Tindakan Agresivitas Pajak dipandang dari Teori Akuntansi Positif

Taxes are one of the state's largest sources of income. For businesses, taxes are a burden that can reduce profits. The government wants high tax revenues, but businesses want low tax revenues. Therefore, this is a tax avoidance act that seeks to minimize the amount of tax a company pays for violating or being legal. This study aims to determine how tax aggressiveness can be seen from aggressive accounting theory. The tax aggressiveness measure uses the company's ETR. This is the income tax expense divided by the profit before income tax. The sample of this survey consists of manufacturers listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2017 and 2019. Targeted sampling was used to select the samples, and 54 companies obtained samples. The analytical method used is multiple regression analysis. The results of this study show that the Inventory Intensity does not affect tax aggressiveness. Capital Intensity, Fixed Assets Intensity, and Firm Size have a significant positive impact on tax aggressiveness.

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The Effect of CEO Tenure, Capital Intensity, and Firm Size On Tax Avoidance

Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi dan Keuangan ◽

10.22219/jrak.v11i1.16140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 77-86

Author(s):

Evi Khusnita Ulfa ◽

Eny Suprapti ◽

Sri Wahjuni Latifah

Keyword(s):

Firm Size ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Ceo Tenure ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Directorate General ◽

The Government

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of CEO tenure, capital intensity, and firm size on tax avoidance. The sample of this study is 88 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2019 were selected through purpose sampling. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that CEO tenure has a positive effect on tax avoidance. This means that the longer the CEO tenure will lead to an increase in tax avoidance. Capital intensity and firm size have no effect on tax avoidance. This research has a novelty in the form impact of CEO tenure, capital intensity, and firm size on tax avoidance. Furthermore, the practical contribution to the government, especially the Directorate General of Taxes, is that long tenure of CEO can lead to tax avoidance. The limitation in this study is the number of samples is less representative in representing the population. This is because there are still companies listed on the IDX that not provide information according to the sample criteria.

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Pengaruh Leverage dan Capital Intensity pada Tax Avoidance dengan Proporsi Komisaris Independen sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi

E-Jurnal Akuntansi ◽

10.24843/eja.2019.v27.i01.p01 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Cyntia Habibah Sinaga ◽

I Made Sadha Suardikha

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

Research Population ◽

Negative Effect

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of leverage and capital intensity on tax avoidance with the proportion of independent commissioners as moderating variable. The research population is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2017. The method of determining the sample used was purposive sampling and obtained 200 observations. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of the analysis show that leverage has a positive effect on tax avoidance. This means that the more debt the company uses to finance assets, the higher level of tax avoidance. Capital intensity has a negative effect on tax avoidance. This means that the more capital invested by the company in the form of fixed assets, the lower level of tax avoidance. The proportion of independent commissioners does not moderate the effect of leverage and capital intensity on tax avoidance. Keywords: Leverage, capital intensity, independent commissioners, tax avoidance

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Pengaruh Pengungkapan CSR, Karakter Eksekutif, Profitabilitas, Dan Investasi Aktiva Tetap Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak

E-Jurnal Akuntansi ◽

10.24843/eja.2019.v29.i02.p26 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 833

Author(s):

Ni Ketut Lely Aryani Merkusiwati ◽

I Gst Ayu Eka Damayanthi

Keyword(s):

Tax Evasion ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

Investment In Fixed Assets ◽

Corporate Social

Tax avoidance is one way to reduce the amount of tax legally that does not violate tax regulations, in contrast to tax evasion, which uses unlawful methods to reduce or eliminate the tax burden while tax avoidance (tax avoidance) ) utilizing loopholes in tax regulations to avoid paying larger amounts of tax. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), executive character, profitability and investment in fixed assets in tax avoidance. This research was conducted at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2017. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression. Regression test results show that CSR and executive character negatively affect tax avoidance. while the profitability and investment of fixed assets have no effect on tax avoidance. Keywords : CSR; Executive Character; Profitabilitas; Capital Intensity; Tax Avoidance.

