scholarly journals Hereditary Spherocytosis in a 22 Month Old Child

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Mst Musarrat Sultana ◽  
Md Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Md Sanaul Haque Mia
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Hereditary Spherocytosis ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Negative Family History ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
History Of

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a familial hemolytic disorder with marked heterogeneity of clinical features, ranging from asymptomatic condition to a fulminant hemolytic anemia. Although a positive family history of spherocytosis increases the risk for this disorder, it may be sporadic in some case. A 22-month old girl was admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital with pallor and jaundice. Her parents gave history of repeated episodes of pallor and jaundice since 8 month of age with negative family history. Blood film showed plenty of spherocytes, reticulocytosis of 15.0%, negative direct antiglobulin test& positive osmotic fragility test. She was managed conservatively on nutritional supplements& one unit of blood transfusion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of hereditary spherocytosis from Rajshahi Medical College Hospital.TAJ 2017; 30(2): 79-82

scholarly journals Study of risk factors and its correlation with constraint induced movement therapy for atherosclerosis in patients of coronary artery disease and their offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Venugopal Margekar ◽  
Shweta Thakur ◽  
O. P. Jatav ◽  
Pankaj Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Constraint Induced Movement Therapy ◽  
Group Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: A significant percent of cardiovascular event occurs without well-known modifiable risk. A new tool for early identification for atherosclerosis is required for early intervention. Aims and objectives of the study was to study the risk factors for CAD and its correlation with CIMT.Methods: One hundred and forty subjects were studied for the risk factors of CAD in Department of Medicine of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior from 2012 to 2013. Out of 140 subjects, 100 were patients having CAD and 40 age matched subjects were included as control group. Data was also recorded from their offspring. High resolution B mode ultrasonography was performed to assess CIMT of carotid arteries. The maximum CIMT of any one side of carotid artery was taken for study.Results: CAD was more prevalent among males (78%). Majority of the offspring of cases had age between 28-42 years and majority were male (73%). Most common risk factors for CAD was dyslipidemia (48%), hypertension (24%), diabetes (12%) and smoking (21%), whereas in offspring’s of CAD patients, dyslipidemia was seen in 28%, hypertension in 3%, diabetes and tobacco smoking in 12% and 24% respectively. The CIMT of CAD patients was significantly increased with increasing the number of risk factors and the same pattern was also seen in controls.  The CIMT of asymptomatic offspring’s having positive family history was significantly more than the asymptomatic offspring without positive family history of CAD.Conclusions: CIMT measurements can be used as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis as it has showed a direct link with number of risk factors of CAD. 

Kinetics of Ca2(+)-ATPase activation in platelet membranes of essential hypertensives and normotensives

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (6) ◽  
pp. C988-C994 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Takaya ◽  
N. Lasker ◽  
R. Bamforth ◽  
M. Gutkin ◽  
L. H. Byrd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Activation Kinetics ◽  
Negative Family History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Blacks And Whites ◽  
Kinetics Of

To explore the etiology of altered Ca metabolism in essential hypertension, we studied parameters, i.e., maximal initial reaction velocity (Vmax) and Michaelis constant (Km), of Ca activation kinetics of Ca2(+)-ATPase in membrane fractions (isolated by a sucrose gradient) from platelets of blacks and whites, 27 of whom were essential hypertensives, 17 of whom were normotensives with a family history of essential hypertension, and 10 of whom were normotensives without a family history of the disease. The Vmax of hypertensives was significantly lower than in normotensives without a family history of essential hypertension (hypertensives, 14.99 +/- 1.71 nmol Pi.mg protein-1.min-1; normotensives, positive family history, 22.67 +/- 3.17 nmol Pi.mg protein-1.min-1; normotensives, negative family history, 27.54 +/- 4.37 nmol Pi.mg protein-1.min-1; overall, P = 0.0078). The Km was lower in both hypertensives and normotensives with a positive family history of essential hypertension as compared with normotensives with a negative family history of the disease (hypertensives, 1.70 +/- 0.23 microM; normotensives, positive family history, 1.38 +/- 0.2 microM; normotensives, negative family history, 2.79 +/- 0.58 microM; overall, P = 0.0251). Furthermore, the Km in whites was inversely related to plasma renin activity (r = 0.50; P less than 0.005). We propose that a lower Vmax for Ca2(+)-ATPase may play a role in the higher level of free Ca in platelets of essential hypertensives and that a higher affinity of the enzyme to Ca may reflect a process compensating for the lower Vmax. We also suggest that a higher Km for Ca2(+)-ATPase in juxtaglomerular cells of whites would result in blunting the release of renin.

