Alternative products in the management of green mold in postharvest oranges

Green mold, caused by the fungus Penicillium digitatum, is the primary issue in the post-harvest phase of oranges that causes significant losses. Consequently, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of alternative products in the management of green mold in postharvest oranges. Four in vitro experiments were conducted. Three assessed the effects of different concentrations of each alternative product (potassium phosphite, Ascophyllum nodosum extract, and organomineral fertilizer) on the production of fresh mycelial weight of P. digitatum; and a fourth evaluated the effects of alternative products compared to that of the conventional product (benzimidazole fungicide). Subsequently, ‘Valencia’ oranges were subjected to the treatments, which consisted of distilled water (inoculated and non-inoculated control), potassium phosphite, A. nodosum extract, organomineral fertilizer, and benzimidazole fungicide. The fruits were inoculated with P. digitatum and evaluated daily for the incidence and severity of green mold over seven days. Furthermore, the effects of the treatments on the physicochemical quality of fruits were evaluated for the following attributes: skin and pulp color, firmness of the pulp, pH, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), and the SS/TA ratio. Potassium phosphite and A. nodosum extract inhibited the in vitro development of P. digitatum. The alternative products reduced the incidence and severity of green mold on oranges without compromising the physicochemical quality of the fruit. Therefore, the evaluated products can be used in the postharvest treatment of oranges and are considered promising alternatives for the management of green mold.

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The Effects of 1-Methylcyclopropene Treatment on the Fruit Quality of ‘Idared’ Apples during Storage and Transportation

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10110490 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 490

Author(s):

Kazimierz Tomala ◽

Maria Małachowska ◽

Dominika Guzek ◽

Dominika Głąbska ◽

Krystyna Gutkowska

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Gas Permeability ◽

Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Control Groups ◽

Long Distance ◽

Postharvest Treatment

1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) is applied as an inhibitor of ethylene action, which is widely used in postharvest technology to prolong the shelf life of many fruits. The aim of the study was to assess the possibility to apply 1-MCP treatment to maintain the quality of ‘Idared’ apples for long-distance transportation. The studied apples were assessed in three groups: (I) 1-MCP postharvest treatment; (II) 1-MCP postharvest treatment with Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) selected gas permeability bags; and (III) control groups (with neither 1-MCP treatment, nor dedicated packaging). Apples were subjected to storage in the Ultra Low Oxygen (ULO) chamber that was applied for 0 weeks, 10 weeks and 20 weeks (three periods of storage); simulated long-distance transport (6 weeks); and simulated distribution, which was applied for 0 days, 5 days, 10 days, and 15 days (4 periods of distribution). The obtained 36 groups (three postharvest treatments per three periods of storage per four periods of distribution) were analyzed to assess firmness, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA). There were differences between firmness values for control groups and those with 1-MCP applied, which were characterized by higher values of firmness (p < 0.05). Groups with 1-MCP and MAP applied combined were characterized by higher values of TSS than control groups (p < 0.05). The majority of groups with 1-MCP applied alone were characterized by higher values of TA than control groups (p < 0.05), but values for samples attributed to 1-MCP and MAP combined were not higher than for 1-MCP alone. It may be concluded that 1-MCP applied postharvest contributed to higher results of firmness and TA of ‘Idared’ apples after long-distance transportation, but combining 1-MCP with MAP did not contribute to further differences for TA. However, for TSS the observed influence was inconclusive. It may be stated that 1-MCP is a beneficial treatment for ‘Idared’ apples for long-distance transportation as it prolongs their shelf life and improves firmness.

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Effect of Alcoholic Extracts of Cymbopogon citratus upon the Control of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in vitro and upon the Post-harvest Quality of Guavas

European Journal of Medicinal Plants ◽

10.9734/ejmp/2019/v29i130145 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Ana P. F. A. Santos ◽

Amanda P. Mattos ◽

Adriana T. Itako ◽

João B. Tolentino Júnior ◽

Gabriela S. Moura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Dose Dependent

