. More than 90% isolates of Klebsiella spp. were found to be resistant against Erythromycin whereas more than 90% isolates were sensitive against Imipenem. On the other hand, 100% E. coli isolates were observed as resistant against Erythromycin and in case of Trimethopreme 100% isolates were sensitive. Multidrug resistance pattern was also found. These results suggest the necessity of hygienic practices during handling, processing and post-processing of raw milk to improve the microbiological quality and safety of raw milk.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23723Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 71-78

Microbiological Changes in Pressurized, Prepackaged Sliced Cooked Ham

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1411-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. LÓPEZ-CABALLERO ◽  
J. CARBALLO ◽  
F. JIMÉNEZ-COLMENERO
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Water Binding ◽  
Chilled Storage ◽  
Cooked Ham ◽  
Brochothrix Thermosphacta

This was a study of the influence of high-pressure conditions (200 and 400 MPa, 5 and 20 min, 7°C) on microbiological quality and water-binding properties of vacuum-prepackaged sliced cooked ham and how this affects microbiological changes during chilled storage (2°C). Pressurization caused a degree of microbiological inactivation, which increased with pressure level and processing time. Pressurization at 400 MPa significantly reduced the total viable count and lactic acid bacteria to the extent that after 20 min no Enterobacteriaceae, Baird Parker flora, or Brochothrix thermosphacta were detected throughout any of the chilled storage periods studied. In general, gram-positive flora was more resistant to pressure than gram-negative flora. The fact that high pressure (400 MPa) causes considerable inactivation of microorganisms could be used to prolong the shelf life of vacuum-prepackaged sliced cooked ham.

scholarly journals Physical and microbial qualities of raw milk collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University dairy farm and the surrounding villages

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
MTG Khan ◽  
MA Zinnah ◽  
MP Siddique ◽  
MHA Rashid ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Milk Samples

The present study was undertaken with the aim of investigating the physical parameters (e.g. organoleptic and specific gravity of raw milk) and also to study the microbiological quality of raw milk (total viable count, Coliform count and Staphylococcal count) from different villages and Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Dairy Farm of Mymensingh District of Bangladesh, during the period from July to November 2007. A total number of 100 raw milk samples were collected at morning and evening from BAU dairy farm and surrounding four villages of BAU campus. The organoleptic and bacteriological qualities of each sample were analyzed. The organoleptic examination included taste panel score to assess consumer's acceptance and the bacteriological analysis comprised enumeration of total viable count (TVC), total colifrom count (TCC) and total staphylococcal count (TSC) for the determination of sanitary quality. The organoleptic quality of the milk samples is more or less same except the Churkhai milk samples which had flat taste (in 16% milk sample). The average values of TVC/ml were log 5.920, 5.934, 6.007, 6.075 and 6.127 for BAU Dairy Farm, Boira, Shutiakhali, Churkahai and Paglabazar respectively; coliform count were log 2.501, 2.522, 2.550, 2.620 and 2.619 respectively; staphylococcal count were log 2.832, 2.812, 2.866, 2.931 and 2.988 respectively. So, it may be concluded that the raw milk samples of BAU Dairy Farm were superior to others collected from the selected villages which may be due to maintaining better hygienic condition. Key words: Raw milk, physical and microbial quality   doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2339 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 217-221

scholarly journals Assessment of bacterial load of poultry meat used at dining hall of Bangladesh Agricultural University campus

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Hossain ◽  
Nazmul Hoda ◽  
Mohammad Jobayer Hossen ◽  
M Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Syed Mohammad Ehsanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Sanitary Condition

The present study was undertaken to investigate the microbiological quality of poultry meat used in different hall of Bangladesh Agricultural University campus. Sanitary condition of dining hall was assessed by using a standard questionnaire. Thirty samples were collected from Isha Khan hall, Fazlul Haque hall and Taposhi Rabeya hall. Microbial load was determined by total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (TCC) and total salmonella count (TSC). Samples were inoculated into various selective media such as plate count (PCA) agar, xylose lysine deoxycholate Agar (XLDA) and MacConkey agar (MCA). It is found that the age of maximum workers (53%) is between 25-35 years. Educational level of dining workers are in same frequency of illiterate and below class eight. Only 6.7% are SSC passed. Most of dining workers have no knowledge on hygienic practices. 43.3% partially know about hygienic practices and 3.3% have no knowledge. Sanitary condition of dining hall is not satisfactory. Only 3.3% disinfectants are used in dining hall. There is no proper washing facilities. About 63.3% washing facilities are in medium level. Only E. coli and Salmonella spp. were isolated and identified from the samples. The mean value of TVC, TCC and TSC in broiler thigh meats of Isha Khan hall, Fazlul Haque hall and Taposhi Rabeya hall are log 5.65, log 5.77, log 6.06 CFU/g, log 3.26, 3.41, 3.42 CFU/g and log 2.95, log 2.92 log 2.97 CFU/g respectively. The variation of TVC in meats of different dining hall was significant (p<0.05) at 5% level of probability whereas TCC and TSC obtained from meat samples of different hall were not significant (p<0.05). Presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in meat must need particular attention as these organisms are responsible for causing harm to public health. Suggestions have been given to improve the present sanitary condition of dining hall to minimize bacterial load.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 9-16

scholarly journals Organisational Characteristics, Corporate Governance and Corporate Risk Disclosure: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Musa Uba Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Risk Disclosure ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Corporate Risk

Certain attributes of corporate governance behaviour have been identified in academic research as major factors correlating with corporate risk disclosure amongst listed companies. This is in spite of the fact, however, that much of the empirical research in the area reveals mixed results. This study analyses corporate risk disclosure practice involving listed companies and investigates whether such diverse results are attributable to regulation, jurisdiction, operating industry, business environment, or the methodologies employed. We use risk disclosure, corporate governance and organisational characteristics keywords to search the relevant studies on which 46 empirical research papers were sampled, and employ a meta-analysis procedure to evaluate the findings of the previous empirical research. Our analyses reveal that firm size is the major organisational-specific characteristic affected by moderators, and board size and institutional investors are the major corporate governance variables that affect moderators. On the analysis of the nature of disclosure, financial risk information is higher for companies operating in the banking sector, while operational risk disclosure is higher for non-financial companies. Additionally, the study finds that the data generating procedure, time interval, diversity of sample and size, and the statistical technique employed are among the major factors that influence discrepancies among the prior studies. Such variables complicate stakeholders’ effort to comprehend the main factors that influence companies to unveil their risks profile. We propose that the current data collection process is labour intensive and time consuming, and promote the selection of smaller sample sizes compared to most of the existing research. It may be the case that constraints can be overcome through research that employs an automated procedure for analysis of textual data.

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