scholarly journals Association between tuberculosis and bronchial asthma

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3566
Author(s):  
Kranti Garg ◽  
Jai Kishan Karahyla
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
History Of

Background: Everything that wheezes is not asthma. In patients of tuberculosis (TB), wheezing can be because of bronchial asthma, or many other causes. Asthma and other causes of wheezing need to be differentiated, as the treatment should be planned accordingly.Methods: Patients of active/quiescent tuberculosis who presented to Department of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India, with complaints of breathlessness and had rhonchi on examination were subjected to bronchodilator reversibility testing to prove if they were suffering from concomitant asthma. Patients thus found to have tuberculosis along with asthma were analyzed with respect to age, sex, rural urban differences and timing of diagnosis of either disease. Patients who developed asthma after tuberculosis were further analyzed for duration between completion of anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) and onset of asthma, family history of asthma and correlation of radiological manifestations and lung function measurements. Aim was to find association, if any, between tuberculosis and asthma.Results: Over 6 months, 69 patients of tuberculosis along with asthma were found. Only 21/69 (30.4%) patients developed tuberculosis after asthma. 48/69 (69.6%) patients developed asthma after tuberculosis. Majority (25/48=52.1%) of them developed asthma within 5 years of completion of ATT (p=0.020). Only 2/48 (2.9%) patients had a positive family history for asthma. Lung function abnormalities correlated with the extent of radiological involvement in these patients who developed asthma after tuberculosis (p ≤0.0001).Conclusions: Patients of active/quiescent tuberculosis who present with breathlessness and have rhonchi on examination should be treated for asthma only after confirmation of the diagnosis, as there can be other reasons for the same.

scholarly journals A clinical study of primary cutaneous localized amyloidosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Sahithi Chapalamadugu ◽  
A. Vijaymohan Rao
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
The Body ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Localized Amyloidosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Macular Amyloidosis

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Amyloidosis refers to abnormal extracellular tissue deposition of one of the biochemically unrelated proteins that share certain characteristic staining properties such as apple green birefringence of congo red stained preparations under polarized light. Amyloid deposition may occur in many organs of the body (systemic amyloidosis) or may be restricted to one tissue site (localized amyloidosis).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Observational study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore. In this study of 70 patients a complete history and clinical data was taken including details of presenting complaints, age, site, duration, course of the disease was recorded. Special importance was given to the friction history using different scrubs, family history and photo exposure.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 70 patients of cutaneous amyloidosis 55 patients (78.6%) were of macular amyloidosis. Male:female ratio was 1:2.3. Majority of the patients were housewives (42.8%) and 28.5% of agriculturists. Majority of the patients (40) with cutaneous amyloidosis had disease duration between 2-5 years. In 70 patients of cutaneous amyloidosis 64.3% were symptomatic. 92% patients give history of using scrub. 50% of patients had history of photo exposure. Positive family history was seen in 7 patients (10%) and most common site involved was extensor aspect of arm.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> From our study it can be concluded that cutaneous amyloidosis is more common among females, most patients are symptomatic, majority have history of using scrub and photo exposure and most common site involved is extensor aspect of arm.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Families with neurocutaneous syndromea - Report of two cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Radheshyam Saha ◽  
Reaz Mahmud ◽  
Mohammad Zaid Hossain ◽  
Prodip Kumar Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Medical College ◽  
First Case ◽  
Neurocutaneous Disorder ◽  
History Of

 CorrigendumThe Article "Families with neurocutaneous syndromea - Report of two Cases" was published in JDMC Vol.22(1) in April 2013. The name of one of the authors was written 'Prodip Kumar Sarker', which is to be read as 'Prodip Kumar Sarkar'. (4th August 2014)Neurocutaneus syndrome is inherited as autosomal dominant condition.Tuberous sclerosis is one of the important neurocutaneous disorder characterized by development of widespread hamartomatous lesions involving skin, brain, kidney, retina etc. Recently we came across two cases of tuberous sclerosis. Both cases presented with status epilepticus and had a positive family history but the first case also had family history of neurofibromatosis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15709 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No. 1, April, 2013, Page 102-107

scholarly journals Increasing Rate of a Positive Family History of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Pediatric IBD Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Ruban ◽  
Adam Slavick ◽  
Achiya Amir ◽  
Amir Ben-Tov ◽  
Hadar Moran-Lev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Biologic Therapy ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Negative Family History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