Aims: This work aimed at evaluating the effects of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of lemongrass upon the control in vitro of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and upon the post-harvest quality of guavas “Paluma”. Methodology: We analyzed the inhibition of mycelial growth and sporulation of the pathogen at different concentrations of the extracts (8%; 5%; 3%; 1.5% and 0.5%). In the post-harvest assay, the guavas were treated by immersion in distilled water, ethanolic and methanolic extracts (1%; 0.5% and 0.25%) and stored at 25ºC ± 2ºC for eight days. We evaluated mass loss, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ratio, reducing and non-reducing sugars, ascorbic acid and pH and the incidence of anthracnose. Results: In the test in vitro, the pathogen growth inhibition was dose-dependent and the sporulation was completely inhibited upon higher concentrations of extract. At post-harvest, the fruits maintained their physicochemical characteristics, and the treatments were not efficient at retarding fruit ripening. Although the tested treatments inhibited the plant pathogen C. gloesporioides in vitro, they were not efficient at controlling the disease in vivo. Conclusion: The extracts showed control in vitro of C. gloeosporioides at 8%. However, the extracts were not effective at controlling the disease after harvest.

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Harvest season, productivity and physicochemical quality of peach fruits grown in Dois Vizinhos, Paraná State, Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6supl2p3011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽

pp. 3011-3022

Author(s):

Gilmar Antonio Nava ◽

◽

Eder Oneide Kurschner ◽

Dalva Paulus ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Subtropical Climate ◽

Crop Season ◽

Physicochemical Quality ◽

Fruit Growing ◽

Main Components ◽

Technological University

The objective of this study was to determine the harvest time, main components of yield and the physicochemical quality attributes of peach cultivars produced in a subtropical climate. The study was carried out in the Fruit Growing sector of the Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, Paraná State, Brazil. The main components of yield and estimated productivity, background color of the epidermis, pulp firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and the SS/TA ratio of 17 peach cultivars were determined for two crop cycles: 2016 and 2017. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replicates of one tree per experimental unit, in a 17 x 2 bifactorial scheme (cultivars x years). Fruits of the cultivars: Aurora-1, Bonão, Douradão, Leonense, Ouromel, Rubimel and Zilli matured early, whereas those of Eldorado and BR-1 were last to mature. The cultivars Bonão, Charme and Eldorado were the most productive. Eldorado produced the highest caliber of fruits and Bonão produced the highest number of fruits per tree. The cultivars BR-1 and Eldorado produced the sweetest fruits and Leonense, the most acidic. The 2016 crop season provided greater productivity, with fruits of greater caliber and firmness of pulp.

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Elicitors on the control of anthracnose and post-harvest quality in papaya fruits1

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632016v4745093 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 211-217

Author(s):

Andréa Celina Ferreira Demartelaere ◽

Luciana Cordeiro do Nascimento ◽

George Henrique Camêlo Guimarães ◽

Juliete Araújo da Silva ◽

Romulo Gil de Luna

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Post Harvest ◽

The World ◽

Potassium Phosphite

ABSTRACT Papaya is one of the most grown and consumed fruits in the world. However, post-harvest diseases are responsible for more than 50 % of losses, including anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloesporioides, which promotes necrotic and rounded lesions and reduces fruit quality. Alternative products have been widely investigated in the control of pathogens. This study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of elicitors in the control of anthracnose, as well as their effect on post-harvest quality, in papaya fruits. The fruits were disinfested and immersed in acibenzolar-S-methyl, potassium phosphite, Rocksil®, Agro-mos®, Ecolife®, sterilized distilled water and prochloraz, inoculated with C. gloesporioides and stored. Potassium phosphite, Rocksil®, Ecolife® and prochloraz resulted in the smallest diameters of lesions, and, consequently, in a greater protection and enzymatic activity. The fruits treated with Rocksil® and Ecolife® maintained the lowest levels of soluble solids and titratable acidity. Potassium phosphite, Rocksil® and Ecolife® are effective in controlling anthracnose, do not change the appearance and preserve the post-harvest quality of papaya fruits, and, therefore, may be used as an alternative to commercial fungicides.

