COVID-19 infection in 50 patients receiving lithium

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Rybakowski
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Recurrent Depression ◽  
Naturalistic Observation ◽  
Lithium Intoxication

Objectives. The aim of the study was a naturalistic observation of the occurrence and course of COVID-19 infection in fifty patients treated with lithium from March 2020 to March 2021 and not receiving the vaccination against COVID-19 during this period. Materials and methods. The study group included 23 men and 27 women aged 23–71 (mean 45) receiving lithium for 1–45 (mean 7) years. Bipolar disorder (BD) was diagnosed in 46 patients, including BD type 1 in 19 patients and BD type 2 in 26 patients, and recurrent depression in one patient. The patients were treated with lithium to prevent manic and depressive recurrences, of which six underwent lithium monotherapy. Four patients with schizophrenia receiving clozapine were administered with lithium to treat and prevent neutropenia. Results. In the study group, 37 patients (74%), including five patients receiving lithium monotherapy, did not develop the infection. The infection was mild in 8 patients and moderately severe in two. Two patients developed lithium intoxication. One patient died of COVID-19 related pneumonia. Conclusions. The observations made on the study group show that COVID-19 infection occurred in one-fourth of lithium-treated patients. In the majority of the subjects, the infection was benign. The results also suggest that COVID-19 infection and related circumstances may be a risk factor for lithium intoxication.

scholarly journals Differences in Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in North-East Poland

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Wojciech Matuszewski ◽  
Magdalena M. Stefanowicz-Rutkowska ◽  
Magdalena Szychlińska ◽  
Elżbieta Bandurska-Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Study Group

Background and Objective: Nowadays, diabetes is one of the main causes of blindness in the world. Identification and differentiation of risk factors for diabetic retinopathy depending on the type of diabetes gives us the opportunity to fight and prevent this complication. Aim of the research: To assess differences in the risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Warmia and Mazury Region, Poland. Materials and Methods: Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) were assessed on the basis of an original questionnaire, which included: personal data, clinical history of diabetes and eye disease. Elements of clinical examination: blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference. Indicators of diabetes metabolic control: mean glycemia, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol and triglycerides, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), albumin–creatinine ratio in urine. Results: The study group included 315 (26%) patients with DM1 and 894 (74%) patients with DM2. Risk factors were estimated on the basis of logistic regression and verified with Student’s t-test. Statistically significant dependencies were found in both groups between the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy and diabetes duration, HbA1c, triglyceride concentrations, indicators of kidney function and cigarette smoking status. In the DM2 group, the development of DR was significantly influenced by the implemented models of diabetic treatment. Conclusions: In the whole study group, the risk of DR was associated with the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, triglyceride concentrations and smoking. In DM1 patients, the risk of DR was associated with diabetic kidney disease in the G1A1/A2 stage of chronic kidney disease, and in DM2 patients with the G2 stage of chronic kidney disease. An important risk factor for DR in DM2 patients was associated with late introduction of insulin therapy.

scholarly journals Duodenal major papilla morphology can affect biliary cannulation and complications during ERCP, an observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Han Chen ◽  
Chun-Fang Tung ◽  
Yen-Chung Peng ◽  
Hong-Zen Yeh ◽  
Chi-Sen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Biliary Cannulation ◽  
Small Papilla ◽  
Type 3

Abstract BackgroundWe investigated whether duodenal major papilla morphology could be a risk factor for failure of selective biliary cannulation (SBC) and post endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and pancreatography (ERCP) complications.MethodsA prospectively recorded database was reviewed retrospectively. Patients were included if they received therapeutic ERCP and had naïve major duodenal papilla. We used Haraldsson’s classification for papilla morphology, as follows: Regular (Type 1), Small (Type 2), Protruding or Pendulous (Type 3) and Creased or Ridged (Type 4). Risk factors for failing SBC and post-ERCP complications were analyzed by multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 286 cases were included. Age, gender, indications and therapeutic procedures were not different among the four types of papillae. The failure rates of SBC with Type 3 papilla and Type 4 papilla were 11.11% and 6.25%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, Type 2 papilla (odd ratio 7.18, p= 0.045) and Type 3 papilla (odd ratio 7.44, p= 0.016) were associated with greater SBC failure compared with Type 1 papilla. Malignant obstruction compared to stone (odds ratio 4.45, p=0.014) and age (odd ratio=1.06, p=0.010) were also risk factors for cannulation failure. Type 2 papilla was correlated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis (20%, p=0.020) compared to the other types of papilla However, papilla morphology was not a significant risk factor for any complications in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionSmall papilla and protruding or pendulous papilla are more difficult to cannulate compared to regular papilla. Small papilla is associated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis.

scholarly journals Homocysteinemia as a risk factor of diabetic nephropathy in children and adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-323
Author(s):  
Zh. V. Shutskaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Type 1

This article summarizes data on homocysteinemia and its influence on vascular pathologic changes in patients with different diseases including diabetes type 1 and type 2. The role of homocystein as an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in children and adolescents is discussed. The problem of homocysteinemia treatment is reviewed.

