scholarly journals Effect of the curcumin and piperine co-administration on the blood lipid levels and the cardiovascular risk: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e27310111682
Author(s):  
Mackelly Simionatto ◽  
Katlin Suellen Rech ◽  
Mona Lisa Simionatto Gomes ◽  
Jane Manfron ◽  
Paulo Vitor Farago
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Coronary Diseases

Some plant species show medicinal potential in atherosclerosis and other coronary diseases. Curcumin (CUR) is a yellow-colored phenolic compound from rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. that is mainly used as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer. Piperine (PIP) is an alkaloid from the fruits and the seeds of Piper nigrum L. and Piper longum L. It has several pharmacological activities, including the antioxidant and the immunomodulatory properties. PIP also increases the nutrients absorption. This review aims at investigating the effect of the CUR and PIP co-administration on the lipid profile and the cardiovascular events based on animal and human studies. This study was performed in the main scientific search bases. Among the 4,992 references found, 2,004 papers were initially chosen for the partial reading and 15 of them filled all the selection criteria for the entire reading. The CUR and PIP co-administration generally demonstrated positive effects on lipid profile in animals and humans by reducing total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LP(a) and by increasing HDL-c. In spite of no long-term clinical trial was carried out for investigating the effect of CUR and PIP co-administration on cardiovascular events, the reduction of glucose, AST, and ALP, and the increase of CAT and SOD were recorded as secondary serum markers to avoid the cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the studies usually report that co-administration of CUR and PIP shows efficacy for reducing serum lipids. The effect on preventing cardiovascular events by reducing the cardiovascular risk is lacking of direct evidence.

scholarly journals Effects of trunk extensor eccentric exercise on lipid profile and glycaemic response

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000861
Author(s):  
Ho-Seong Lee ◽  
Takayuki Akimoto ◽  
Ah-Ram Kim
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Eccentric Contraction ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Glycaemic Response ◽  
Concentric Contractions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Trunk Extensor

ObjectivesA number of previous studies reported physiological responses and adaptations after eccentric muscle contraction of limb muscles. In contrast, no study has determined physiological response after eccentric contraction of trunk muscles. The purpose of the present study was to compare the functional and metabolic changes after eccentric or concentric exercises of trunk extensor muscles.MethodsIn this randomised, crossover study, 10 men performed a single bout of 50 maximal voluntary concentric and eccentric contractions of the trunk extensor with an interval of 2 weeks between bouts. The activities of the paraspinal muscles were recorded during concentric and eccentric contractions. Muscle soreness, muscle function, blood lipid profiles and glycaemic responses were measured before, immediately after and at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after each bout.ResultsThe lumbar multifidus and iliocostalis lumborum activities during eccentric contractions were significantly higher than those during concentric contractions (p<0.05). The maximal strength and muscle endurance of the trunk extensor were not decreased even after the eccentric contractions. Compared with concentric contractions, muscle soreness was significantly increased at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after eccentric contractions (p<0.05). The TG, TC and LDL-C were significantly lower at 48, 72 and 96 hours after eccentric contractions (p<0.05), while blood glucose levels and HOMA-IR were significantly greater at 48 and 72 hours after eccentric contractions (p<0.05).ConclusionThis study indicated that eccentric contractions of the trunk extensor had positive effects on the lipid profile and the glycaemic response.

scholarly journals Calcium intake and the associations with faecal fat and energy excretion, and lipid profile in a free-living population

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Kjølbæk ◽  
Janne K. Lorenzen ◽  
Lesli H. Larsen ◽  
Arne Astrup
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Habitual Diet

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between the habitual Ca intake and faecal fat and energy excretion as well as blood lipid profile in free-living normal-weight and overweight individuals. The participants were enrolled for an 8-d period where data from a 7-d diet registration (days 1–7), a 5-d faeces collection (days 3–7), a 2-d urine collection (days 5–7), and anthropometric measurements and a fasting blood sample (day 8) were collected. Analyses showed that dietary Ca intake (g/10 MJ per d) was positively associated with excretion of faecal fat (P = 0·004) and energy (P = 0·031) when adjusted for BMI, age, sex and intake of Ca-containing supplements. However, after adjustment for intake of fibre, the effect of Ca intake disappeared. Nevertheless, total cholesterol (CHOL) and LDL-CHOL concentrations were associated negatively with Ca intake (β −0·62 (95 % CI −0·96, −0·28) mmol/l, P < 0·001, and β −0·49 (95 % CI −0·78, −0·20) mmol/l, P = 0·001, respectively, per 1000 mg/10 MJ per d increase in Ca intake). In conclusion, incorporation of Ca-rich food products in a habitual diet was associated with reduced total CHOL and LDL-CHOL concentrations, which may lower the risk of CVD in the long term.

