scholarly journals Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Tomicus minor (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to host volatiles

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Hua ◽  
Wang Hong-Wei ◽  
Yang Wei ◽  
Yang Chun-Ping

To screen for host volatiles that effectively attract the lesser pine shoot beetle, Tomicus minor (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), an important forest pest, water vapor distillation extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were combined to analyze volatiles emitted from uninfested and infested shoots of Pinus yunnanensis (Pinaceae). Electroantennography and Y-tube olfactometer behavioral tests were used to compare and analyze the responses of male and female beetles to each of selected eight compounds. The spectrometry results showed that monoterpenes are the primary chemicals emitted by P. yunnanensis. The electroantennogram responses of adult T. minor to six of the plant compounds peaked at 10 μg/μL; the exceptions were terpinolene and myrcene, which had maxima above 100 μg/μL. (+)-α-Pinene and β-phellandrene were strongly attractiveto the male and female adults.


1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 959-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry M. Dean ◽  
Frank N. Willis ◽  
James M. La Rocco

Reactions to the invasion of personal space in terms of age, sex, and race of the invaders were investigated. Children, grouped by sex (male and female), race (black and white), and age (5, 8, and 10 yr. old), invaded the personal space of 192 adults grouped by sex (male and female) and race (black and white). The six types of behavioral responses were: avoidance, aggression, exploratory behavior, facilitative behavior, excess motor activity, and failure to respond. Responses to personal space invasion were not affected by sex. Blacks responded more often than whites but did not differ with regard to any particular type of behavioral response. Age of the invader had a significant effect on type of response given by adults whose personal space was invaded. It was concluded that the age of the invader was much more important than race or sex in determining the response to invasion of personal space.



2011 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia A. Cavigelli ◽  
Kerry C. Michael ◽  
Sheila G. West ◽  
Laura Cousino Klein


2021 ◽  
pp. 104474
Author(s):  
Thiele P. Souza ◽  
Francini Franscescon ◽  
Flavia V. Stefanello ◽  
Talise E. Müller ◽  
Laura W. Santos ◽  
...  


2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wang ◽  
Z. Zhang ◽  
X. Kong ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
S. Zhang

AbstractThe shoot beetlesTomicus minor, Tomicus yunnanensis, andTomicus brevipilosushave been decimatingPinus yunnanensistrees for more than 30 years in Southwestern China. To understand the chemical ecological relationship between pines andTomicus, and among the three beetle species, we compared the attraction of these beetles to damaged shoots, extracts from damaged shoots, and volatiles from damaged shoots collected by the dynamic headspace sampling method. Experiments were performed using a modified open-arena olfactometer. The maleT. minorand both sexes ofT. brevipilosuswere more strongly attracted to damaged shoots than to undamaged shoots and they showed attraction to shoots damaged by the same species. FemaleT. minorand both sexes ofT. yunnanensiswere attracted to shoots damaged by femaleT. brevipilosus. The three beetle species were attracted to shoot extracts and dynamic headspace volatiles from shoots damaged by the same species and sex. FemaleT. minorand maleT. yunnanensiswere also attracted to dynamic headspace volatiles from shoots damaged by both sexes ofT. brevipilosus. The results suggested that specific semiochemicals that are induced or produced byT. brevipilosusalso attractT. minorandT. yunnanensis. The semiochemicals in damaged shoots affect the attraction of the three beetle species and play an important chemical communication role in weakening the host trees during the beetles’ shoot-feeding phase.



2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 620-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Westenbroek ◽  
T.A.B. Snijders ◽  
J.A. den Boer ◽  
M. Gerrits ◽  
D.S. Fokkema ◽  
...  