Beta-Cell Fragility As a Common Underlying Risk Factor in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Liston ◽  
John A. Todd ◽  
Vasiliki Lagou
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Underlying Risk Factor ◽  
Underlying Risk

Glycemic Variability, Oxidative Stress and Impact on Complications Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Valente ◽  
Alberto K. Arbex
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Established Risk Factor ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Hba1c Target

: Chronic hyperglycemia is an established risk factor for the development of complications in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but glycemic variability has emerged as a possible independent risk factor for diabetes complications, possibly throughout oxidative stress. In this review we discuss methods to access glycemic variability and oxidative stress, as well as their correlations. We also debate non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies to achieve a better glycemic control, not only by HbA1c target, but also with reduced glycemic fluctuations, possibly minimizing the risk of diabetes complications.

scholarly journals Duodenal major papilla morphology can affect biliary cannulation and complications during ERCP, an observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Han Chen ◽  
Chun-Fang Tung ◽  
Yen-Chung Peng ◽  
Hong-Zen Yeh ◽  
Chi-Sen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Biliary Cannulation ◽  
Small Papilla ◽  
Type 3

Abstract Background We investigated whether duodenal major papilla morphology could be a risk factor for failure of selective biliary cannulation (SBC) and post endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and pancreatography (ERCP) complications. Methods A prospectively recorded database was reviewed retrospectively. Patients were included if they received therapeutic ERCP and had naïve major duodenal papilla. We used Haraldsson’s classification for papilla morphology, as follows: Regular (Type 1), Small (Type 2), Protruding or Pendulous (Type 3) and Creased or Ridged (Type 4). Risk factors for failing SBC and post-ERCP complications were analyzed by multivariate analysis. Results A total of 286 cases were included. Age, gender, indications and therapeutic procedures were not different among the four types of papillae. The failure rates of SBC with Type 3 papilla and Type 4 papilla were 11.11% and 6.25%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, Type 2 papilla (odd ratio 7.18, p = 0.045) and Type 3 papilla (odd ratio 7.44, p = 0.016) were associated with greater SBC failure compared with Type 1 papilla. Malignant obstruction compared to stone (odds ratio 4.45, p = 0.014) and age (odd ratio = 1.06, p = 0.010) were also risk factors for cannulation failure. Type 2 papilla was correlated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis (20%, p = 0.020) compared to the other types of papilla However, papilla morphology was not a significant risk factor for any complications in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Small papilla and protruding or pendulous papilla are more difficult to cannulate compared to regular papilla. Small papilla is associated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis.

scholarly journals HDL & LDL Status in Untreated Newly Detected Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Abu Tarek Iqbal ◽  
M Jalal Uddin ◽  
Md Salehuddin ◽  
Hasan Murad
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Objective: The study was conducted with a view to find out HDL & LDL status in newly detected untreated Type II diabetic patients. Methods: Study was carried out on 116 (66 male & 50 female) newly diagnosed untreated type 2 diabetes patients aged 40 - 65 years and were selected randomly for study. Fifty (25 male & 25 female) non diabetic subjects aged 40 - 65 years were randomly selected as control. Results: LDL - C was significantly higher (P<.0001) and HDL -C was significantly lower (<.0001) in study group in comparison to control group.Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is commonly found in type - 2 diabetic patients. It is a risk factor for microvascular complications. So it should be controlled effectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22877 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (1); Jan 2015; Page 31-33

scholarly journals Metabolic Aspects of Migraine: Association With Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Rivera-Mancilla ◽  
Linda Al-Hassany ◽  
Carlos M. Villalón ◽  
Antoinette MaassenVanDenBrink
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Disorder ◽  
Metabolic Comorbidities

Migraine is a disabling neurovascular disorder, characterized by moderate to severe unilateral headaches, nausea, photophobia, and/or phonophobia, with a higher prevalence in women than in men, which can drastically affect the quality of life of migraine patients. In addition, this chronic disorder is related with metabolic comorbidities associated with the patient's lifestyle, including obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM). Beyond the personal and socioeconomic impact caused by migraine, obesity and DM, it has been suggested that these metabolic disorders seem to be related to migraine since: (i) they are a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disorders or chronic diseases; (ii) they can be influenced by genetic and environmental risk factors; and (iii) while clinical and epidemiological studies suggest that obesity is a risk factor for migraine, DM (i.e., type 1 and type 2 DM) have been reported to be either a protective or a risk factor in migraine. On this basis, and given the high worldwide prevalence of migraine, obesity, and DM, this article provides a narrative review of the current literature related to the association between the etiology and pathophysiology of migraine and these metabolic disorders, considering lifestyle aspects, as well as the possible involvement of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and/or sex hormones. While a link between migraine and metabolic disorders has been suggested, many studies are contradictory and the mechanisms involved in this association are not yet sufficiently established. Therefore, further research should be focused on understanding the possible mechanisms involved.

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