scholarly journals LONG-TERM TRENDS OF THE MAIN BLOOD LIPID PARAMETERS IN SIBERIAN POPULATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Yu. P. Nikitin ◽  
S. K. Malyutina ◽  
K. V. Makarenkova
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Siberian Population ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Lipid Parameters ◽  
Representative Samples

Aim. To carry out the population analysis of blood lipid profile trends during the period from 1985 to 2005 in Novosibirsk population.Material and methods. The study was carried out based on the databases of two large international epidemiological projects done in Novosibirsk, WHO “MONIСA” and “HAPIEЕ”. The representative samples from nonorganized population of Novosibirsk were tested in compliance with protocol of the projects. The analysis included data of 10272 people aged from 45 to 64 years; among them 4783 were men and 5489 — women.Results. Blood TC, non-HDL–C and LDL–С levels from the citizens of Novosibirsk aged 45–64 were significantly lower in the year 1995: 5,50±0,03 mM/l, 4,07±0,03 and 3,48±0,03 mM/l, respectively. By 2005 these values increased significantly and became higher than those initial in 1985. For women 20-year changes in TC, non-HDL–C and LDL–С levels are more prominent than for men. Trends of blood triglyceride levels are analogous to the changes of the indexes described above: average levels were the lowest in 1995 and the highest — in 2005. During a twenty years period the gradual statistically significant increase of blood HDL–C concentrations was noted: in 1985 its concentration was 1,29±0,01 mM/l, in 1995–1,42±0,01 mM/l (p<0,001), in 2005–1,53±0,004 mM/l (p<0,001). HDL–C level for the first decade (1985–1995) increased at average by 10% for the all tenyear period, and for the twenty-year period — by 18,6%, at that for men the increase was more significant (20,2%) than for women (16,4%). By 1995 the absolute values of atherogenicity coefficient decreased significantly; for women in a greater degree. By 2005 the correlation of pro-atherogenic factor to atherogenic one has slightly increased however stayed lower in relation to 1985.Conclusion. In the year 1995 in Siberian population blood TC, non-HDL–C, LDL–С and TG levels appeared to be lower than in 1985 and 2005. Blood HDL–C content was increasing with each decade. Atherogenicity coefficient decreased during the first decade (by 1995), and during the subsequent years slightly increased for women, but did not change significantly for men.

Effects of opioids and psychoactive drugs on blood lipid and glucose indices; a systematic review of population-based evidences

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Rezaei ◽  
Maryam Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Reduce Blood Glucose

Background: Based on a common belief among people, narcotic substances and psychoactive drugs may help to reduce blood glucose and lipid profile leading to reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. This hypothesis has been verified in several studies; however, there is no conclusive agreement on the reducing effects of opium and other opioid derivatives on blood glucose and lipids. In the present review, we collected all related literature to evaluate the effects of opioids and psychoactive drugs abuse in altering blood glucose and lipid profile, and discuss their long-term effects. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in January 2021 using “lipid profile”, “glucose”, and “opium” including all their equivalents, main derivatives and similar terms. The data were then extracted and reported qualitatively. Results: Overall, 46 articles with 37407 participants were included after several step–by-step procedures of article selection. Findings of this study suggested that opioids may reduce blood glucose and low-density lipoproteins, while increasing triglyceride. However, these effects are temporary, and long-term substance abuse exacerbates glucose and lipid-associated diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis. Conclusion: Although there are many confounding factors that may affect the results of the included literature; however, based on the findings of these studies, the long-term beneficial effects of opioids on lipid profile and blood glucose cannot be accepted.

