scholarly journals Vasorelaxation in rat pulmonary artery induced by the monoterpene thymol: evaluation of the endothelium derived relaxant factors dependence

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e29010413971
Author(s):  
Renata de Souza Sampaio ◽  
Giuliana Amanda de Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Henrique César Vasconcelos ◽  
Paula Benvindo Ferreira ◽  
Maria da Conceição Correia Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tonic Contraction ◽  
Relaxant Effect ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Cholinergic Pathway

Thymol and carvacrol are the main compounds found in Lippia mycrophylla essential oil (LM-OE) and have presented some spasmolytic effects. This work was designed to explore a possible vasorelaxant effect of LM-OE and its major monoterpenes constituents on rat pulmonary artery. For that, the organ was in vitro stimulated with phenylephrine (Phe) 3 mM and over the tonic contraction the relaxant effect of LM-OE, carvacrol and thymol was observed in both intact and denuded-endothelium. Moreover, atropine, L-NAME, indomethacin, 2,3-O-isopropylidene adenosine, H-89 and Y-27632 were incubated before the relaxant curve of thymol over Phe-tonic contraction. Furthermore, the effects of thymol on KCl 30 or 80 mM and S-(−)-Bay K8644-induced tonic contractions were evaluated, as well as its inhibitory effect on CaCl2-induced cumulative contractions. LM-OE, carvacrol and thymol presented relaxant effect on pulmonary artery, thymol was the most potent and its relaxant potency in intact-endothelium preparations was reduced by atropine, L-NAME, indomethacin, 2,3-O-isopropylidene adenosine and H-89, despite there was not change on its maximum relaxat effect. Also, the monoterpene relaxed equipotently KCl 30 or 80 mM pre-contracted pulmonary artery, antagonized CaCl2-induced cumulative contractions and relaxed S-(−)-Bay K8644 pre-contracted organ. Ultimately, thymol relaxant potency was not modified by Y-27632. Therefore, thymol acts by endothelium-dependent and independent mechanisms, possibly positively modulating the endothelial cholinergic pathway, prostanoids release and further activation of AC/PKA and also inhibiting Ca2+ influx through CaV.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Silico Antioxidant Potential of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis Essential Oil

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
Matilda Rădulescu ◽  
Călin Jianu ◽  
Alexandra Teodora Lukinich-Gruia ◽  
Marius Mioc ◽  
Alexandra Mioc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Β Carotene

The investigation aimed to study the in vitro and in silico antioxidant properties of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis essential oil (MOEO). The chemical composition of MOEO was determined using GC–MS analysis. Among 36 compounds identified in MOEO, the main were beta-cubebene (27.66%), beta-caryophyllene (27.41%), alpha-cadinene (4.72%), caryophyllene oxide (4.09%), and alpha-cadinol (4.07%), respectively. In vitro antioxidant properties of MOEO have been studied in 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging, and inhibition of β-carotene bleaching assays. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the radical scavenging abilities of ABTS and DPPH were 1.225 ± 0.011 μg/mL and 14.015 ± 0.027 μg/mL, respectively, demonstrating good antioxidant activity. Moreover, MOEO exhibited a strong inhibitory effect (94.031 ± 0.082%) in the β-carotene bleaching assay by neutralizing hydroperoxides, responsible for the oxidation of highly unsaturated β-carotene. Furthermore, molecular docking showed that the MOEO components could exert an in vitro antioxidant activity through xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition. The most active structures are minor MOEO components (approximately 6%), among which the highest affinity for the target protein belongs to carvacrol.

scholarly journals INHIBITORY EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ERIOBOTRYA JAPONICA LEAVES PRE-INCUBATED WITH THEOPHYLLINE AND ASPIRIN ON ISOLATED GUINEA PIG TRACHEAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Marianne Marianne ◽  
Urip Harahap ◽  
Emil Salim ◽  
Dadang Irfan Husori ◽  
Fahrumsyah Jali Rambe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Relaxant Effect ◽  
Significant Difference