Abstract The role of a positive family history in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the era of biologic therapy has not been elucidated. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children with IBD and retrieved demographic and clinical characteristics, including the presence of a positive family history of IBD, IBD phenotype, disease course, and therapy. Overall, 325 children (age range at diagnosis 11-15 years) were included, of whom 82 (25.2%) had a positive family history. Children diagnosed during 2016-2020 had a higher frequency of positive family history compared to those diagnosed during 2010-2015 (31.8% versus 20.7%, respectively, p = 0.024). Children with a positive family history had a higher risk for a stricturing phenotype than those with a negative family history (11.3% versus 2.8%, respectively, p = 0.052). They more often received nutritional therapy (53.7% versus 36.6%, p = 0.007) and less often received corticosteroids (36.6% versus 52.7%, p = 0.012). More children with a negative family history needed intensification of biologic therapy (p = 0.041). Conclusion: The rate of a positive family history of IBD in the pediatric IBD population is increasing. A positive family history may have some impact upon IBD phenotype but none on IBD outcome.

scholarly journals A study of febrile convulsions with a bacteremia incidence in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Andhra Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1885
Author(s):  
Shaik Ateal Saheb
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Febrile Convulsion ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Febrile Convulsions ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Epilepsy

Background: A febrile convulsion is linked with high temperature but without significant underlying health issues. These occur most often in children aged six months to five years. Most of the convulsions last less than five minutes, and within an hour of the occurrence, the child is entirely back to normal.Methods: Sixty children aged 3 months to 5 years admitted to the emergency pediatric ward with a history of convulsion fever with convulsions, in Narayana Medical College and Hospital were taken up for the study with clinical history, clinical examination, laboratory Investigations.Results: Among 60 children in the study group, 15 (25%) of them were aged between 3 months to 12 months, 21 (35%) of them were between 13 months to 24 months. Gender 36 (60%) are male children. 24 (40%) are female children. Family history of convulsions was positive in 18 (30%) of the 60 (100%) cases, and 7 had family history of epilepsy. 42 (70%) are negative. Most of the cases (85%) showed no growth in blood culture.Conclusions: Blood culture should be performed in all children by febrile convulsions, especially those under the stage of two years. Streptococcus pneumonia was the organism isolated from respiratory tract infection in a child with febrile convulsion with significant bacteremia. The symptoms that present can be as harmless as rhinorrhea or cough. Children with a positive family history of afebrile convulsion should be closely monitored and test, as they can develop epilepsy later.

Frequency of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and its Risk Factors among MBBS Students of Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2062-2067
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Tauseef ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Waqas Siddque ◽  
Muhammad Farhan Akhtar ◽  
Abu Hurera
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background: Currently, there is a growing concern towards epidemiological and clinical research on functional gastrointestinal disorders. Irritable Bowel Syndrome is defined as a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, and altered bowel movements. It is the most common gastrointestinal disorder. It can be diarrhea-predominant IBS, constipation-predominant IBS, and mixed type IBS. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of IBS among medical students of Allama Iqbal Medical College and to determine conditions and lifestyle habits that may act as significant risk factors for developing IBS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for over 5 months. A sample of 323 individuals was studied whereas the sampled individuals were selected using a "stratified random sampling technique". The study was conducted by collecting data through an online questionnaire during the global COVID pandemic. The questionnaire consisted of three parts. The first section consisted of demographic information, the second section consisted of a standard questionnaire determining the risk factors of IBS i.e., personal food and lifestyle habits, and the last section was aimed at determining whether the person was a case of IBS or not using the widely accepted and used “Rome III Criteria” and determining the predominant pattern of IBS. Results: The frequency of IBS was found to be 15.5%. Analysis of collected data revealed that the predictors for IBS were stress and reduced hours of daily sleep. It was also observed that a positive family history of irritable bowel syndrome predisposed the development of IBS in a person. 30% of subjects with a positive family history of IBS had symptoms suggestive of IBS. Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a high incidence of IBS among medical students because they live under higher stress conditions, concerning their academics and professional duty than students and professionals from other educational fields. Keywords: Irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal pain, stress, food consumption.

