scholarly journals COVID-19 impact on testing, diagnosis and care of people with sexually transmitted infections in a low human development region, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e525101623897
Author(s):  
Pollyanna Roberta Campelo Gorgens ◽  
Danilo Bretas de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Recent Diagnosis ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the care of people with Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in a region of low human development, located in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: The number of monthly procedures during pandemic period, January to December 2020, and comparison period, January to December 2019, in a SUS regional clinic, a reference for STIs, were analyzed. Visits were categorized into follow-up appointments, rapid tests, viral loads and first appointment due a recent diagnosis. Comparison between both periods was performed by frequency analysis, difference in the mean monthly attendances (DM) and  prevalence ratios (PR), considering ratio between the proportion of attendances in the pandemic period/proportion of attendances in the comparative period. During the pandemic period, the average number of monthly consultations reduced for all consultations (DM = -105.25) and categories. Proportion of consultations reduced for rapid tests (PR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.41-0.52) and first consultation due  recent diagnosis (PR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.65-1, 25), procedures that are usually scheduled by the user. There was an increase in the proportion of follow-up visits (PR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.09-1.27) and viral load tests (PR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.32-1, 88), monitoring procedures usually scheduled by the clinic. There was a trend to maintain risk exposure for STIs. Conclusion: These findings may guide better strategies to care for individuals with STIs.

Impact of recurrent sexually transmitted infections on HIV seroconversion: Results from multi-state frailty models

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242110365
Author(s):  
Handan Wand ◽  
Jayajothi Moodley ◽  
Tarylee Reddy ◽  
Sarita Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Frailty Models ◽  
African Women ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hiv Seroconversion ◽  
The Impact

After several decades of research, South Africa is still considered to be the epicentre of HIV epidemic. The country also has the highest burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) which have been frequently linked to increasing rates of HIV transmission due to biological and behavioural associations between these two pathogeneses. We investigated the cumulative impact of recurrent STIs on subsequent HIV seroconversion among a cohort of South African women. We used the ‘ frailty’ models which can account for the heterogeneity due to the recurrent STIs in a longitudinal setting. The lowest HIV incidence rate was 5.0/100 person-year among women who had no baseline STI and remained negative during the follow-up. This estimate was three times higher among those who had recurrent STIs in the follow-up period regardless of their STI status at baseline (15.8 and 14.0/100 person-year for women with and without STI diagnosis at baseline, respectively). Besides younger age and certain partnership characteristics, our data provided compelling evidence for the impact of recurrent STI. diagnoses on increasing rates of HIV. At the population-level, 65% of HIV infections collectively associated with recurrent STIs. These results have significant clinical and epidemiological implications and may play critical role in the trajectory of the infections in the region.

scholarly journals A risk-based model for predicting the impact of using condoms on the spread of sexually transmitted infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Azizi ◽  
Karen Ríos-Soto ◽  
Anuj Mubayi ◽  
James M. Hyman
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Male Urethritis Caused by Trichomonas vaginalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
Ângela Roda ◽  
João Borges-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Molecular Assays ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

Trichomoniasis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. In women, Trichomonas vaginalis infection may present with vaginitis, cervicitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease, while in men it is mainly asymptomatic or causes mild and transient symptoms of urethritis, epididymitis, or prostatitis. In the past, little importance had been given to the impact of T. vaginalis infection on men’s health, since it was believed to be a self-limited condition without sequelae. However, there is growing evidence it is associated with more serious disorders in both men and women and efforts to diagnose and treat this parasitic infection have increased. Recent advances in testing for sexually transmitted diseases using multiplex molecular assays have increased diagnostic opportunities for T. vaginalis infection, especially in men, as detection of the parasite by traditional methods is much more challenging. We describe an unusual case of male urethritis caused by T. vaginalis observed in our consultation of Sexually Transmitted Infections.

scholarly journals Impact of chemokine C–C ligand 27, foreskin anatomy and sexually transmitted infections on HIV-1 target cell availability in adolescent South African males

