scholarly journals Prevalence of zoonotic parasitic diseases of domestic animals in different abattoir of Comilla and Brahman Baria region in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Hazzaz Bin Kabir ◽  
Mohammad Eliyas ◽  
Md Abul Hashem ◽  
M Mohiuddin ◽  
Omar Faruk Miazi
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Selective Area

A study was conducted to investigate about the prevalence of parasitic diseases indifferent abattoirs in selective area of Bangladesh such as Comilla and Brahmon Baria districts.Animals were examined for post-mortem defects in different abattoirs of those districts. The studystarted from February, 2008 to August, 2008. The total examined animals were 3510, among them1460 cattle, 620 buffaloes, 970 goats and 460 sheep. Age, sex and breed of the examined animalswere recorded as far as practicable. The overall prevalence of hydatidosis was highest (26.01%)followed by fascioliasis (20.74%), amphistomiasis (19.62%). The prevalence of above mentioneddiseases was higher in older animals. The prevalence of hydatidosis, fascioliasis andamphistomiasis was higher in male in case of cattle and goats. But the prevalence of thosediseases was distinctly higher in female animals in case of buffaloes and sheep. The proportionalprevalence of different disease conditions in cattle was much higher in Hariana breed than those oflocal and crossbred cattle.Key Words: Abattoirs; zoonotic diseases; parasites; domestic animal.DOI: 10.3329/ujzru.v28i0.5281Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 28, 2010 pp. 21-25

scholarly journals Frequency analysis of changes and disease symptoms in wild boars in Poland in 2015-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Górski ◽  
Elżbieta Bombik ◽  
Stanisław Kondracki
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Frequent Change ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Wild Boars

The aim of the study was to analyse the results of the post-mortem sanitary and veterinary examinations of wild boar by the Veterinary Inspection in Poland between 2015 and 2019. The examination took into account changes such as emaciation, septicaemia and pyaemia, parasitic diseases and other. Analyses determined the number of animals examined, the number of carcasses with lesions, and the number of carcasses declared unfit for consumption. During the study period, more than 680,000 wild boars were subjected to sanitary and veterinary tests in Poland. Symptoms or lesions were found in 11,566 animals (1.70%), and 10,883 (1.60%) animals were declared unfit for consumption. The percentage of wild boar carcasses with lesions examined by year ranged from 1.23% in 2015 to 2.02% in 2019 and the percentage of wild boar carcasses declared unfit in relation to all carcasses tested ranged from 1.23% in 2015 to 1.88% in 2019. Parasitic lesions were found in 3488 wild boar carcasses, accounting for 30.16% of all changes recorded in wild boar carcasses. The most common parasitic disease was trichinellosis and the most frequent change was emaciation, which was recorded in 2665 (0.39%) animals. Putrefaction is a common lesion in wild boar carcasses, and was detected in 2546 (0.37%) animals. Territorial differences were found in the frequency of lesions in wild boars in Poland. The most trichinellosis cases in carcasses was recorded in Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship (748) and Wielkopolskie Voivodeship (638). Kujawsko-pomorskie Voivodeship and Wielkopolskie Voivodeship together had a total of 2324 cases of emaciation, accounting for 87.2% of all cases of these changes registered in the study period. The largest number of wild boar carcasses declared unfit for consumption was found in Kujawsko-pomorskie Voivodeship (3356) and Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship (2692), together accounting for 6048 unfit carcasses, or more than 55% of all carcasses declared unfit for consumption during the study period. The number of wild boars diagnosed with trichinellosis increased during the study period and was highest during 2019, with a systematic increase in the percentage of carcasses declared unfit for consumption in relation to the total.

scholarly journals Joint Estimates of Heterozygosity and Runs of Homozygosity for Modern and Ancient Samples

Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 212 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Renaud ◽  
Kristian Hanghøj ◽  
Thorfinn Sand Korneliussen ◽  
Eske Willerslev ◽  
Ludovic Orlando
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Probabilistic Method ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Runs Of Homozygosity ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Sequencing Errors ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Limited Coverage

Both the total amount and the distribution of heterozygous sites within individual genomes are informative about the genetic diversity of the population they belong to. Detecting true heterozygous sites in ancient genomes is complicated by the generally limited coverage achieved and the presence of post-mortem damage inflating sequencing errors. Additionally, large runs of homozygosity found in the genomes of particularly inbred individuals and of domestic animals can skew estimates of genome-wide heterozygosity rates. Current computational tools aimed at estimating runs of homozygosity and genome-wide heterozygosity levels are generally sensitive to such limitations. Here, we introduce ROHan, a probabilistic method which substantially improves the estimate of heterozygosity rates both genome-wide and for genomic local windows. It combines a local Bayesian model and a Hidden Markov Model at the genome-wide level and can work both on modern and ancient samples. We show that our algorithm outperforms currently available methods for predicting heterozygosity rates for ancient samples. Specifically, ROHan can delineate large runs of homozygosity (at megabase scales) and produce a reliable confidence interval for the genome-wide rate of heterozygosity outside of such regions from modern genomes with a depth of coverage as low as 5–6× and down to 7–8× for ancient samples showing moderate DNA damage. We apply ROHan to a series of modern and ancient genomes previously published and revise available estimates of heterozygosity for humans, chimpanzees and horses.

scholarly journals Taenia hydatigena cysticercosis in wild boar (Sus scrofa) from southern Italy: an epidemiological and molecular survey

Parasitology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (14) ◽  
pp. 1636-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Sgroi ◽  
Antonio Varcasia ◽  
Nicola D'Alessio ◽  
Paolo Varuzza ◽  
Francesco Buono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Wild Boar Population ◽  
Domestic Life ◽  
Taenia Hydatigena ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Hunting Dogs