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Physicochemical Characterization and Functional Potential of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccineus L. Landrace Green Beans

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11040803 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 803

Author(s):

Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños ◽

Alma Karina Garzón-García ◽

Jimena Esther Alba-Jiménez ◽

José Luis Chávez-Servia ◽

Araceli Minerva Vera-Guzmán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Physicochemical Characterization ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Green Beans ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Total Soluble Solids ◽

Color Parameters

The green bean is an important crop worldwide, because it is rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, as well as bioactive compounds that provide it with important functional properties; however, the composition of many landraces is still unknown. The purpose of this project was to characterize Phaselus vulgaris and coccineus L. landrace green beans on pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total sugars, color parameters, total phenols, monomeric anthocyanins, and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP). Regarding the content of total sugars, differences were registered between both species, as opposed to results observed in total soluble solids. Color parameters showed higher reddish tones for P. vulgaris landraces, though P. coccineus had a higher total phenolic content, especially the reddish landraces, which correlated directly to a higher antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP. In the protein content, the species P. vulgaris registered the highest content. These results could contribute to a greater use and even promote the genetic improvement of the outstanding pods that serve as one of the main food products in rural regions for higher benefits.

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Efficacy of coupling gamma irradiation with calcium chloride and lemongrass oil in maintaining guava fruit quality and inhibiting fungal growth during cold storage

Folia Horticulturae ◽

10.2478/fhort-2018-0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 67-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ramadan A. Hassanein ◽

Ehab A. Salem ◽

Ahmed A. Zahran

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Fungal Growth ◽

Alternaria Solani ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Γ Irradiation ◽

Lemongrass Oil

AbstractThis study was performed to explore the efficacy of combining more than one postharvest treatment in maintaining some quality attributes and reducing fungal pathogenicity in cold-stored guava fruits. The investigated postharvest treatments included the control, CaCl2(4%), lemongrass oil (2 dm3kg−1), gamma (γ) irradiation (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 kGy), 0.4 kGy γ irradiation + CaCl2(4%), and 0.4 kGy γ irradiation + lemongrass oil (2 dm3kg−1). The studied physiochemical attributes included weight loss, decay percentage, fruit firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), and vitamin C content. Different fungal species were also isolated from decayed fruits and were identified asAlternaria alternata,Alternaria solani,Aspergillus niger,Botrytis cinerea,Fusarium solaniandRhizopus stolonifer. The severity of infection for the different fungi was determined, and anin vitroantifungal assay was conducted for lemongrass oil. All the investigated treatments generally reduced decay and water loss percentages, and controlled TSS, TA and vitamin C decrements that occurred during cold storage. On the other hand, higher irradiation doses generally increased fruit softness, and the 0.4 kGy γ dose did not contribute to the overall fruit quality when coupled with CaCl2and lemongrass oil, compared to CaCl2and lemongrass oil treatments alone.

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Characterization of maturity and quality of Brazilian apirenic grapes in the São Francisco river Valley

Food Science and Technology ◽

10.1590/s0101-20612012005000010 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 26-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Robson de Jesus Mascarenhas ◽

Silvanda de Melo Silva ◽

Maria Auxiliadora Coêlho de Lima ◽

Rejane Maria Nunes Mendonça ◽

Heinz Johann Holschuh

Keyword(s):

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Minimum Diameter ◽

Red Grapes ◽

Berry Size ◽

Large Clusters ◽

Small Clusters ◽

Light Green

The objective of this study was to characterize and correlate maturity and quality of the first varieties of Brazilian seedless grapes 'BRS Clara', 'BRS Linda', 'BRS Morena', and 'Advanced Selection 8' compared with the American variety 'Crimson Seedless' in compliance with the Brazilian Normative/2002 and export standards Advanced Selection 8' is dark reddish, has large clusters, and is a very large ellipsoid berry; 'BRS Morena' is black with medium sized clusters and large berry shaped as ellipsoid to globoid; 'BRS Linda' is light green and has large sized clusters; 'Crimson' is pink and has small clusters with berries varying from medium to large sizes and ellipsoid shaped; and 'BRS Clara' is green yellowish has medium sized clusters and small berry of elongated ellipsoid shape. All varieties evaluated meet the standard for domestic market established as berry size minimum diameter 12 mm. 'BRS Clara' does not meet the export requirements of diameter. Berries of the red grapes 'BRS Morena' and 'Crimson Seedless' are firmer. The pH, titratable acidity, and soluble solids meet the official standards. Larger clusters are less acidic and present higher soluble solids/titratable acidity ratios implying that they are the sweetest type when ripe.

