scholarly journals Respiratory viruses in adults hospitalised with Community-Acquired Pneumonia during the non-winter months in Melbourne: Routine diagnostic practice may miss large numbers of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infections.

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy A Desmond ◽  
Melanie A Lloyd ◽  
Shelley A Ryan ◽  
Edward D Janus ◽  
Harin A Karunajeewa
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Background Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is one of the highest health burden conditions in Australia. Disease notifications and other data from routine diagnosis suffers from selection bias that may misrepresent the true contribution of various aetiological agents. However existing Australian prospective studies of CAP aetiology have either under-represented elderly patients, not utilised Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) diagnostics or been limited to winter months. We therefore sought to re-evaluate CAP aetiology by systematically applying multiplex PCR in a representative cohort of mostly elderly patients hospitalised in Melbourne during non-winter months and compare diagnostic results with those obtained under usual conditions of care. Methods Seventy two CAP inpatients were prospectively enrolled over 2 ten-week blocks during non-winter months in Melbourne in 2016-17. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were obtained at admission and analysed by multiplex-PCR for 7 respiratory viruses and 5 atypical bacteria. Results Median age was 74 (interquartile range 67-80) years, with 38 (52.8%) males and 34 (47.2%) females. PCR was positive in 24 (33.3%), including 12 Picornavirus (50.5% of those with a virus), 4 RSV (16.7%) and 4 influenza A (16.7%). CAP-Sym questionnaire responses were similar in those with and without viral infections. Most (80%) pathogens detected by the study, including all 8 cases of influenza and RSV, were not otherwise detected by treating clinicians during hospital admission. Conclusion One third of patients admitted with CAP during non-winter months had PCR-detectable respiratory viral infections, including many cases of influenza and RSV that were missed by existing routine clinical diagnostic processes. Keywords: Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI), Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Prevalence of respiratory viruses using polymerase chain reaction in children with wheezing, a systematic review and meta–analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243735
Author(s):  
Cyprien Kengne–Nde ◽  
Sebastien Kenmoe ◽  
Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji ◽  
Richard Njouom
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Introduction Wheezing is a major problem in children, and respiratory viruses are often believed to be the causative agent. While molecular detection tools enable identification of respiratory viruses in wheezing children, it remains unclear if and how these viruses are associated with wheezing. The objective of this systematic review is to clarify the prevalence of different respiratory viruses in children with wheezing. Methods We performed an electronic in Pubmed and Global Index Medicus on 01 July 2019 and manual search. We performed search of studies that have detected common respiratory viruses in children ≤18 years with wheezing. We included only studies using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Study data were extracted and the quality of articles assessed. We conducted sensitivity, subgroup, publication bias, and heterogeneity analyses using a random effects model. Results The systematic review included 33 studies. Rhinovirus, with a prevalence of 35.6% (95% CI 24.6–47.3, I2 98.4%), and respiratory syncytial virus, at 31.0% (95% CI 19.9–43.3, I2 96.4%), were the most common viruses detected. The prevalence of other respiratory viruses was as follows: human bocavirus 8.1% (95% CI 5.3–11.3, I2 84.6%), human adenovirus 7.7% (95% CI 2.6–15.0, I2 91.0%), influenza virus6.5% (95% CI 2.2–12.6, I2 92.4%), human metapneumovirus5.8% (95% CI 3.4–8.8, I2 89.0%), enterovirus 4.3% (95% CI 0.1–12.9, I2 96.2%), human parainfluenza virus 3.8% (95% CI 1.5–6.9, I2 79.1%), and human coronavirus 2.2% (95% CI 0.6–4.4, I2 79.4%). Conclusions Our results suggest that rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus may contribute to the etiology of wheezing in children. While the clinical implications of molecular detection of respiratory viruses remains an interesting question, this study helps to illuminate the potential of role respiratory viruses in pediatric wheezing. Review registration PROSPERO, CRD42018115128.

Detection of Genomic Sequences of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Otitis Media with Effusion in Children

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (10_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Okamoto ◽  
Kazuo Kudo ◽  
Koji Shirotori ◽  
Misao Nakazawa ◽  
Eiko Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Viral Sequences

The reverse transcriptase—polymerase chain reaction and the nested polymerase chain reaction were used for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) sequences in middle ear effusions collected from children with otitis media. Sequences of RSV were detected in 21 of 34 samples tested. These samples were collected during and/or after natural outbreaks of RSV infection in the community. In those patients from whose nasopharynges RSV was isolated, the viral sequences were highly detectable (75%) in the effusions. These observations suggest RSV as an important factor in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion.

scholarly journals Respiratory Pathogens in Children 1 Month to 5 Years of Age Presenting With Undifferentiated Acute Respiratory Distress in 2 District-Level Hospitals in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-364
Author(s):  
Patrick T Wilson ◽  
Frank Baiden ◽  
Joshua C Brooks ◽  
Katie M Giessler ◽  
Gavin Apio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Ghanaian children (2176) aged <5 years who presented with undifferentiated acute respiratory distress were tested for respiratory pathogens using a BioFire FilmArray polymerase chain reaction assay. Rhinovirus and/or enterovirus was detected in 36% of the assays, respiratory syncytial virus in 11%, and parainfluenza in 7%. Respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus were detected more frequently in the rainy season than in the dry season.

One-step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus in children

2008 ◽  
Vol 148 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto do Nascimento ◽  
Andréa Lima Leal ◽  
Thereza Silva Souza ◽  
Cláudia Trigo Pedroso de Moraes ◽  
Priscila Comone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
One Step ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Detection of Viruses by Multiplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Patients with Nonresponding Community-Acquired Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Yinling Han ◽  
Zhangchu Jin ◽  
Yinghua Ying ◽  
Fen Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background. Nonresponding pneumonia is responsible for the most mortality of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, thus far, it is not clear whether viral infection plays an important role in the etiology of nonresponding CAP and whether there is a significant difference in the clinical characteristics between viral and nonviral nonresponding CAP. Methods. From 2016 to 2019, nonresponding CAP patients were retrospectively enrolled in our study. All patients received bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and virus detection in BAL fluid by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and clinical, laboratory, and radiographic data were collected. Results. A total of 43 patients were included. The median age was 62 years, and 65.1% of patients were male. Overall, 20 patients (46.5%) were identified with viral infection. Of these viruses, influenza virus (n = 8) and adenovirus (n = 7) were more frequently detected, and others included herpes simplex virus, human enterovirus, cytomegalovirus, human coronavirus 229E, rhinovirus, and parainfluenza virus. Compared with nonviral nonresponding CAP, only ground-glass opacity combined with consolidation was a more common imaging manifestation in viral nonresponding CAP. However, no obvious differences were found in clinical and laboratory findings between the presence and the absence of viral infections. Conclusions. Viral infections were particularly frequent in adults with nonresponding CAP. The ground-glass opacity combined with consolidation was a specific imaging manifestation for viral nonresponding CAP, while the clinical and laboratory data showed no obvious differences between viral and nonviral nonresponding CAP.

Midturbinate Swabs Are Comparable to Nasopharyngeal Swabs for Quantitative Detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne J Blaschke ◽  
Matt McKevitt ◽  
Krow Ampofo ◽  
Tammi Lewis ◽  
Hao Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs are generally used to detect respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infants. However, midturbinate (MT) swabs may provide comparable results. In this study, we enrolled hospitalized infants aged &lt;24 months with RSV and collected NP and MT swabs. The resulting viral loads measured by real-time reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction were similar. Most parents preferred MT swabs over NP swabs.

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