AbstractTaenia hydatigena cysticercosis is a widespread parasitic disease of wild and domestic animals. In Europe, the increase in wild boar population may potentially contribute to the spread of this parasitic infection. To determine the occurrence of cysticerci (metacestodes) in wild boar population from southern Italy, carcasses were inspected during three hunting seasons (2016–2018). Out of 3363 wild boar examined, 229 (6.8%) harboured cysticerci with 188 (82.1%) infected by a single cyst, vs 41 (17.9%) boars having more than one. Most of the positive animals (187; 81.7%) showed cysts on the liver, whereas a multiple localization of cysticerci was reported in 10 (4.4%) wild boar. The total number of cysts retrieved from positive animals was 301 (average 1.3). Molecular analysis revealed the occurrence of a common haplotype (Hap 8) shared between wild boar and domestic animals. Our findings suggest the presence of a T. hydatigena semi-domestic life cycle in which wild boar may play an important role, due to a large number of offal available to hunting dogs, wolves and foxes during hunting seasons. Hunters may be players in the management of wildlife species to control and prevent the circulation of parasitic diseases.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a modern antiparasitic agent for deworming in domestic animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
A.P. Paliy ◽  
R.P. Petrov ◽  
A.P. Palii
Keyword(s):  
Potato Starch ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Dipylidium Caninum ◽  
Pyrantel Pamoate ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Antiparasitic Agents

Parasitic diseases continue to account for a significant proportion of overall morbidity in many parts of the world despite improved living conditions and increased awareness of health issues. The creation of innovative veterinary antiparasitic agents is a promising area of modern veterinary pharmacy. The pathogens Dipylidium caninum, Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, Toxocaris leonina were identified in the study of stray dogs (n=12). Eggs of Dipylidium caninum, Toxocara mystax, and Toxocaris leonina were found during cats' examination (n=15). Both mono and mixed invasions have been diagnosed in animals. We established that the floor and inventory were contaminated with exogenous forms of helminths at an extent of 100% after keeping animals in the shelter's enclosures. An innovative antiparasitic agent was used to treat animals. One tablet (0.5 g) contains the following active ingredients such as pyrantel pamoate (150±0.5 mg), praziquantel (50±0.5 mg), and auxiliary substances (lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium stearate, sodium chloride, food flavoring "meat", povidone K-30 and potato starch). We estimated high antiparasitic agents' extensive efficiency (100%) at mono and mixed invasions in dogs and cats.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of zoonotic diseases among farm animals in Kvemo Kartli (Georgia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Goginashvili ◽  
M. Donduashvili ◽  
Gaga Osiashvili ◽  
Ryan Arner ◽  
Lile Malania
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
One Health ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Health Measures

ObjectiveThe purpose of this research was to study the seroprevalence ofzoonotic diseases among farm animals in the Kvemo Kartli regionof Georgia.IntroductionZoonotic diseases are an important cause of human morbidityand mortality; around 75% of recently emerging human infectiousdiseases are zoonoses. Herein we report the first seroprevalence studyto include a range of emerging or re-emerging zoonotic pathogens ofeconomic concern (including:Bacillus anthracis, Coxiella burnetii,Francisellaspp.,Brucellaspp., and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagicfever virus (CCHFV)) affecting domestic animals (e.g., cattle, sheep,goat, and dog) in Georgia.MethodsCattle (n=177) from Gardabani, Marneuli, and Tsalka(Kvemo Kartli region) were sampled for the study as were small ruminantsand dogs (n=30).Bacillus anthracis, Brucellaspp., CCHFV, andC. burnetii(Phase I) were detected using ELISA methods.Francisellatularensiswas detected using a microscopic agglutination test (MAT).ResultsOf the cattle sampled, 11 were positive forF. tularensis, 39 werepositive forBrucellaspp., and seven were positive forC. burnetii. Allsamples were negative for CCHFV. Three goat samples were positiveforC. burnetii, one goat sample and one dog sample were positive forF. tularensis.ConclusionsDomestic animals serve as a source of disease that can spreadto humans through vectors or direct contact. In Georgia, domesticanimals were not previously studied for exposure to zoonotic diseases,with the exception of cattle, which were surveyed for brucellosis.In particular, the finding ofF. tularensisseropositive animals isnovel in Georgia, as this region was considered free of the pathogen.Screening studies of domestic/farm animals for zoonotic pathogenssuch as this can serve as a source of baseline data for regional riskassessments and to better inform One Health measures.

scholarly journals Some heterocyclic thione derivatives exhibit anticoccidial activity by inhibiting glycosidases.

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Balbaa ◽  
Neama Abd El-Hady ◽  
Nabil Taha ◽  
El Sayed H El Ashry
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Reference Compound ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Coccidial Infection ◽  
Anticoccidial Activity ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Coccidian Infection ◽  
Eimeria Stiedae

Coccidiosis is one of the most common parasitic diseases affecting many species of domestic animals. This disease has a major economic significance and the search for new compounds having anticoccidial activity is of great importance. In this article, different levels of protection from coccidian infection by Eimeria stiedae were developed in rabbits by treatment with compounds incorporating the skeleton of thiourea. These compounds include 4,5-diphenylimidazole-2-thione (1), 4,5-Diphenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (2) and 5-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (3) compared to the anticoccidial drug toltrazuril as a reference compound. Compounds 1-3 inhibit coccidiosis-induced activity of α-glucosidase. The protection from coccidial infection by compound 1 was higher than that shown for compounds 2 and 3. These data suggest that diazole and triazole thione derivatives have a mimetic effect for anticoccidial drugs through their inhibition of glycosidases.

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