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THE RELATIONS AMONG FIRM CHARACTERISTIC, CAPITAL INTENSITY, INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP, AND TAX AVOIDANCE: SOME EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews ◽

10.18510/hssr.2020.8142 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 315-322

Author(s):

Wirmie Eka Putra ◽

Yuliusman ◽

Raeza Firsta Wisra

Keyword(s):

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Tax Compliance ◽

Institutional Ownership ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Company Size ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

The Government

Purpose of the study: This study is to determine the effect of profitability, leverage, company size, capital intensity, and institutional ownership simultaneously and partially on tax avoidance in Indonesia. Methodology: This study uses a quantitative approach to the type of descriptive research. The population of this research is property, real estate, and building constructs companies from 2013 - 2017, as many as 63 companies, which listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). While the samples in this study were 31 companies. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. Principal Findings: Profitability, leverage, company size, and institutional ownership partially influencing tax avoidance. However, the intensity of capital partly does not affect tax avoidance. Applications of this study: This study suggests that the government makes several efforts to intervene to increase tax literacy on companies, the public, and expand access to higher education, as well as improve the quality of the democratization process to enhance tax compliance in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research brings new evidence on the relationship between profitability, leverage, company size, and institutional ownership on tax avoidance in Indonesia.

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Kontribusi Likuiditas, Leverage, dan Capital Intensity terhadap Agresivitas Pajak pada Perusahaan IDX 30

Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen ◽

10.26740/jim.v9n4.p1572-1581 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 1572-1581

Author(s):

Debi Eka Putri ◽

Darwin Lie ◽

Ady Inrawan ◽

Sisca Sisca

Keyword(s):

Banking Sector ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Short Term ◽

Tax Aggressiveness ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

High Level ◽

Research Period

This study aimed to determine the effect of liquidity, leverage, and capital intensity on tax aggressiveness. The population in this study are all companies listed in the IDX during the research period: 2017-2020 and not in the banking sector. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample obtained is as many as 13 companies, with the number of observations being 52. The findings are that there is no significant effect between liquidity, leverage, and capital intensity on tax aggressiveness. At a high level of liquidity, the company can pay off its short-term obligations, including in terms of taxation. The leverage of small or large companies does not affect management to do tax avoidance. Companies with high fixed assets bear an increased tax burden as well. Some companies have set assets whose economic benefits have expired but are not derecognized and for movable assets.

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ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN ATAS MODEL REVALUASI ASET TETAP SESUAI PSAK NO. 16 (REVISI 2007) DAN DAMPAK PERPAJAKANNYA MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG PAJAK

JIAFE (Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi) ◽

10.34204/jiafe.v2i1.535 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 38-57

Author(s):

Chandra Pribadi ◽

Nurmiati Nurmiati

Keyword(s):

Discount Rate ◽

Income Tax ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Corporate Taxation ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Fixed Asset ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

Descriptive Qualitative

The purpose of this study was to determine how the impact of revaluation of fixed assets to corporate taxation. This research was conducted in PDAM Tirta Jaya Mandiri Sukabumi. The method of analysis in this research is descriptive qualitative non-statistical (non Descriptive Statistics). The results of the research that revaluation memiliiki impact on the final income tax where the impact of the activities of revaluation of fixed assets is the excess of the revaluation of fixed assets subject to final tax of 10%. Companies can save on taxes by 7% (assuming the petition filed since October 31, 2015 until December 31, 2015 and charged at 3%). Companies can save on taxes by 6% (assuming the petition filed since January 1, 2016 until the date of June 30, 2016 and charged at 4%) or save 4% (assuming the petition filed since July 1, 2016 until December 31, 2016 and charged at 6%). Discount rate provided by the government in 2015 was never used by the company, whereas the discount rate is the opportunity for the company to undertake the revaluation (revaluation) of fixed assets. Companies should consider doing a reassessment (revaluation) on fixed assets in return taking into account the positive impact for the company arising from such activities.Keywords: PSAK No.16, Revaluation of Fixed Assets, Fixed Asset Revaluation Impact.