Evaluation of the Role of Flow Cytometry as a Diagnostic Tool for Hereditary Spherocytosis

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 5381-5381
Author(s):  
Nalini K Pati ◽  
Mary M Sartor ◽  
Sue Wong ◽  
Adrienne Nemet ◽  
Kenneth Francis Bradstock
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Family History ◽  
Haemolytic Anaemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Hereditary Spherocytosis ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normal Controls

Abstract Flow cytometric analysis of eosin-5′-maleimide-labeled red blood cells has been proposed as a method of identifying hereditary spherocytosis (HS). The flow cytometric test measures the fluorescence intensity of intact red cells labelled with the dye eosin-5-maleimide (EMA), which reacts covalently with Lys-430 on the first extra cellular loop of band 3 protein. Patients with HS have reduced fluorescence compared to other patient groups and normal controls. The aim of the present study was to assess the utility of flow cytometry in the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis. Fresh peripheral blood from 40 normal controls was collected in Lithium Heparin, stained with the dye EMA and analysed by flow cytometry. The normal range was established as 55–74 channel numbers. On 7 known cases of Hereditary Spherocytosis the MFI range was 35.6–44.6 channel numbers, and therefore samples falling into this range were considered to be positive for a diagnosis of HS by EMA. Equivocal results were defined when the MFI was in the range of 45–54 channel numbers. A total of 98 samples were sent for investigation or exclusion of HS. Clinical problems were grouped into the following categories: peripheral blood spherocytosis with negative Coomb’s test and no family history of HS, positive family history of HS, Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia, haemolytic anaemia of unknown origin. Indications Coomb’s −ve, Spherocytosis, no FH (n=50) (51%) Positive family history (FH) (n=18) (17%) Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NNH) (n=8) (8%) Haemolytic anaemia (HA) (n=16) (17%) Results of EMA Pos Neg Equi Pos Neg Equi Pos Neg Equi Pos Neg Equi Number 19 17 13 9 7 2 2 4 2 0 14 2 Percentage 38 34 26 50 39 11 25 50 25 0 87.5 12.5 Within this cohort the group with FH of HS had the highest positive and least equivocal results. The group with suspected HS (peripheral blood spherocytosis with negative coomb’s test) resulted in positive in 38% and equivocal in 26% cases. The group with NNH had positive results in 25% of cases and the group with HA had no positive results. Equivocal results occurred in 20% of cases suggesting further investigations are required to confirm or exclude HS. The EMA dye method by flow cytometry is a useful test for diagnosing red cell membrane abnormalities due to band 3 defects, but the assay produces a substantial number of equivocal results, and has poor utility in the investigation of haemolytic anaemia of unknown origin.

scholarly journals Breast cancer and some epidemiological factors: a hospital based study

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraiya Jabeen ◽  
Musarrat Haque ◽  
Md Johirul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Zaid Hossain ◽  
Atiya Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Family History ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine risk factors associated with breast cancer in the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methodology: A case control study was conducted from July 2009 to June 2010, on 262 biopsy proven cases of breast cancer from National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital and 262 matched controls of acute diseases from Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Religion, residential status and age (±2 years) were matched. Statistical analysis was carried out using conditional logistic regression, odds ratios, chi-square and t- test with SPSS software (V-17). Results: Multivariate analysis showed that higher education (OR=1.72), personal income (OR=5.71), history of induced abortion (OR= 20.62), history of breast feeding (OR= 7.91), OCP users (OR= 1.47), current smokers (OR=6.78), personal history of breast disease (OR=10.99), family history of breast cancer (OR=3.85) and family history of other cancer (OR=2.21) were risk factors for breast cancer. Furthermore, having menarche at an early age (OR=0.35), giving birth to an early age (OR= 0.35), early menopause (OR= 0.22), longer duration of breast feeding (OR=0.30), parity of 2 and more (OR=0.29) and regular physical activity (OR=0.58) were shown to be protective factors. Conclusion: Physical inactivity, being menopause, positive family history of breast cancer and history of induced abortion were found important risk factors. Longer duration of breast feeding should be encouraged for its protective effect. Study revealed that the women who have one or more of the above risk factors should be given special attention for breast cancer prevention DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15628 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No. 1, April, 2013, Page 61-66

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