scholarly journals Disease overarching mechanisms that explain and predict outcome of patients with high cardiovascular risk: rationale and design of the Berlin Long-term Observation of Vascular Events (BeLOVE) study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Siegerink ◽  
Joachim Weber ◽  
Michael Ahmadi ◽  
Kai-Uwe Eckardt ◽  
Frank Edelmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Effective and individualized treatment requires exact knowledge about both risk factors and risk estimation. Most evidence for risk prediction currently comes from population-based studies on first incident cardiovascular events. In contrast, little is known about the relevance of risk factors for the outcome of patients with established CVD or those who are at high risk of CVD, including patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition, most studies focus on individual diseases, whereas less is known about disease overarching risk factors and cross-over risk.AimThe aim of BeLOVE is to improve short- and long-term prediction and mechanistic understanding of cardiovascular disease progression and outcomes in very high-risk patients, both in the acute as well as in the chronic phase, in order to provide the basis for improved, individualized management.Study designBeLOVE is an observational prospective cohort study of patients of both sexes aged >18 in selected Berlin hospitals, who have a high risk of future cardiovascular events, including patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute stroke (AS), acute heart failure (AHF), acute kidney injury (AKI) or type 2 diabetes with manifest target-organ damage. BeLOVE includes 2 subcohorts: The acute subcohort includes 6500 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI within 2-8 days after their qualifying event, who undergo a structured interview about medical history as well as blood sample collection. The chronic subcohort includes 6000 patients with ACS, AS, AHF, or AKI 90 days after event, and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and target-organ damage. These patients undergo a 6-8 hour deep phenotyping program, including detailed clinical phenotyping from a cardiological, neurological and metabolic perspective, questionnaires including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)as well as magnetic resonance imaging. Several biological samples are collected (i.e. blood, urine, saliva, stool) with blood samples collected in a fasting state, as well as after a metabolic challenge (either nutritional or cardiopulmonary exercise stress test). Ascertainment of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) will be performed in all patients using a combination of active and passive follow-up procedures, such as on-site visits (if applicable), telephone interviews, review of medical charts, and links to local health authorities. Additional phenotyping visits are planned at 2, 5 and 10 years after inclusion into the chronic subcohort.Future perspectiveBeLOVE provides a unique opportunity to study both the short- and long-term disease course of patients at high cardiovascular risk through innovative and extensive deep phenotyping. Moreover, the unique study design provides opportunities for acute and post-acute inclusion and allows us to derive two non-nested yet overlapping sub-cohorts, tailored for upcoming research questions. Thereby, we aim to study disease-overarching research questions, to understand crossover risk, and to find similarities and differences between clinical phenotypes of patients at high cardiovascular risk.

Abstract WP352: Factors Affecting Short and Long-Term Outcome of Patients Diagnosed as Stroke Mimic at Index Event

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveed Akhtar ◽  
Saadat Kamran ◽  
Rajvir Singh ◽  
Zain Bhutta ◽  
Debby Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Survival Function ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Index Event ◽  
Stroke Mimics ◽  
Short And Long Term

Background: Stroke mimics (SM) is a stroke-like clinical picture due to a disease other than cerebrovascular diseases. The causes of SM are diverse. Distinguishing SM from stroke is important to avoid unnecessary acute treatment and secondary prevention. PURPOSE: We hypothesized to evaluate short and long-term outcomes in terms of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients who presented with SM. Methods: We evaluated a prospective cohort of Qatari patients with confirmed diagnosis of SM who presented to our hospital as suspected acute stroke between January 2014 and February 2019. We investigated the associated risk factors, short- and long-term risk of MACE in these patients. We calculated the modified Rankin score (mRS) at discharge and 90-days (short-term) and MACE (long-term) outcomes. To determine the independent predictor for MACE, the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used and summarized as hazard ratio and 95% confidential interval. Results: A total of 481 Qatari patients (mean age 57.5 ±18.0; 56.3% male) with diagnosis of SM were identified, of whom 126 (26.2%) patients were found to have MACE during follow up (36.7 months (95% CI 35.5-37.8). Patients who develop MACE were older (62.4 ±17.5 vs 55.7 ±17.9, p<0.001). Hypertension, diabetes and prior stroke and coronary artery disease was significantly more common in patients with MACE. High NIHSS on admission (2.5 ±4.1 vs 1.2 ±3.0, p<0.001), high glucose (7.5 ±2.2 vs 6.8 ±2.0, p= 0.005), lower HDL (1.0 ±0.3 vs 1.2 ±0.3, p<0.001) and extended length of stay at index event (3.9 ±5.6 vs 2.4 ±2.1, p<0.001) was higher in MACE. Patients with MACE had significantly worse outcome at discharge (46.0 vs 23.7%, p<0.001) and at 90-days (38.1 vs 0.4%, p<0.001). Once corrected, the long-term MACE-free survival function did not show any statistical difference between two groups Conclusions: Stroke mimics if associated with cardiovascular risk factors carry a poorer short and long-term prognosis after the first presentation. More aggressive reduction of cardiovascular risk may help in preventing such major cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals Content of n-3 LC-PUFA in Breast Milk Four Months Postpartum is Associated with Infancy Blood Pressure in Boys and Infancy Blood Lipid Profile in Girls