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PENGARUH MANAJEMEN LABA, PROPORSI KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, PROFITABILITAS, CAPITAL INTENSITY, DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP TAX AGGRESSIVENESS (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2012-2016)

Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis ◽

10.30813/jab.v11i2.1387 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Leem Sufia ◽

Ernie Riswandari

Keyword(s):

Earnings Management ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Control Variable ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Capital Intensity ◽

Tax Planning ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Tax Aggressiveness ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Result Show

ABSTRACT: Taxes are the main source of state revenue. The greater amount of tax revenue attainment can support the national economy. However, on the other hand, taxes are a burden that can reduce income for taxpayer. This encourage taxpayer to make every effort to reduce the tax burden from legal tax planning to illegal. Excessive tax planning will result to tax aggressiveness. This study aims to examine, analyse, and obtain empirical evidence about the effect of earnings management, proportion of independent commissioners, profitability, capital intensity, and liquidity to tax aggressiveness. This research is also to compare the result of prior researches. The population in this research is 144 manufacturing companies that listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2016. Sample consist of 51 manufacturing companies, selected using one of nonprobability sampling method, which is purposive sampling type. The data type is secondary data which collected from IDX website. The statistical method used in this research is multiple regression analysis. These results indicates that earnings management and profitability have a significant influence to tax aggressiveness. While the proportion of independent commissioners, capital intensity, dan liquidity have no influence toward tax aggressiveness. But, if earnings management, proportion of independent commissioners, profitability, capital intensity, and liquidity simultantly tested with the control variable which are size and leverage the result show that there is significant association with the tax aggressiveness. Keyword : Tax aggressiveness, earnings management, proportion of independent commissioners, profitability, capital intensity, liquidity, size, leverage. ABSTRAK: Pajak merupakan sumber utama penerimaan negara. Semakin besar jumlah penerimaan pajak maka dapat mendukung perekonomian nasional. Namun, di sisi lain, pajak merupakan beban yang dapat mengurangi penghasilan bagi wajib pajak. Hal ini mendorong wajib pajak untuk melakukan segala upaya untuk menekan beban pajak mulai dari perencanaan pajak yang legal hingga ilegal. Perencanaan pajak yang berlebihan akan menimbulkan agresivitas pajak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji, menganalisis, dan memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh manajemen laba, proporsi komisaris independen, profitabilitas, capital intensity, dan likuiditas terhadap tax aggressiveness. Penelitian ini juga membandingkan hasil dengan penelitian sebelumnya. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 144 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2012 sampai dengan 2016. Sampel terdiri dari 51 perusahaan manufaktur yang dipilih menggunakan salah satu metode nonprobability sampling, yaitu tipe purposive sampling. Tipe data adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari situs IDX. Metode statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen laba dan profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tax aggressiveness. Sedangkan proporsi komisaris independen, capital intensity, dan likuiditas tidak berpengaruh terhadap tax aggressiveness. Namun, jika manajemen laba, proporsi komisaris independen, profitabilitas, capital intensity, dan likuiditas diuji secara bersama-sama dengan variabel kontrol, yaitu ukuran perusahaan dan leverage menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh terhadap tax aggressiveness. Kata kunci: Agresivitas pajak, manajemen laba, proporsi komisaris independen, profitabilitas, capital intensity, likuiditas, ukuran perusahaan, leverage.

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Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Leverage dan Intensitas Aset Tetap Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak

Jurnal Madani : Ilmu Pengetahuan, Teknologi dan Humaniora ◽

10.33753/madani.v4i2.158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 109-125

Author(s):

Lilis Karlina

Keyword(s):

Research Method ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Linear Analysis ◽

Panel Regression ◽

Tax Aggressiveness ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Mining Companies ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Fixed Assets