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Fruit quality of ‘Eva’ e ‘Princesa’ apples grown under nitrogen fertigation in semiarid climate

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n10p967-972 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 967-972 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

João M. de S. Miranda ◽

Ítalo H. L. Cavalcante ◽

Inez V. de M. Oliveira ◽

Paulo R. C. Lopes ◽

Joston S. de Assis

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Skin Color ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Economic Viability ◽

Fruit Firmness ◽

Fruit Characteristics ◽

Apple Cultivars ◽

Fruit Mass

ABSTRACTThe production of high quality fruits is a necessary factor for the adaptation and production of plant species with economic viability. Thus, an experiment was conducted from July 2012 to January 2013 to evaluate the fruit quality of the ‘Eva’ and ‘Princesa’ apple cultivars as a function of nitrogen fertilization in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with treatments distributed in a factorial arrangement 2 x 4, corresponding to apple cultivars (Eva and Princesa) and nitrogen doses (40; 80; 120 and 160 kg of N ha-1), with four replications and three plants in each plot. The fruit characteristics, such as fruit mass, skin color (luminosity, chromaticity, and colour angle), size (width and length), pulp firmness, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS) and the SS/TA ratio, were recorded. Nitrogen doses do not affect fruit quality of studied apple cultivars. The fruit quality attributes are different between apple cultivars: fruit firmness, SS/TA ratio, fruit mass and fruit diameter are superior for Princesa cultivar, while the fruit length for Eva cultivar is superior.

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Phenology, production and quality of blueberry produced in humid subtropical climate

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452018520 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

Author(s):

José Gilberto Sousa Medeiros ◽

Luiz Antonio Biasi ◽

Claudine Maria de Bona ◽

Francine Lorena Cuquel

Keyword(s):

Fruit Set ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Subtropical Climate ◽

Blue Color ◽

Productive Performance ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Mass Size ◽

Fruit Mass

Abstract Studies on adaptation to the cultivation site are necessary for the recommendation of new cultivars. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phenological development, productivity and fruit quality of eight blueberry cultivars from the rabbiteye group (Aliceblue, Bluebelle, Bluegem, Briteblue, Climax, Delite, Powderblue and Woodard) and two from the highbush group (Georgiagem and O’Neal) under humid subtropical conditions in the 2012/2013, 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 cycles. Beginning and end of flowering, beginning and end of harvesting, fruit set, production, mass, diameter, pH, content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, ratio and coloring were evaluated. The evaluated cultivars presented flowering in the period from July to September, concentrating harvest in the months of November and December. The highest fruit set was observed in Delite, Climax, Briteblue and Powderblue cultivars. There were differences among cultivars regarding fruit mass, size, pH, content of soluble solids and acidity. The results showed that the cultivars exhibited blue color with few variations over the evaluation years. Cultivars with the best productive performance under humid subtropical climate conditions are Bluegem, Delite, Climax and Powderblue.

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Yield and quality of strawberry cultivars

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362010000200015 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 222-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Luis Eduardo C Antunes ◽

Nara Cristina Ristow ◽

Ana Cristina R Krolow ◽

Sílvia Carpenedo ◽

Carlos Reisser Júnior

Keyword(s):

Statistical Design ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Yield And Quality

The strawberry cultivation is an important economic activity in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, however the number of offered cultivars to the growers is reduced. The yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivars Camarosa, Galexia, Earlibrite, Festival, Plarionfre and Sabrosa was evaluated under the climatic conditions of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State. We determined the number, mass, total soluble solids (TSS ºBrix), total titratable acidity (TTA), antocianin level and fresh fruits produced in an experimental unit. We also determined the production of fruits per hectare and per plant. The statistical design used in the experiment was of completely randomized blocks with 6 treatments (cultivars) and 4 replicates where the experimental unit was composed of 8 plants. The harvest began in the first half of August, extending to the second half of December, totalling 20 weeks. Plarionfre, Earlibrite and Festival cultivars showed higher production from the first half of October until the end of the first half of November. Camarosa reached higher productivity, mass of plants and fruit weight. There were no differences between the evaluated cultivars in the levels of TSS, antocianin, ATT and pH during the period of evaluation.

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