 Objectives: The objectives of the study were to examine the inhibitory effect of ethanol extract of Eriobotrya japonica leaves (EEEJL) pre-incubated with theophylline and aspirin on isolated guinea pig tracheal chains against acetylcholine (ACh)-induced contraction.Methods: The effect of EEEJL (1-8 mg/Ml) on the isolated tracheal strips was tested in vitro. Furthermore, the mechanism of relaxant effects of EEEJL was evaluated in the presence of theophylline and aspirin.Results: The contractile response evoked by Ach (1.25 × 10−3 M) was decreased by EEEJL (effective concentration50 = 1.36 mg/mL) and has no significant difference of relaxant effect to that of EEEJL pre-incubated with theophylline and aspirin (p>0.05).Conclusion: The EEEJL decreased the ACh-induced contraction through the inhibition of PDE and the protective effect on prostaglandin E2.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and in Vitro Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Minthostachys Mollis (Kunth) Griseb Vaught from the Venezuelan Andes

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flor D. Mora ◽  
María Araque ◽  
Luis B. Rojas ◽  
Rosslyn Ramírez ◽  
Bladimiro Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Significant Inhibitory Effect ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

Chemical constituents of the essential oil from the leaves of Minthostachys mollis (Kunth) Griseb Vaught var. mollis collected in January 2008 at Tuñame, Trujillo State, Venezuela, were separated and identified by GCMS analysis. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and thirteen components (98.5% of the sample) were identified by comparison with the Wiley GCMS library data base. The two major components were pulegone (55.2%) and trans-menthone (31.5%). The essential oil showed a significant inhibitory effect against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, especially Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi (4 μg/mL).

scholarly journals Bronchodilatory effect of Myxopyrum serratulum in animal model

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Vijayalakshmi Maruthamuthu ◽  
Ruckmani Kandasamy
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Chlorpheniramine Maleate ◽  
Relaxant Effect ◽  
Significant Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Guinea Pig Model

<p class="Abstract">The plant <em>Myxopyrum </em>serratulum is traditionally claimed to relieve asthma and cough. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the bronchodilatory effect of the methanolic extract of <em>M. </em>serratulum on histamine-induced bronchospasm by <em>in vivo</em> and the inhibitory effect of the extract on histamine-contracted tracheal chain and ileum by <em>in vitro</em> guinea pig model. Additionally, the relaxant effect of four cumulative concentrations of the extract (0.25, 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0 g%) was assessed using precontracted tracheal chain under different conditions. The extract (400 mg/kg) prolonged the preconvulsive time to 102.3 ± 3.8 sec when compared to saline and standard chlorpheniramine maleate as 121.3 ± 4.5 sec (p&lt;0.05). The extract also possessed significant inhibitory effect on histamine-contracted guinea pig ileum and tracheal chain and also exhibited significant relaxation effect on precontracted tracheal chain of guinea pig models contracted by 60 mM KCl (p&lt;0.001) and 10 µM methacholine (p&lt;0.001) when compared with standard theophylline.</p>

scholarly journals GC/MS analysis, antimicrobial and in vitro anti-cholinesterase activities of the essential oil from Buddleja asiatica

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Farman Ali Khan ◽  
Abdul Khaliq Jan ◽  
Nasir Mehmood Khan ◽  
Nayab Ali Khan ◽  
Shahnaz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Shigella Boydii ◽  
Cholinesterase Activities ◽  
Mass Spectrometery

<p><em>Buddleja asiatica</em> essential oil from the leaves by hydrodistillation was subjected to gas chromatography/mass spectrometery analysis which revealed the presence of 17 constituents out of which 14 were identified as: four monoterpenes hydrocarbons, four oxygenated monoterpenes, one hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes and five oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The major constituent being found was 1,8-cineole (38.1%) while β-sinensal, 1, 10-seco-1-hydroxy-calamenen-10-one and α-phellandrene were found to be in 11.8%, 10.2% and 5.8%, respectively. The essential oil exhibited 66% strong antibacterial activity against <em>Shigella boydii</em> while in fungicidal assay, it revealed an outstanding 79% inhibition against <em>Aspergillus flavus</em>. The essential oil showed outstanding acetylcholinesterase (IC<sub>50 </sub>5.2 μM) and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory effect (IC<sub>50</sub> 27.9 μM) as compared to standard drugs respectively.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals In vitro antibacterial activity of 34 plant essential oils against Alternaria alternata

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Qiyu Lu ◽  
Ji Liu ◽  
Caihong Tu ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Chunlong Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Mustard Essential Oil