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Signe Bruun ◽  
Lenie van Rossem ◽  
Lotte Lauritzen ◽  
Steffen Husby ◽  
Lotte Neergaard Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Maternal Educational Level ◽  
Changes Over Time

Blood pressure (BP) and blood lipid profile (BLP) have been shown to track from childhood into adulthood, and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) in breast milk have been suggested as mediators of the beneficial long-term effect of breastfeeding on BP and BLP. We aimed to investigate associations between n-3 LC-PUFA content in breast milk at 4 months postpartum and offspring BP and BLP in early life. BP and BLP were measured at 4, 18, and 36 months. Statistical analyses were sex-stratified and adjusted for gestational age, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and maternal educational level. Based on 336 mother-child dyads, high n-3 LC-PUFA in breast milk was inversely associated with systolic and diastolic BP in boys at 4 months (β = −20.0 (95% CI = −33.4, −6.7), p = 0.004 and β = −10.2 (95% CI = −19.8, −0.5), p = 0.039, respectively); inversely associated with HDL cholesterol, and directly associated with triglyceride in girls at 4 months (β = −0.7 (95% CI = −1.1, −0.3), p = 0.001 and β = 3.1 (95% CI = 1.0, 5.2), p = 0.005, respectively). Associations observed at the later time points were non-significant. Furthermore, we observed sex-specific changes over time in both size and direction of the associations. Our results indicate that early intake of n-3 LC-PUFA can affect early development in cardiometabolic factors such as BP and BLP in a sex-specific manner. Follow-up and further investigation in later childhood is planned.

Impaired retinal microvascular function predicts long-term adverse events in patients with cardiovascular disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D Theuerle ◽  
Ali H Al-Fiadh ◽  
Fakir M Amirul Islam ◽  
Sheila K Patel ◽  
Louise M Burrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Light Stimulation ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Flicker Light ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar

Abstract Aims Endothelial dysfunction is a precursor to the development of symptomatic atherosclerosis. Retinal microvascular reactivity to flicker light stimulation is a marker of endothelial function and can be quantified in vivo. We sought to determine whether retinal microvascular endothelial dysfunction predicts long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methods and results In a single-centre prospective observational study, patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or cardiovascular risk factors underwent dynamic retinal vessel assessment in response to flicker light stimulation and were followed up for MACE. Retinal microvascular endothelial dysfunction was quantified by measuring maximum flicker light-induced retinal arteriolar dilatation (FI-RAD) and flicker light-induced retinal venular dilatation (FI-RVD). In total, 252 patients underwent dynamic retinal vessel assessment and 242 (96%) had long-term follow-up. Of the 242 patients, 88 (36%) developed MACE over a median period of 8.6 years (interquartile range 6.0–9.1). After adjustment for traditional risk factors, patients within the lowest quintile of FI-RAD had the highest risk of MACE [odds ratio (OR) 5.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.78–15.28]. Patients with lower FI-RAD were also more likely to die (OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.00–4.40, per standard deviation decrease in FI-RAD). In Kaplan–Meier analysis, patients with FI-RAD responses below the cohort median of 1.4% exhibited reduced MACE-free survival (55.5 vs. 71.5%; log-rank P = 0.004). FI-RVD was not predictive of MACE. Conclusion Retinal arteriolar endothelial dysfunction is an independent predictor of MACE in patients with CAD or cardiovascular risk factors. Dynamic retinal vessel analysis may provide added benefit to traditional risk factors in stratifying patients at risk for cardiovascular events.

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