2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 439-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Charlotte Almquist ◽  
Jenny Fäldt ◽  
Annie Yart ◽  
Yohann Chevet ◽  
Daniel Sauvard ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to investigate the host selection capacity of the pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda, in the shoot-feeding phase and analyze the chiral and non-chiral host volatiles by means of GC-MS and 2D-GC in five Pinus species originating from France (Pinus sylvestris, P. halepensis, P. nigra laricio, P. pinaster maritima, P. pinaster mesogeensis). Dominating monoterpenes were (-)-α-pinene, (+)-α-pinene, (-)-β-pinene and (+)-3-carene. The amounts of the enantiomers varied considerably within and among the species. In a principal component analysis-plot, based on the absolute amounts of 18 monoterpene hydrocarbons, separation of the pine species into two groups was obtained. P. halepensis and P. sylvestris were grouped according to the amount of (+)-α-pinene and (+)-3-carene, while P. nigra laricio, P. pinaster maritima and P. pinaster mesogeensis were grouped according to (-)-α-pinene and (D)-β-pinene. P. nigra laricio was the species most attacked and P. halepensis the one least attacked by T. piniperda.





2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ana Gloria Gutiérrez-García ◽  
Carlos M. Contreras ◽  
María Remedios Mendoza-López

<p>Abstract:</p><p>2-Heptanone is an alarm pheromone contained in some human fluids, but its role is unknown in chemical communication. In part one of this study, a sample of 24 women provided urine specimens taken around their supposed ovulation days, and a second sample 12 days later. As exclusion criteria, women with anxiety (based on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Spielberger), mood disorders (based on the Clinical Diagnosis of Depression Questionnaire), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (based on the Daily Symptoms Report) were not included in the study. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry indicated that urinary 2-heptanone content was increased approximately two-fold during pre-menstruation compared with the days around ovulation. In part two of this study, 141 male and female volunteers, sniffed this ketone and with a simple questionnaire it was determined that the longest tested duration (180 s) of sniffing 2-heptanone lowered the acceptance of sniffing this ketone again, compared with the shorter sniffing durations (5 and 60 s), with no differences between sexes. The increased concentration of 2-heptanone during the day before menstruation may be considered as part of the functional changes preceding menstruation and sniffing this ketone may produce sensorial-emotional changes depending on time of sniffing, the significance of this deserves further study.</p><p> </p><p>Resumen:</p><p>La 2-heptanona es una feromona de alarma detectable en algunos fluidos humanos, pero se desconoce su papel en la comunicación química. En la primer parte del estudio, 24 mujeres jóvenes y sanas, proveyeron una primera muestra de orina alrededor del día de ovulación y una segunda 12 días más tarde. Como criterio de exclusión, se descartaron mujeres con ansiedad (Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo, Spielberger), trastornos del estado de ánimo (Cuestionario de diagnóstico clínico de depresión) y trastorno disfórico premenstrual (basado en los síntomas diarios de informe). La cromatografía de gases/espectrometría de masas indicó que el contenido urinario de 2-heptanona aumentó aproximadamente al doble antes de la menstruación en comparación con los días cercanos a la ovulación. En la segunda parte del estudio, otros 141 voluntarios (femeninos y masculinos) inhalaron esta cetona y con ello se determinó que con el tiempo más prolongado (180 s) de exposición por olfateo a la 2-heptanona disminuyó la aceptación para olerla nuevamente, en comparación con los tiempos más cortos de olfateo (5 y 60 s). Lo anterior se evidenció mediante las respuestas a un cuestionario simple. No hubo diferencias significativas por género. El aumento de la concentración urinaria de 2-heptanona, durante el día antes de la menstruación, se consideraría como parte de los cambios funcionales premenstruales y el hecho de oler esta cetona produciría cambios sensorial-emocionales dependiendo del tiempo de exposición, cuyo significado requiere mayor estudio.</p>



2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Tang ◽  
Yuejin Wu ◽  
Binmei Liu ◽  
Zengliang Yu

Behavioral responses of S. zeamais to odours from pulverized wheat, brown rice, sorghum, buckwheat, peanut and cork were compared in a Y-tube-olfactometerbioassay. Results showed that both sexes responded to host volatiles and males were more sensitive than females. The strongest responses to grains of wheat and brown rice were found, and insects reared on these were dramatically heavier than on other tested materials (grain sorghum, buckwheat, peanut and cork). Multiple-choices tests, in which volatiles from males that were removed from the wheat within different minutes were simultaneously presented in the chamber, were used to study whether males can release aggregation pheromone if not on the grain. The pheromone was released by males within about 13 minutes after removal from the grains. Responses to pheromones produced by males were skewed toward females although both sexes were attracted. Both sexes responded most strongly to the odour source comprising pheromone with host volatiles.



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