To determine the antibacterial effect of 34 plant essential oils on Alternaria alternata, 34 plant essential oils such as asarum essential oil, garlic essential oil, and mustard essential oil are used as inhibition agents to isolate A. alternata from citrus as indicator bacteria, through the bacteriostasis test and drug susceptibility test, the types of essential oils with the best inhibitory effect were screened and their concentration was determined. The results showed that the best inhibition effect was mustard essential oil with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 250 μl/L and a minimum bactericidal concentration of 250 μl/L. Followed by the Litsea cubeba essential oil and basil oil, the minimum inhibitory concentration is 500 μl/L.

scholarly journals Response of Aspergillus niger Inoculated on Tomatoes Exposed to Vapor Phase Mustard Essential Oil for Short or Long Periods and Sensory Evaluation of Treated Tomatoes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Elena Aguilar-González ◽  
Enrique Palou ◽  
Aurelio López-Malo
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mustard Essential Oil

The inhibitory effect of mustard essential oil (EO) in vapor phase against Aspergillus niger was evaluated in vitro and in vivo (in tomatoes). Mold response in tomatoes exposed for short or long periods to selected concentrations of mustard EO was also evaluated. Furthermore, a sensory evaluation was also performed among treated tomatoes and compared with nontreated ones. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the studied EO was determined by the inverted Petri dish method. MIC for the in vitro and in vivo tests for mustard EO was of 3.08 μL/Lair. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate the effectiveness of vapors of mustard EO against A. niger. The studied EO contains highly volatile organic compounds with strong inhibitory effects, even when applied for short periods, and can consequently be considered a good alternative to traditional synthetic antimicrobials without detriment of selected sensory attributes.

Inhibitory effect of essential oil from Nepeta rtanjensis on fungal spore germination

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Grbić ◽  
Miloš Stupar ◽  
Jelena Vukojević ◽  
Dragoljub Grubišić
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fungal Spore ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cladosporium Cladosporioides ◽  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Conidia Germination ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Alternaria Species

AbstractThe ability of Nepeta rtanjensis essential oil to inhibit conidia germination of fungi was evaluated in vitro. Tested fungi included in research were Cladosporium cladosporioides, Trichoderma viride and two Alternaria species originally isolated from N. rtanjensis. The conidia of Cladosporium cladosporioides were most susceptible to the N. rtanjensis essential oil treatment, and the oil concentration of 0.1 µg ml−1 caused the maximum of conidia germination inhibition. The highest concentration used in experiment that caused the maximum of conidia germination inhibition was 0.6 µg ml−1 for Alternaria isolated from leaf surface of N. rtanjensis. The germ tube elongation of Alternaria isolates significantly decreased in response of different concentrations of oil used in experiment.

scholarly journals In-vitro antidermatophytic activity of essential oil of Psidium guajava (Linn.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 57-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Bhushan ◽  
Santosh Kr Sharma ◽  
Saurabh Kumar ◽  
Rajat Tandon ◽  
A. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antifungal Drug ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Antidermatophytic Activity ◽  
Infected Skin

Dermatophyte with the ability to digest keratine invade and therve on keratinized of human and animals. In the present study, the activity of essential oil of Psidium guajava (Linn.) was evaluated against four selected dermatophytes, namely Microsporiumcanis, Trichophytomruburum, T. verrucossum, T. tonsurans. Dermatophyteswere isolated with the infected skin, scalp, nail and genital organs of patients from districts hospital, Bareilly. Griseofulvin was used as a standard antifungal drug against the test dermatophytes. Oil was extracted through clevenger’s apparatus. Maximum inhibition zone was reported 69 mm against T. verrucossum followed by 60 mm Trichophytomruburum, 48 mm Trichophytomruburum and 45mm Microsporiumcanis. All five concentrations of oil showed excellent inhibitory effect against all test dermatophytes as compared to standard antifungal used.

Inhibitory effect of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil (ZBEO) on Escherichia coli and intestinal dysfunction

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1569-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Hong ◽  
Wu Jing ◽  
Wang Qing ◽  
Su Anxiang ◽  
Xue Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zanthoxylum Bungeanum

The inhibitory effects of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil (ZBEO) on Escherichia coli (E. coli) in vitro and in vivo were investigated, as well as its function of improvement of intestinal health.

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