This study aims to empirically prove the effect of profitability, liquidity, leverage and intensity of fixed assets on tax aggressiveness (Empirical study on mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2012-2016). In this study there were a population of 46 mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2012-2016. The research method used in this study was quantitative. Through purposive sampling method, researchers obtained a sample of 12 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2012-2016. The model in this study is panel regression using the Eviews 8 application. The data analysis technique in this study uses multiple linear analysis. The results of this study indicate that the profitability, liquidity and intensity of fixed assets have no significant effect on tax aggressiveness, while the leverage factor has a significant effect on tax aggressiveness. Profitability, liquidity, leverage and intensity of fixed assets together have a significant effect on tax aggressiveness. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage dan intensitas aset tetap terhadap agresivitas pajak (Studi empiris pada perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2016). Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 46 perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2016. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif, yakni melalui metode purposive sampling dengan sampel 12 perusahaan terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2016. Model dalam penelitian ini yaitu regresi panel dengan menggunakan aplikasi Eviews 8. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis linear berganda. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa faktor profitabilitas, likuiditas dan intensitas asset tetap berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak. Sedangkan faktor leverage mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak. Dengan demikian, profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage dan intensitas asset tetap secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap agresivitas pajak. Kata Kunci: Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Leverage, Intensitas, Agresivitas Pajak

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Taxing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Yogyakarta: Regulation and Compliance

BESTUUR ◽

10.20961/bestuur.v9i1.49184 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Siti Rahma Novikasari ◽

Duc Quang Ly ◽

Kerry Gershaneck

Keyword(s):

Tax Policy ◽

Income Tax ◽

Government Regulation ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Tax Compliance ◽

Legal Compliance ◽

The Government ◽

Medium Enterprises ◽

Compliance Constraints

Government Regulation No. 46/2013 has not been optimal in providing legal compliance on taxation for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), especially in Yogyakarta. This policy was evaluated and amended with Government Regulation No. 23/2018. The amendment in tax policy for MSME actors was this research background to examine: First, how does the final income tax policy impact MSME taxpayers' compliance in Yogyakarta? Second, what are the legal compliance constraints of MSME taxpayers? The method used in this research was a juridical empirical, supported with the statute and conceptual approach. The results showed that the amendment in the final income tax tariff policy from 1% to 0.5%, as well as provide legal certainty of the timeframe of taxation had a positive impact on increasing taxpayer compliance. There was an increase in the number of taxpayers to 41,000 in 2019, or an increase of 15.5% compared to the number of taxpayers in 2017. However, tariff reduction has not been the answer to taxpayer non-compliance, the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Taxes of the Special Region of Yogyakarta still found tax avoidance. Tax compliance constraints were also caused by taxpayers' distrust of the government, poor tax morale, and tax knowledge. The government needs to conduct a cooperative compliance approach in taxation policies based on trust and dialogue between taxpayers and the government to improve MSME taxpayer compliance.Keywords: Tax Compliance; Final Income Tax Regulation; Micro; Small; Medium Enterprises.

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Asas Keadilan Pemungutan Pajak dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No 23 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pajak Penghasilan

Jurnal Preferensi Hukum ◽

10.22225/jph.2.1.3042.6-10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 6-10

Author(s):

Made Dwi Surya Suasa ◽

I Made Arjaya ◽

I Putu Gede Seputra

Keyword(s):

Income Tax ◽

Government Regulation ◽

Minimum Cost ◽

Vertical Equity ◽

Cost Of Living ◽

Tax Collection ◽

Tax Revenues ◽

The Government

In mid-2018, the government issued new regulations in the field of taxation which is expected to be an increadible impact for tax revenues. The rules are set out in the Government Regulation Number 23 Year 2018 regarding Income Tax on Income Effort Received or Provided Taxpayers Who Have Specific Gross Distribution (Government Regulation Number 23 Year 2018). Various responses from the community came after the release of the Government Regulation. One is the aspect of fairness in the taxation of income that seems to be ruled out with the advent of the Government Regulation. The principle of fairness in income tax collection adheres to vertical equity, the higher the income (net) earned or received by the higher taxes that are owed. Vertical Justice not accommodated in the regulation is to make the basis for the calculation of gross turnover tax payable. As a result, taxpayers who have the same gross turnover is considered to have the same economic additional capabilities. Estuary of the principle of vertical equity is a theory that emphasizes the style bear minimum cost of living.

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