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
Clive M. Gray ◽  
Kyle L. O’Hagan ◽  
Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo ◽  
Abraham J. Olivier ◽  
Sylvie Amu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Target Cell ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Medical Male Circumcision ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
T Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract We compared outer and inner foreskin tissue from adolescent males undergoing medical male circumcision to better understand signals that increase HIV target cell availability in the foreskin. We measured chemokine gene expression and the impact of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on the density and location of T and Langerhans cells. Chemokine C–C ligand 27 (CCL27) was expressed 6.94-fold higher in the inner foreskin when compared with the outer foreskin. We show that the density of CD4+CCR5+ cells/mm2 was higher in the epithelium of the inner foreskin, regardless of STI status, in parallel with higher CCL27 gene expression. In the presence of STIs, there were higher numbers of CD4+CCR5+ cells/mm2 cells in the sub-stratum of the outer and inner foreskin with concurrently higher number of CD207+ Langerhans cells (LC) in both tissues, with the latter cells being closer to the keratin surface of the outer FS in the presence of an STI. When we tested the ability of exogenous CCL27 to induce T-cell migration in foreskin tissue, CD4 + T cells were able to relocate to the inner foreskin epithelium in response. We provide novel insight into the impact CCL27 and STIs on immune and HIV-1 target cell changes in the foreskin.

Women infected with HIV and the impact of associated sexually transmitted infections

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaia Reda ◽  
Fernanda Aguiar Gonçalves ◽  
Melissa Mello Mazepa ◽  
Newton Sérgio De Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Rapid tests for sexually transmitted infections (STIs): the way forward

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. v1-v6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Peeling ◽  
K K Holmes ◽  
D Mabey ◽  
A Ronald
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
The Way

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Lymphogranuloma Venereum among Nigerian Men who have Sex with Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S69-S70
Author(s):  
Trevor Crowell ◽  
Justin Hardick ◽  
Kara Lombardi ◽  
Senate Amusu ◽  
Sunday Odeyemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Lymphogranuloma Venereum ◽  
Rectal Pain ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background Among men who have sex with men (MSM), lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) has been associated with proctocolitis that can lead to chronic complications and requires a longer course of antibiotic therapy than is recommended for infections due to other serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT). We describe the prevalence and clinical features of LGV among Nigerian MSM diagnosed with anorectal CT. Methods MSM were recruited into the ongoing RV368 cohort in Lagos, Nigeria, using respondent-driven sampling. Participants were screened for HIV and bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) every three months for up to 18 months. HIV was diagnosed using a parallel algorithm of rapid tests on fingerstick blood samples. PCR testing for Neisseria gonorrheae and CTwas performed on voided urine, oropharyngeal swab, and rectal swab specimens. For this analysis, prevalent and incident cases of rectal CT infection underwent additional testing to identify LGV serovars utilizing novel real-time PCR assays specific for the L serovars of CT Chlamydia trachomatis. Results From 28 April 2014–19 July 2016, 420 men underwent screening for rectal STIs, including 66 (15.7%) who had prevalent rectal infection with CT. An additional 68 participants developed incident infections during 208 person-years of follow-up. Of 134 eligible rectal swab specimens, 128 underwent further testing for LGV serovars. Seven (5.5%) of the tested samples were identified as LGV serovars of CT. None of the seven participants with LGV reported any symptoms such as fever or rectal pain. Two of the participants with LGV were simultaneously co-infected with rectal gonorrhea. HIV co-infection was common among participants with both LGV and non-LGV serovars of CT (71% and 77%, respectively, P = 0.74). Conclusion LGV was uncommon but present among Nigerian MSM in this study. LGV needs to be considered even in asymptomatic cases, particularly if anorectal CT infection fails to respond to the usual course of therapy. Consistent screening for L serovars of CT, or empiric treatment for LGV in cases with a high suspicion for this diagnosis, could potentially improve patient outcomes and decrease transmission. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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